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2008 4 7 Kristen Miller Report
2008 4 7 Kristen Miller Report

... and other related work requiring input at a political level within COSLA. If we are truly to respond to the challenges presented by Climate Change, we need to be ambitious in what we are prepared to do for the people on the planet, and those who are yet to be born. Obviously we must make quick progr ...
Chapter Eight United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
Chapter Eight United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

... specifically in regard to mitigation and adaptation. Global efforts will need to be based on priority activities at the national level in order for international support efforts to be fully effective. The Dialogue recognized mitigation, adaptation and technology and market-based opportunities as ce ...
Adaptation 101
Adaptation 101

... global leadership. The US can improve its standing in the world community by showing that it is willing to take responsibility for the consequences of its greenhouse gas emissions. This becomes particularly important as the US begins to re-engage in international negotiations on climate change. • T ...
PDF
PDF

... (Deschenes and Greenstone, 2007) are good measures of acute effects but are less appropriate measures of the long-run impacts of climate change. The analysis assumes that prices remain unchanged (Cline 1996). Although changes in local supply might be dramatic, prices of food crops are determined by ...
Hearts or minds? Identifying persuasive messages on climate change
Hearts or minds? Identifying persuasive messages on climate change

... change does not change with people who anticipate higher energy costs. Bechtel and Scheve (2013), by contrast, find that support varies based on institutional design, including principles of equitable allocation of costs. Importantly, for our purposes, they find highest support for action when the c ...
to read our complete analysis of Australia`s fossil fuel companies
to read our complete analysis of Australia`s fossil fuel companies

... most acutely affected, such as those within the fossil fuel sector. Using Oxford Martin School’s ‘Working Principles for Investment in Fossil Fuels’, Market Forces has conducted an analysis to further this understanding. This analysis aims to assist investors in identifying those firms most actively ...
Examples of adaptation for marine and coastal stakeholders
Examples of adaptation for marine and coastal stakeholders

... The CCRA reviewed the evidence for over 700 potential impacts of climate change in a UK context. Detailed analysis was undertaken for over 100 of these impacts across 11 key sectors, on the basis of their likelihood, the scale of their potential consequences and the urgency with which action may be ...
Climate Change: Why Worry?
Climate Change: Why Worry?

... teacher may want to assign particular activities to students displaying particular aptitudes. Group work would seem to be a good option if class size, facilities, and resources permit. The material from NRCan Earth Sciences is of particular application to group exploration reporting back to the enti ...
Resilience an approach for urban climate change
Resilience an approach for urban climate change

... very difficult to estimate. (H. Shafir and P. Alpert, 1989). It is necessary to use a forecasting model for predicting the effect of urbanization on rainfall pattern, then combine with changing of global climate scenarios for further study. The expected impacts of climate change also pose considerab ...
Can Green Growth Really Work and what are the True
Can Green Growth Really Work and what are the True

... NGOs) advocated a fundamental shift towards “green and inclusive growth”1 as the new, qualitativelydifferent growth paradigm,2 which would considerably improve the energy efficiency of the economy and lead to drastic changes in its energy and material mix (replacing exhaustible by renewable material ...
May 9 Jason Gray – Cap and Trade
May 9 Jason Gray – Cap and Trade

... GHGs to below 2oC. Achieving emissions level of under 2 tons per capital, and/or 80-95% below 1990 levels by 2050  Sharing of technology, scientific research, and best practices  128 jurisdictions to date, representing 740 M people and $20.7 trillion in GDP  50-80% of mitigation & adaptation acti ...
How Do Polar Marine Ecosystems Respond to Rapid Climate
How Do Polar Marine Ecosystems Respond to Rapid Climate

... networks to span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Fortunately, we can prioritize regions to sample by focusing on biological hotspots (40, 46). Many biological hotspots are spatially constrained (~10 to 100 km2) and distributed throughout polar systems. They are often located near sea mo ...
Minority Report
Minority Report

... Expanding the Radiative Forcing Concept Despite all these advantages, the traditional global mean TOA radiative forcing concept has some important limitations, which have come increasingly to light over the past decade. The concept is inadequate for some forcing agents, such as absorbing aerosols a ...
Climate Models as Economic Guides: Scientific
Climate Models as Economic Guides: Scientific

... more so at the level of counties or cities. For example, in the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), forecasts for the period 2071-2100 generated from 12 different climate models predict that England will experience anywhere from a 60 percent decrease to ...
A New Modelfor the American Research
A New Modelfor the American Research

... more so at the level of counties or cities. For example, in the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), forecasts for the period 2071-2100 generated from 12 different climate models predict that England will experience anywhere from a 60 percent decrease to ...
Climate Change Lecture Notes
Climate Change Lecture Notes

... 5. Students can identify the major ways in which the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth, and explain how and why the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth. 6. Students can describe and explain how and why the amount of clouds in the atmosphere affects the average tempera ...
colorado - Center for Integrative Environmental Research
colorado - Center for Integrative Environmental Research

... Although Colorado generally has plentiful water resources— five major western rivers originate in the state—complex water rights, warmer temperatures and population growth could more than offset its advantageous position in the coming century. An estimated 75 percent of the yearly water flow for th ...
The Structure of Economic Modeling of the Potential Impacts
The Structure of Economic Modeling of the Potential Impacts

... where the consequences are hard to predict and the effects may be irreversible.11 Scientists have indeed been helping us to understand the nature of the risks. Based on the mainstream scientific literature, at 4°C or warmer we might see the following (see Appendix—Part 1 for more detailed descriptio ...
The oil industry and climate change: strategies
The oil industry and climate change: strategies

... between profits and CO2 emissions. The strategies are analysed as three attitudes towards this dilemma: (i) placing priority on the business consequences while weakening the perception that anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are causing climate change; (ii) avoiding responsibility; and (iii) pla ...
retrieve Climate Change Impacts on the Great Lakes
retrieve Climate Change Impacts on the Great Lakes

... global and regional climates over the next 100-200 years under a range of future emission scenarios (see IPCC 2013). Therefore the approach taken here is to assume that there is a very high probability that some form of climate change will occur and that it would be negligent not to take this into c ...
Waves of Change: Climate Change in the Pacific Islands
Waves of Change: Climate Change in the Pacific Islands

... of the Small Islands States role in global organizations. The course will allow students to read the most recent United Nations documents prepared by experts to understand sustainability and social justice in world affairs. There will also be a juxtaposition of the main international instruments aim ...
Overview of Transition for Groups
Overview of Transition for Groups

... What are the actions and behaviours that have contributed over time to the conditions that we are now facing? ...
Ten Overlooked Issues in Climate Change Science Roger A. Pielke Sr.
Ten Overlooked Issues in Climate Change Science Roger A. Pielke Sr.

... 1. Past climate is a useful guide to the future - Assessing past climate conditions provides a very effective analysis tool to assess societal and environmental vulnerability to future climate, regardless of the extent the future climate is altered by human activity. Our current and future vulnerabi ...
Climate change and Irish forestry
Climate change and Irish forestry

... Forests are themselves vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, and this must be considered when planning the management of future forests. ...
Global public health and climate change
Global public health and climate change

...  How are climate change and human health linked?  What health effects have been observed already, and what can we expect in the future? ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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