Sensitivity of thermohaline circulation to decadal
... response time is too long for the deeper ocean to be affected on an interannual basis. However, if either of these conditions, El Niño or La Niña, were to last for an anomalously long period, as observed during the period 1990– 1995 with conditions similar to El Niño, marked changes in oceanic TH ...
... response time is too long for the deeper ocean to be affected on an interannual basis. However, if either of these conditions, El Niño or La Niña, were to last for an anomalously long period, as observed during the period 1990– 1995 with conditions similar to El Niño, marked changes in oceanic TH ...
Building resilience to climate shocks and stresses: knowledge gap Learning paper #1
... what Holling (1973) referred to as ‘engineering resilience’) into a more elaborated concept their time and resources in access and control over, or which embraces the ability not simply to bounce back but also to adapt and to transform. In productive activities. management of, resources the (relativ ...
... what Holling (1973) referred to as ‘engineering resilience’) into a more elaborated concept their time and resources in access and control over, or which embraces the ability not simply to bounce back but also to adapt and to transform. In productive activities. management of, resources the (relativ ...
PDF
... impacts involve changes in demand for market services, changes in household energy demand and changes in demand for public services. The first two are considerably larger than other impacts and affect sectors of the economy which generate high added value. Consistently with changes in tourism flows, ...
... impacts involve changes in demand for market services, changes in household energy demand and changes in demand for public services. The first two are considerably larger than other impacts and affect sectors of the economy which generate high added value. Consistently with changes in tourism flows, ...
Links between climate change, conflict and governance in Africa
... Chad and Mali, the destruction of marine and coastal resources, and damage to property and infrastructure.5 These changes are already undermining the carrying capacity of large parts of the dry pastoral regions in Africa, causing destabilising population movements and raising tensions over dwindling ...
... Chad and Mali, the destruction of marine and coastal resources, and damage to property and infrastructure.5 These changes are already undermining the carrying capacity of large parts of the dry pastoral regions in Africa, causing destabilising population movements and raising tensions over dwindling ...
presentation (56ss, 3.6b)
... • WAY FORWARD NATIONAL HYDRAULIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (NAHRIM) ...
... • WAY FORWARD NATIONAL HYDRAULIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (NAHRIM) ...
The economic impact of climate change on road infrastructure in sub
... observed over comparable time periods. Climate has always been changing throughout the history of the earth. Between 2500 BC and 2300 BC for example, the climate in the present Sahara changed rapidly from a situation in which cereals could be cultivated into a situation in which only livestock could ...
... observed over comparable time periods. Climate has always been changing throughout the history of the earth. Between 2500 BC and 2300 BC for example, the climate in the present Sahara changed rapidly from a situation in which cereals could be cultivated into a situation in which only livestock could ...
coming decades, climate change is expected to exacerbate the risks... disasters, not only from more frequent and intense hazard events,...
... 1900–1989 and 1990–2008. The rows are arranged in order of declining mortality ascribed to the various events (highest to lowest) for the former period. The deadliest extreme weather events during much of the 20th century were droughts, followed by floods and storms. Over the 109year record, drought ...
... 1900–1989 and 1990–2008. The rows are arranged in order of declining mortality ascribed to the various events (highest to lowest) for the former period. The deadliest extreme weather events during much of the 20th century were droughts, followed by floods and storms. Over the 109year record, drought ...
Forcing of anthropogenic aerosols on temperature trends of the sub
... evidence suggests that this trend reversal may be a result of a wind regime shift in the Pacific12. The switch to a positive PDO phase in the late 1970s aligns with the sharp decline in IO temperatures during this period (Fig. 3b), however the lack of a warming prior to the 1980s (negative PDO phase ...
... evidence suggests that this trend reversal may be a result of a wind regime shift in the Pacific12. The switch to a positive PDO phase in the late 1970s aligns with the sharp decline in IO temperatures during this period (Fig. 3b), however the lack of a warming prior to the 1980s (negative PDO phase ...
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme
... ce cores and other evidence of climate conditions in the distant past provide evidence that rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are associated with rising global temperatures. Human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), and secondarily the clearing of l ...
... ce cores and other evidence of climate conditions in the distant past provide evidence that rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are associated with rising global temperatures. Human activities, primarily the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), and secondarily the clearing of l ...
Climate change between the mid and late Holocene in northern high
... proxies in Fig. 1, the northern high-latitude region was about 1 ◦ C warmer in summer, 1.8 ◦ C warmer in winter and 2.1 ◦ C warmer in the annual mean temperature at 6 ka, in comparison to 0 ka. The uncertainties of the overall temperature change largely depend on the uncertainty in individual recons ...
... proxies in Fig. 1, the northern high-latitude region was about 1 ◦ C warmer in summer, 1.8 ◦ C warmer in winter and 2.1 ◦ C warmer in the annual mean temperature at 6 ka, in comparison to 0 ka. The uncertainties of the overall temperature change largely depend on the uncertainty in individual recons ...
a 2017 national survey of broadcast meteorologists
... engagement with their viewership. These topics included: weathercasters’ use of social media; activity and secondary forecasts; the influence of news consultants on the weather segment; familiarity with the American Meteorological Society station scientist initiative; and reporting longer-format sci ...
... engagement with their viewership. These topics included: weathercasters’ use of social media; activity and secondary forecasts; the influence of news consultants on the weather segment; familiarity with the American Meteorological Society station scientist initiative; and reporting longer-format sci ...
The Rockefeller Way - Energy and Environmental Legal Institute
... the energy industry sees no bounds, as the family’s objectives permeate throughout federal and state energy policy, as well as international social engineering globalist compacts such as Agenda 21. With the immeasurable influence that accompanies mass wealth and power, the Rockefeller empire has pro ...
... the energy industry sees no bounds, as the family’s objectives permeate throughout federal and state energy policy, as well as international social engineering globalist compacts such as Agenda 21. With the immeasurable influence that accompanies mass wealth and power, the Rockefeller empire has pro ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Vegetation
... NDVI (MaxNDVI) is the highest NDVI value obtained during the summer for each 8-km pixel and represents the peak greenness achieved during the summer. The Time-Integrated NDVI (TI-NDVI) is the sum of the biweekly NDVI values for the summer growing season. A threshold of 0.09 was used as a minimal val ...
... NDVI (MaxNDVI) is the highest NDVI value obtained during the summer for each 8-km pixel and represents the peak greenness achieved during the summer. The Time-Integrated NDVI (TI-NDVI) is the sum of the biweekly NDVI values for the summer growing season. A threshold of 0.09 was used as a minimal val ...
Oregon`s Biodiversity in a Changing Climate
... increased precipitation in the last century, primarily as increases in the amount of heavy precipitation (Groisman et al. 2001). There is a large degree of confidence that these trends will continue into the future. Global average surface temperatures are projected to rise between 1.1 and 6.4 °C (2. ...
... increased precipitation in the last century, primarily as increases in the amount of heavy precipitation (Groisman et al. 2001). There is a large degree of confidence that these trends will continue into the future. Global average surface temperatures are projected to rise between 1.1 and 6.4 °C (2. ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Vegetation
... NDVI (MaxNDVI) is the highest NDVI value obtained during the summer for each 8-km pixel and represents the peak greenness achieved during the summer. The Time-Integrated NDVI (TI-NDVI) is the sum of the biweekly NDVI values for the summer growing season. A threshold of 0.09 was used as a minimal val ...
... NDVI (MaxNDVI) is the highest NDVI value obtained during the summer for each 8-km pixel and represents the peak greenness achieved during the summer. The Time-Integrated NDVI (TI-NDVI) is the sum of the biweekly NDVI values for the summer growing season. A threshold of 0.09 was used as a minimal val ...
IFC`s Definitions and Metrics for Climate
... 5 Investments can include loans, equity, guarantees, and client risk-management products. 6 Advisory expenditures are the budgeted cost of advisory services delivered. 7 For example, if IFC is financing an existing industrial project for a total of $100 million including an energy efficiency compone ...
... 5 Investments can include loans, equity, guarantees, and client risk-management products. 6 Advisory expenditures are the budgeted cost of advisory services delivered. 7 For example, if IFC is financing an existing industrial project for a total of $100 million including an energy efficiency compone ...
Regional climate change and its impact on photooxidant
... [7] The investigation of the effect of global climate change on regional distributions of meteorological variables and photooxidants was performed by dynamical downscaling using the coupled meteorology-chemistry model MCCM. On the basis of the concept of a one-way nesting strategy, the lateral bound ...
... [7] The investigation of the effect of global climate change on regional distributions of meteorological variables and photooxidants was performed by dynamical downscaling using the coupled meteorology-chemistry model MCCM. On the basis of the concept of a one-way nesting strategy, the lateral bound ...
PDF - ECC Platform Library
... Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives - the countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). The region comprising less than 4% of the world's land area and home to more than 1.7 billion people representing 21% of the world's population is already one of the most enviro ...
... Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives - the countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). The region comprising less than 4% of the world's land area and home to more than 1.7 billion people representing 21% of the world's population is already one of the most enviro ...
Climate Change: Issues and Events
... thanks to this programme that agriculture has found itself on United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC), indeed the first draft submission on agriculture that formed the basis for Africa Group of negotiators at COP 15 in Copenhagen Poland; was developed by COMESA in February 2009. Since CO ...
... thanks to this programme that agriculture has found itself on United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC), indeed the first draft submission on agriculture that formed the basis for Africa Group of negotiators at COP 15 in Copenhagen Poland; was developed by COMESA in February 2009. Since CO ...
Great Barrier Reef
... higher sea levels to produce more damaging storms surges and coastal inundation.4 • With business as usual emissions of CO2, oceanic pH is projected to decrease by about 0.4 units by 2100 (from 8.2 to 7.8), the lowest pH experienced for several hundreds of thousands of years. The magnitude of chang ...
... higher sea levels to produce more damaging storms surges and coastal inundation.4 • With business as usual emissions of CO2, oceanic pH is projected to decrease by about 0.4 units by 2100 (from 8.2 to 7.8), the lowest pH experienced for several hundreds of thousands of years. The magnitude of chang ...
as PDF - Natural Hazards Center
... Since traditional knowledge is increasingly recognized, federal agencies and national climate change initiatives are funding collaborative efforts between indigenous communities and federal and non-indigenous climate change entities that involve traditional knowledge. In response to this, a large ...
... Since traditional knowledge is increasingly recognized, federal agencies and national climate change initiatives are funding collaborative efforts between indigenous communities and federal and non-indigenous climate change entities that involve traditional knowledge. In response to this, a large ...
Adaptation to climate change in Israel
... national climate change adaptation program. In accordance with the decision, the Ministry of Environmental Protection set up an Israeli Climate Change Information Center (ICCIC) in 2011 at Haifa University, in cooperation with Tel Aviv University, the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology and th ...
... national climate change adaptation program. In accordance with the decision, the Ministry of Environmental Protection set up an Israeli Climate Change Information Center (ICCIC) in 2011 at Haifa University, in cooperation with Tel Aviv University, the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology and th ...
(Box 3). Increased understanding of climate change and biodiversity
... Conducting a science-policy/stakeholder dialogue based on key issues and findings of the externship assessments to engage Albertine Rift-country policy-makers and other key decision-makers on issues of biodiversity conservation and climate change. Further fostering regional networks of scientist ...
... Conducting a science-policy/stakeholder dialogue based on key issues and findings of the externship assessments to engage Albertine Rift-country policy-makers and other key decision-makers on issues of biodiversity conservation and climate change. Further fostering regional networks of scientist ...
Human Mobility in the context of Climate Change
... policies and interventions on pastoralist livelihoods and displacement, and can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of different adaptation strategies under different climate scenarios. The Framework for Assessing, Monitoring and Evaluating the Environment in Refugee-related Operations, developed ...
... policies and interventions on pastoralist livelihoods and displacement, and can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of different adaptation strategies under different climate scenarios. The Framework for Assessing, Monitoring and Evaluating the Environment in Refugee-related Operations, developed ...
Why Worry About Climate Change? A Research Agenda
... well the concern may be overstated (Mendelsohn and Bennett, 1997; Link and Tol, 2004; Nicholls et al., 2005). Another argument against a precautionary approach is that climate change is a two-sided risk, not a one-sided one. Gradual emission reduction is probably cheap, but stringent, rapid emission ...
... well the concern may be overstated (Mendelsohn and Bennett, 1997; Link and Tol, 2004; Nicholls et al., 2005). Another argument against a precautionary approach is that climate change is a two-sided risk, not a one-sided one. Gradual emission reduction is probably cheap, but stringent, rapid emission ...
Fred Singer
Siegfried Fred Singer (born September 27, 1924) is an Austrian-born American physicist and emeritus professor of environmental science at the University of Virginia. Singer trained as an atmospheric physicist and is known for his work in space research, atmospheric pollution, rocket and satellite technology, his questioning of the link between UV-B and melanoma rates, and that between CFCs and stratospheric ozone loss, his public denial of the health risks of passive smoking, and as an advocate for climate change denial. He is the author or editor of several books including Global Effects of Environmental Pollution (1970), The Ocean in Human Affairs (1989), Global Climate Change (1989), The Greenhouse Debate Continued (1992), and Hot Talk, Cold Science (1997). He has also co-authored Unstoppable Global Warming: Every 1,500 Years (2007) with Dennis Avery, and Climate Change Reconsidered (2009) with Craig Idso.Singer has had a varied career, serving in the armed forces, government, and academia. He designed mines for the U.S. Navy during World War II, before obtaining his Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University in 1948 and working as a scientific liaison officer in the U.S. Embassy in London. He became a leading figure in early space research, was involved in the development of earth observation satellites, and in 1962 established the National Weather Bureau's Satellite Service Center. He was the founding dean of the University of Miami School of Environmental and Planetary Sciences in 1964, and held several government positions, including deputy assistant administrator for the Environmental Protection Agency, and chief scientist for the Department of Transportation. He held a professorship with the University of Virginia from 1971 until 1994, and with George Mason University until 2000.In 1990 Singer founded the Science & Environmental Policy Project to advocate for climate change denial, and in 2006 was named by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation as one of a minority of scientists said to be creating a stand-off on a consensus on climate change. Singer argues there is no evidence that global warming is attributable to human-caused increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide, and that humanity would benefit if temperatures do rise.He is an opponent of the Kyoto Protocol, and has claimed climate models as not based on reality, and not evidence. Singer has been accused of rejecting peer-reviewed and independently confirmed scientific evidence in his claims concerning public health and environmental issues.