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ENSEMBLES_DoW_vn.4_RT5_and_RT6_overview
ENSEMBLES_DoW_vn.4_RT5_and_RT6_overview

... by using observations and meteorological reanalyses. It is proposed to evaluate the feedback in the 20th century simulations of coupled climate models, with a special emphasis on the relative roles of atmospheric and oceanic processes. Task 5.2.e: Evaluation of climate variability and teleconnection ...


... of information – what information was available, to whom, when, and with what credibility – was key to the decision making process. During World War II, DDT was discovered to be extremely effective in controlling insects that are vectors for malaria, typhus and other diseases. Further study and use ...
slide showing 30 new emerging disease and then
slide showing 30 new emerging disease and then

... “lagging indicators” of climate change. ...
1 - QUBES Hub
1 - QUBES Hub

... animal phenology (Comprehension) o Understand how interactions between species as well as with their abiotic environment affect community structure and species diversity (Knowledge, Comprehension) o Evaluate data “cherry-picking” as a climate change skeptic tactic (Evaluation) INSTRUCTIONS Introduct ...
Climate Change in Southeast Asia
Climate Change in Southeast Asia

... in precipitation patterns, increased incidence of severe weather events, higher temperatures, and sea-level rise in many highly populated coastal regions. These changes will negatively impact agricultural yields, biodiversity, forest harvests, and availability of clean water. It will also lead to a ...
Seminar paper
Seminar paper

... These issues are at the core of the recent developments of coalition theory. Let us consider the simplest case of a simultaneous one-shot game. This game can be ideally decomposed into two stages. In the first step – the coalition game – countries decide whether or not to cooperate. In the second ste ...
pdf - The Paleoindian Database of the Americas
pdf - The Paleoindian Database of the Americas

... Warm Period, a time of slightly warmer than average Holocene temperature that occurred from ca. AD 800 to 1200 (ca. 1200–800 cal yr BP) (e.g., Broecker, 2001). Current projections for global climate around ca. AD 2100, based on a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide, foresee average global surface ...
1093 EN
1093 EN

... patterns can help to re-orientate consumption and production towards more climate friendly choices. However, it is also necessary to ensure coherence and reliability of labelling schemes, taking into account the complexity of the food chain and the need to convey clear messages to consumers. ...
Preparing for and managing change: climate adaptation for
Preparing for and managing change: climate adaptation for

... impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystems have become more evident. Preparing for and addressing these changes are now prominent themes in conservation and natural resource policy and practice. Adaptation increasingly is viewed as a way of managing change, rather than just maintaining ...
The change of the hydrological cycle under the influence of global
The change of the hydrological cycle under the influence of global

... Even in the early stage of warming (with a mean global temperature rise of 0.5°C), changes in the heat and moisture regime will lead to a decrease of annual river runoff within large areas of the northern hemisphere. In the USSR, the most drastic decrease of river runoff is expected in its European ...
magnitude and frequency
magnitude and frequency

... to be detectable (given large variability in extreme precipitation metrics) for many decades. Given the above points, it is more fruitful to evaluate future flood risk from first principles. The Clausius-Clapeyron constant predicts an increase in the moisture-holding capacity of the atmosphere of ap ...
the Migration as Adaptation briefing.
the Migration as Adaptation briefing.

... colonial law, and the provision of government services all relied on a good understanding of who was where (Bakewell, 2008: 1344). According to Bakewell, classic ‘interventionist’ development programming also revolves around encouraging or enabling people to stay at ‘home’ while also framing migrati ...
benefit sharing redd+ indonesia - The Forest Carbon Partnership
benefit sharing redd+ indonesia - The Forest Carbon Partnership

... Jl. Gunung Batu No. 5, Bogor 16610. PO BOX 272. Telp +622518633944; Fax +622518634924 Email: [email protected]; Website:www.puspijak.org ...
PDF
PDF

... from one sector to another explicitly. Moreover, most studies were focused on a single sector, either crops or animal husbandry or forestry. Any change in an individual sector, however, would alter relative profitabilities among them which would spur the changes in allocation of land resources (von T ...
implications of long-term scenarios for medium
implications of long-term scenarios for medium

... impacts in other areas, related to expectations about future yields and land-use policies, for example. The greenhouse gas emission reduction range of 40% to 70% by 2050, which is often quoted from the IPCC report, is not only due to uncertainty about technology performance or the climate system, bu ...
A Critical Analysis of the Kyoto Protocol using Monte Carlo
A Critical Analysis of the Kyoto Protocol using Monte Carlo

... 1990 and 2009, found to have been reduced by approximately 18 percent of base year levels. Using IPCC Special Report Emissions Scenarios (SRES) as a practicable baseline for non-mitigation, three distinct intervention scenarios were constructed from target and observed emissions reductions under the ...
environmental_justice - Thomas Jefferson Institute for Public Policy
environmental_justice - Thomas Jefferson Institute for Public Policy

... • Impose only affordable costs, in the context of all social needs. ...
Macroeconomic Impacts of the California Global Warming Solutions
Macroeconomic Impacts of the California Global Warming Solutions

... The purpose of this paper is to estimate the macroeconomic impacts of AB32 on the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Region economy. This is the largest economic region in California in terms of population and economic activity. It is unique in several respects, such as its divers ...
Water resources
Water resources

... assumption of stationarity (constant mean, variance & autocorrelation) ● Observed changes in means, variance & extremes – old rules are breaking down ● Trends or shifts: if, when & why? ● Regimes (periods exhibiting stationarity)? ● Use all of the record; or which part? ...
Earth system sensitivity inferred from Pliocene modelling and data
Earth system sensitivity inferred from Pliocene modelling and data

... Quantifying the equilibrium response of global temperatures to an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations is one of the cornerstones of climate research. Components of the Earth’s climate system that vary over long timescales, such as ice sheets and vegetation, could have an important ...
expedition_RSV
expedition_RSV

... contribution of complex feedbacks to of drought thought to be abrupt precipitation regime changes related to strong landand drought persistence ...
Pattern scaling using ClimGen: monthly
Pattern scaling using ClimGen: monthly

... to greenhouse gas forcing (Heinke et al. 2013); (ii) cases with different future emissions or concentrations of greenhouses gases, and hence different future global temperature changes (Huntingford et al. 2010); or (iii) time periods for which suitable simulations have not been undertaken (e.g., to ...
FFEIpolicyworkshop-InfoPackage
FFEIpolicyworkshop-InfoPackage

... be able to identify the work that is required to adapt to climate change, where research efforts need to focus, and the types of decision making frameworks required. To help participants envisage the potential “net effect” of the various individual changes that are being anticipated (e.g. reduced pr ...
Climate Change in Turkmenistan - Grand Valley State University
Climate Change in Turkmenistan - Grand Valley State University

... these institutional transformations, affecting vegetation–climate feedbacks at multiple spatial and temporal scales. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), developing nations and arid regions of the world are particularly vulnerable to cli ...
Earth Negotiations Bulletin ADP 2-6
Earth Negotiations Bulletin ADP 2-6

... (UNFCCC) opens today in Bonn, Germany, and will conclude on 25 October 2014. The ADP will focus on preparing key documents for the 20th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP 20) to the UNFCCC, scheduled to take place in Lima, Peru, in December 2014. Under workstream 1 (the 2015 agreement), c ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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