Oceanic Influences on Recent Continental
... the atmospheric circulation response to the warm SSTs in Fig. 1a. The areas of simulated anomalous ascent and descent in the mid-troposphere (Fig. 2c) clearly reflect the wavy structures expected as part of the circulation response. Over the tropical Indian and western Pacific oceans, the pattern of ...
... the atmospheric circulation response to the warm SSTs in Fig. 1a. The areas of simulated anomalous ascent and descent in the mid-troposphere (Fig. 2c) clearly reflect the wavy structures expected as part of the circulation response. Over the tropical Indian and western Pacific oceans, the pattern of ...
An independent and combined effect analysis of land use and
... analyzed using a Regional Climate Model from the IPCC A1B scenario. Land use maps were created using Idrisi TAIGA land change modeler, based on historical changes over two time periods and transformed for future forecasting. Logistic regression was used to generate these maps containing the probabil ...
... analyzed using a Regional Climate Model from the IPCC A1B scenario. Land use maps were created using Idrisi TAIGA land change modeler, based on historical changes over two time periods and transformed for future forecasting. Logistic regression was used to generate these maps containing the probabil ...
30 million tonnes in 2030 alone
... • The policies we modelled would cut pollution from Canadians’ homes by more than half by 2050, relative to the policies that apply today. • The direct financial costs of this policy package are modest, with an overall net cost increase of 0.3% a year across the economy, relative to current polici ...
... • The policies we modelled would cut pollution from Canadians’ homes by more than half by 2050, relative to the policies that apply today. • The direct financial costs of this policy package are modest, with an overall net cost increase of 0.3% a year across the economy, relative to current polici ...
Sustainability Insight
... • In February 2009 there were 38 signatories of the UCCCfS, constituting 60% of universities and colleges in Scotland • Each has committed to preparing and publishing a 5 year Climate Change Action Plan with targets and timescales to achieve significant reduction in emissions from all business activ ...
... • In February 2009 there were 38 signatories of the UCCCfS, constituting 60% of universities and colleges in Scotland • Each has committed to preparing and publishing a 5 year Climate Change Action Plan with targets and timescales to achieve significant reduction in emissions from all business activ ...
C
... a rather narrow range of models. Several important issues complicate the model validation process. First, identifying model errors is difficult because of the complex and sometimes poorly understood nature of climate itself, making it difficult to decide which of the many aspects of climate are impo ...
... a rather narrow range of models. Several important issues complicate the model validation process. First, identifying model errors is difficult because of the complex and sometimes poorly understood nature of climate itself, making it difficult to decide which of the many aspects of climate are impo ...
Scenario Planning for Solar Radiation Management
... kind of insurance policy in case mitigation efforts prove inadequate or the climate system starts exhibiting signs of severe instability. However, SRM is often seen—both by those who support research and those who oppose it—as laden with physical and political risks and uncertainties. While SRM is e ...
... kind of insurance policy in case mitigation efforts prove inadequate or the climate system starts exhibiting signs of severe instability. However, SRM is often seen—both by those who support research and those who oppose it—as laden with physical and political risks and uncertainties. While SRM is e ...
13_02 Unstable Climates
... or 25 years (short enough to enable large numbers of stations to calculate their normals), to 35 years (Brückner’s cycle) or even 50 years (to capture more of the inter-decadal variability of climate). In the end, the Climatology Commission of the IMO recommended, ‘… a period of 30 years as appropri ...
... or 25 years (short enough to enable large numbers of stations to calculate their normals), to 35 years (Brückner’s cycle) or even 50 years (to capture more of the inter-decadal variability of climate). In the end, the Climatology Commission of the IMO recommended, ‘… a period of 30 years as appropri ...
Selecting Ensemble Members to Provide Regional Climate Change
... geographical positioning of the monsoon and associated rainfall is unrealistic, projected changes in that system will be manifest as changes in an unrealistic position or time of year. The common practice of applying futureminus-baseline anomalies from model projections to observations to generate c ...
... geographical positioning of the monsoon and associated rainfall is unrealistic, projected changes in that system will be manifest as changes in an unrealistic position or time of year. The common practice of applying futureminus-baseline anomalies from model projections to observations to generate c ...
Document
... The fundamental problem in many countries such as Ethiopia is that a complete EWS, which generates knowledge of the risks (vulnerability & hazard), has capacity to monitor, analyze and forecast hazards, provides communication and dissemination of alerts and warnings, either does not exist or does no ...
... The fundamental problem in many countries such as Ethiopia is that a complete EWS, which generates knowledge of the risks (vulnerability & hazard), has capacity to monitor, analyze and forecast hazards, provides communication and dissemination of alerts and warnings, either does not exist or does no ...
The shape of things to come: why is climate change so predictable?
... the greater the uncertainty is about when that change will be realized. Another consequence of this slow growth is that further efforts to constrain climate sensitivity will be of very limited value for climate projections on societally-relevant time scales. Finally, it is demonstrated that the effe ...
... the greater the uncertainty is about when that change will be realized. Another consequence of this slow growth is that further efforts to constrain climate sensitivity will be of very limited value for climate projections on societally-relevant time scales. Finally, it is demonstrated that the effe ...
Spain - Met Office
... available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with human health. In this case, these impacts are strongly dependant on local factors and do not easily le ...
... available to the researchers in the project was used, unless there were good scientific reasons for not doing so. For example, some impacts areas were omitted, such as many of those associated with human health. In this case, these impacts are strongly dependant on local factors and do not easily le ...
- UNM Digital Repository
... Cloud and ocean interaction feedbacks from C0 2-induced warming have not yet been successfully incorporated into climate simulation models. Increasing cloudiness at low and middle altitudes could produce a negative, or cooling feedback, while an increase in high-altitude cloudiness could result in a ...
... Cloud and ocean interaction feedbacks from C0 2-induced warming have not yet been successfully incorporated into climate simulation models. Increasing cloudiness at low and middle altitudes could produce a negative, or cooling feedback, while an increase in high-altitude cloudiness could result in a ...
Full-Text
... temporally, socially, or geographically close to a person are more tangible and this experience results in greater likelihood to adapt to or mitigate the problem. This theory suggests that a firsthand encounter with Global-GAP’s integrated farm management skills trainings aimed at mainstreaming envi ...
... temporally, socially, or geographically close to a person are more tangible and this experience results in greater likelihood to adapt to or mitigate the problem. This theory suggests that a firsthand encounter with Global-GAP’s integrated farm management skills trainings aimed at mainstreaming envi ...
Ruddell et al. 2006
... avoided deforestation. It appears that forestry emission reduction projects will continue to be restricted from participating in offsetting GHG emissions associated with Kyoto Protocol compliance targets through 2012 - the first commitment period, within member countries. This is reflected in the Wo ...
... avoided deforestation. It appears that forestry emission reduction projects will continue to be restricted from participating in offsetting GHG emissions associated with Kyoto Protocol compliance targets through 2012 - the first commitment period, within member countries. This is reflected in the Wo ...
Climate change adaptation plan for the
... This first adaptation plan highlights our territory’s vulnerabilities to climate change. The impacts observed and anticipated on the population, infrastructures, the natural environment and all of the activities that take place on the island are undeniable. The sum of the data consolidated in this p ...
... This first adaptation plan highlights our territory’s vulnerabilities to climate change. The impacts observed and anticipated on the population, infrastructures, the natural environment and all of the activities that take place on the island are undeniable. The sum of the data consolidated in this p ...
Cosmic Rays, Carbon Dioxide, and Climate
... doubling of atmospheric CO concentration on tropical sea surface temperatures (SST) is likely to be 0.5°C (up to 1.9°C at 99% confidence),with global mean temperature changes about 1.5 times as large.Thus, they claim that the climate sensitivity to 2xCO is ~ 0.75°C, outside the Intergovernmental Pan ...
... doubling of atmospheric CO concentration on tropical sea surface temperatures (SST) is likely to be 0.5°C (up to 1.9°C at 99% confidence),with global mean temperature changes about 1.5 times as large.Thus, they claim that the climate sensitivity to 2xCO is ~ 0.75°C, outside the Intergovernmental Pan ...
Likelihood of rapidly increasing surface temperatures unaccompanied by strong warming
... of an unforced climate system. Control simulations allow no changes in atmospheric or other forcings over time and give some indication of natural climate variability in the absence of other influences. Control simulations were available for CGCM1, GISS and GFDL, and we examined these for signs that ...
... of an unforced climate system. Control simulations allow no changes in atmospheric or other forcings over time and give some indication of natural climate variability in the absence of other influences. Control simulations were available for CGCM1, GISS and GFDL, and we examined these for signs that ...
Rechtspraak.nl - Print uitspraak
... emissions to peak within 10 years. Similarly, limiting temperature increases to 2°C above preindustrial levels can only be reached at the lowest end of the concentration interval found in the scenarios of category I (i.e. about 450 ppmv CO2-eq using ‘best estimate’ assumptions). By comparison, using ...
... emissions to peak within 10 years. Similarly, limiting temperature increases to 2°C above preindustrial levels can only be reached at the lowest end of the concentration interval found in the scenarios of category I (i.e. about 450 ppmv CO2-eq using ‘best estimate’ assumptions). By comparison, using ...
adaptation to climate change: key terms
... In the last several years, the issue of adaptation to climate change has moved high on the UNFCCC negotiating agenda. Since COP 7, when three specific funds were created to support implementation of various measures that facilitate vulnerability assessment and adaptation, adaptation has become an in ...
... In the last several years, the issue of adaptation to climate change has moved high on the UNFCCC negotiating agenda. Since COP 7, when three specific funds were created to support implementation of various measures that facilitate vulnerability assessment and adaptation, adaptation has become an in ...
An Economic Analysis of Climate Adaptations to Hurricane Risk in St
... the expected benefits of these measures over the next few years.12 It might also be the case that individuals do not know what measures are cost-effective over a given period of time. This paper also evaluates the relative attractiveness of four alternative adaptation measures through benefit-cost a ...
... the expected benefits of these measures over the next few years.12 It might also be the case that individuals do not know what measures are cost-effective over a given period of time. This paper also evaluates the relative attractiveness of four alternative adaptation measures through benefit-cost a ...
PDF
... Those arguing to allow the economy ’flexibility’ to take advantage of future information are effectively making an option-value argument: there is a sunk cost associated with acting today, and we will know more tomorrow, so there is a value to waiting. However, there is also a potential cost to waiti ...
... Those arguing to allow the economy ’flexibility’ to take advantage of future information are effectively making an option-value argument: there is a sunk cost associated with acting today, and we will know more tomorrow, so there is a value to waiting. However, there is also a potential cost to waiti ...
For Peer Review - Climate Access
... In this paper however we will concentrate on recent analyses of communications about climate change and highlight some key findings. We provide an overview of a selection of government, citizen, and science-led approaches to climate change communication, identify trends in media portrayals of climat ...
... In this paper however we will concentrate on recent analyses of communications about climate change and highlight some key findings. We provide an overview of a selection of government, citizen, and science-led approaches to climate change communication, identify trends in media portrayals of climat ...
Increase of carbon cycle feedback with climate sensitivity
... of the conventionally accepted range (1.5 to 4.5 K per CO 2 doubling; IPCC, 2001). The land surface is more likely to damp the effects of CO 2 emissions if climate sensitivity is low, with carbon uptake by the biosphere dominated by CO 2 fertilization. Higher climate sensitivity is more likely to am ...
... of the conventionally accepted range (1.5 to 4.5 K per CO 2 doubling; IPCC, 2001). The land surface is more likely to damp the effects of CO 2 emissions if climate sensitivity is low, with carbon uptake by the biosphere dominated by CO 2 fertilization. Higher climate sensitivity is more likely to am ...
Positive feedback between future climate change
... significantly reduced as the Earth warms up, leaving larger CO2 fraction in the atmosphere and therefore enhancing the climate change. In order to further explore these effects, it should be given high priority to develop comprehensive models where physical climate system and carbon cycle are explicit ...
... significantly reduced as the Earth warms up, leaving larger CO2 fraction in the atmosphere and therefore enhancing the climate change. In order to further explore these effects, it should be given high priority to develop comprehensive models where physical climate system and carbon cycle are explicit ...
Global Warming—Hot Topic Getting Hotter
... passage of time, many will no longer be accessible, and in others, the content may change. ChemMatters cannot guarantee that all content will remain appropriate and/or relevant. The number of online resources related to the topics in this special issue of ChemMatters is nearly as vast as the subject ...
... passage of time, many will no longer be accessible, and in others, the content may change. ChemMatters cannot guarantee that all content will remain appropriate and/or relevant. The number of online resources related to the topics in this special issue of ChemMatters is nearly as vast as the subject ...