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SHAKY SCIENCE: INCONVENIENT TRUTHS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS
SHAKY SCIENCE: INCONVENIENT TRUTHS CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS

... would be appropriate to use the most recent IPCC reports, including the chapters focusing on North America, and the U.S. government Climate Change Science Program [CCSP] Synthesis Reports as scientific assessments that could serve as an important source or as the primary basis for the Agency’s issua ...
3/97 - Population Health Sciences
3/97 - Population Health Sciences

... Keynote Address, “Global Threats: facts and artifacts,” Dutch Society of Tropical Medicine and International Health, June, 2006 Purdue Climate Change Research Center Distingushed Lecture, May, 2006 Dean's Lectureship, University of Michigan, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, April, 20 ...
Projected river discharge in the Euphrates Tigris Basin
Projected river discharge in the Euphrates Tigris Basin

... change impacts on the region. For instance, in a very recent study, Gleick (2014) assessed the ongoing conflict in Syria and its possible connections to water scarcity, and investigated future climaterelated risks to water systems. Gleick (2014) concluded that without improvements in water managemen ...
Climate challenge – the safety`s off
Climate challenge – the safety`s off

... answers. Regardless of this, we have to make decisions. Climate change has already affected the distributions and annual cycles of many species, disrupting the natural balance within ecosystems, writes Benjamin Smith, Lund University. Continued changes might affect ecosystem services and biodiversit ...
Forecasting global climate change: A scientific approach Kesten C
Forecasting global climate change: A scientific approach Kesten C

... evidence-based methods validated for the situation” (Armstrong, Green, and Graefe 2014).6 The median reduction in forecast error from following a Golden Rule guideline, rather than common practice, is 25%. That is, error was reduced by one quarter. We found that the IPCC procedures violated all 19 ...
Future wet grasslands: ecological implications of climate change
Future wet grasslands: ecological implications of climate change

... (Eliáš et al. 2013). Climate change and the rate of change are likely to affect social, economic, and agricultural functioning (IPCC 2007), and cause environmental concerns such as biodiversity and habitat loss (McCarty 2001). The climate change scenarios predicted by IPCC (2014) include extreme epi ...
The impacts of climate change on soil functions
The impacts of climate change on soil functions

... fauna, flora and man, all acting over time. It takes thousands of years for a soil to form and most soils are still evolving following changes in some of these soil forming factors, particularly climate and vegetation, over the past few millennia. Changes in any of the soil forming factors, such as ...
2016_student_project_higson
2016_student_project_higson

... the people in the region. In addition to the obstacle that population growth creates for food secutiry, climate change will present difficulties as well. Changes in precipitation, temperature and seasonal variability are projected to negatively impact agricultural yields across East Africa (Case 200 ...
Climate Change: Addressing the Impact for Human Security
Climate Change: Addressing the Impact for Human Security

... and conflict prone. It is important to recognise that the risks are not just of a humanitarian nature; they also include political and secu-rity risks that directly affect European interests. Moreover, in line with the con-cept of human security, it is clear that many issues related to the impact of ...
STRIVE Ireland in a Warmer Report Series No.27
STRIVE Ireland in a Warmer Report Series No.27

... a particular focus on coastal regions surrounding Ireland. While the impact is seasonally dependent, there is evidence that extreme wave heights may increase by up to 10% in some Irish waters. Chapter 5 describes an investigation into the impact of warmer ocean temperatures on storminess. The result ...
The Contours of Cap and Trade: The Evolution of Emissions Trading
The Contours of Cap and Trade: The Evolution of Emissions Trading

... do not seek to argue for or against emissions trading as an appropriate strategy for controlling greenhouse gas emissions, or to analyze cap and trade in comparison with other policy instruments such as carbon taxes, efficiency measures, or regulation. Whether or not cap and trade is the best option ...
10584_2011_45_MOESM1_ESM - Springer Static Content Server
10584_2011_45_MOESM1_ESM - Springer Static Content Server

... change impacts on Natural Systems affecting forestry production / agriculture / farmed aquatic and terrestrial plants and animals and conceptual adaptations (not currently set in place) embedded in future climate change scenarios / predictive computer models. Articles that incorporated adaptation in ...
Addressing Climate Change in National Urban Policy
Addressing Climate Change in National Urban Policy

... While urbanization has brought immense opportunities for development and growth, it has also brought numerous challenges. Our cities consume 78 per cent of the world’s energy, produce 70 per cent of energy-related green-house gas emissions and consume much more land than is needed, which will have n ...
The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern
The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern

... The use of these varying diagnostics, as well as differing complexities in models used to study these extreme events, have led to no clear consensus on whether vortex disturbances will increase into the future (e.g., Charlton-Perez et al. 2008) or decrease (e.g., Rind et al. 1998). For instance, Bel ...
Executive Summary - Forest Watch
Executive Summary - Forest Watch

... (the Hadley scenario) would have profound impacts on regional water quality and warming coastal waters will experience species shifts and toxic algal blooms. Sea-level rise will become a significant problem for low-lying coastal regions (Cape Cod, coastal areas of CT, RI, MA, NH, and ME), affecting ...
Scenarios of Storminess and Regional Wind Extremes under
Scenarios of Storminess and Regional Wind Extremes under

... Plains. Wendelken (1966) also catalogued damage to this same forest from downslope storms that occurred in 1945 and 1964. In the 1975 storm a gust of 194 km/hr was recorded at Kaikoura. In January 2004, an active cold front moving up the country produced very high wind speeds over the northern South ...
Analysis of vegetation distribution in Interior Alaska and sensitivity to
Analysis of vegetation distribution in Interior Alaska and sensitivity to

... the logistic regression equations and thresholds identified during model development were run using the changed input data sets for a prediction of equilibrium vegetation. In several scenarios, mean growing season temperature was increased by 1, 2 and 5 C. A comparison of 19 global climate change s ...
here - OHCHR
here - OHCHR

... I would like to thank the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) for inviting me to give a few opening remarks at today’s side panel which will focus on building climate resilience, and in particular with regard to the rights of particular vulnerable groups. Climate-related disaste ...
title
title

... understand and appropriately address climate change issues, there is currently limited data to enable Vanuatu to plan effective responses to climate change impacts. Although Vanuatu has benefited from participation in a number of regional and national climate change projects in the past ten years or ...
Effects of global warming on arctic sea-floor
Effects of global warming on arctic sea-floor

... They occur in cycles with one phase lasting for several years to a decade or more before oscillating to a different state. Decadal-scale oscillations are important for studying ecosystem structure and function because they remain in a climate state long enough to allow the ecosystem to adjust to tho ...
Ireland in a Warmer World
Ireland in a Warmer World

... a particular focus on coastal regions surrounding Ireland. While the impact is seasonally dependent, there is evidence that extreme wave heights may increase by up to 10% in some Irish waters. Chapter 5 describes an investigation into the impact of warmer ocean temperatures on storminess. The result ...
Maize migration: key crop expands to higher altitudes
Maize migration: key crop expands to higher altitudes

... expansion of major crops, concluding that “[p]redictions of the impact of climate change on net revenue must reflect not only changes in yields per crop but also crop switching” (Seo & Mendelsohn, 2008, p. 109). Common to these simulation and model-based studies is that they omit consideration of how ...
Module: Introduction
Module: Introduction

... - to ensure that the entire world population, that will increase from 7 to 10 billion people by 2050, will have access to cheap energy, and - to guarantee that this happens in an environmentally sustainable way, limiting the increase of temperature to below 2°C. OUR STRATEGY Consistent with this vis ...
Impacts of changes in climate, land use and land cover on
Impacts of changes in climate, land use and land cover on

... emissions on the present-day mercury cycle and then projected the effects from future changes in anthropogenic mercury emissions. Selin (2014) identified the challenges for meeting the goals of the Minamata Convention to regulate anthropogenic mercury emission and evaluating its influences on global b ...
A conceptual framework for monitoring climate effects and feedback
A conceptual framework for monitoring climate effects and feedback

... impacts based on previous observed concomitant changes in climate, terrestrial,  freshwater and marine systems in the Arctic (ACIA 2005). Founded upon the large  amount of information provided by the assessment, ACIA has specified a range of  recommendations pivotal for future climate change researc ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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