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climate change law: the emergence of a new legal discipline
climate change law: the emergence of a new legal discipline

... change that has marginalised (albeit not entirely silenced) climate change sceptics. For instance, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (‘IPCC’) — whose work is underpinned by the contributions of hundreds of scientists worldwide — released its Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report — Summar ...
Tilburg University Climate change adaptation
Tilburg University Climate change adaptation

... sustainable manner. Mitigation, according to the objective of the UNFCCC, is supposed to be successful so that ecosystems, food production, and the economy are more or less automatically kept as they were before. Fifteen years later, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) sounded the ...
Recognitions and Responsibilities - International Research Institute
Recognitions and Responsibilities - International Research Institute

... of climate change with specific places, especially the Arctic and low-lying islands. Public opinion polls in the United States and elsewhere (Leiserowitz 2005; Lorenzoni et al. 2006; Reynolds et al. 2010) show that people, when asked about climate change, express knowledge and concern about melting ...
Climate of the Past
Climate of the Past

... the impact of those uncertainties in the timing of land-cover changes, we have tested here another simple scenario in a new ensemble of 10 experiments. The crop fraction increases first linearly during the period 1000–1250 AD, reaching in 1250 AD the value imposed in 1450 AD in the standard scenario ...
Climate Change and Animals - Chicago Unbound
Climate Change and Animals - Chicago Unbound

... “protect natural habitats” regardless of the anticipated impact.10 The result of these omissions and stipulations is almost certainly to underestimate, by a large margin, the monetary cost of climate change. Consider the fact that in 2004 alone, federal, state, and local governments in the United St ...
The importance of biotic interactions for modelling species
The importance of biotic interactions for modelling species

... all three fruit fly species in comparison with those found in single-species clines. Under simulated warming, unexpected effects on the distribution and abundance of fruit fly species were produced, including the reversal of the species’ relative abundance at some temperatures. The authors concluded ...
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PDF

... positions that predominate in groups to which they belong and that more literate individuals can think their way to conclusions that are better for them as individuals but not necessarily better for society. Thus, it may be more informative to analyze climate change perceptions in the context of soc ...
Reef-Guardians-2016-Year-10-Climate-change
Reef-Guardians-2016-Year-10-Climate-change

... change projections. For example, the gender of turtle hatchlings is temperature determined; higher temperatures lead to an increased proportion of females. However, increased temperature is just one of the many impacts of climate change on the Reef. There are a number of other environmental changes ...
The Week That Was: 2015-11-28 (November 28, 2015) Brought to
The Week That Was: 2015-11-28 (November 28, 2015) Brought to

... changing local and regional climate. The scientific issue for COP-21 is to what extent are human emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) modifying natural global warming/climate change? Carbon dioxide is the dominant greenhouse gas emitted by humans into the atmosphere, therefore the focus of COP-21. Cu ...
Monitoring and evaluating climate change adaptation and
Monitoring and evaluating climate change adaptation and

... Climate change is one of the most important global issues, with broad and far reaching ecological, social, economic, and political impact. Uganda is already experiencing impacts of climate variability and climate change manifested through change of weather patterns and resultant disasters including ...
A Perspective of the Division of Labor
A Perspective of the Division of Labor

... Nordhaus, 1993; Stern, 2007). The benefit of fighting climate change, or of emission reduction, is defined as the climate change damage that is avoided. This is a problematic definition because it excludes the possibility that mitigation might drive the economy into a more competitive structure with ...
Briefing report
Briefing report

... our probabilistic estimates are robust to reasonable variations within these assumptions. ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED

... changes in their contribution to climate change, as the final output relies heavily on individuals and firms making changes to their economic behavior, which may come at a personal cost, even though the aggregate benefit to society may vastly outweigh the sum of the individual costs. In order to det ...
Climate change impact on meteorological, agricultural, and
Climate change impact on meteorological, agricultural, and

... Copyright 2011 by the American Geophysical Union. 0043-1397/11/2010WR009845 ...
What The Science Says: The trend in CO2 at Mauna Loa is
What The Science Says: The trend in CO2 at Mauna Loa is

... core data for CO2 levels before 1950. For values after 1950, direct measurements from Mauna Loa, Hawaii were used. ...
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263. Cass R. Sunstein, "The Availability Heuristic, Intuitive Cost

... precautions are produced, in large part, by availability, which operates in the context of social influences and intuitive attention to both costs and benefits. In the context of climate change, many Americans believe that far more would be lost than gained by extensive precautions; in Europe, the o ...
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... agriculture. Depending on the environmental, climatic, economic and socio-cultural niches they occupy, different types of agroforestry systems have arisen in different places. Some prominent examples that illustrate the diversity of agroforestry are the parkland systems of the Sahel, multistory home ...
Climate change, wine, and conservation
Climate change, wine, and conservation

... past climate change (9). Temperature and moisture regimes are among the primary elements of terroir (10, 11), with growing season temperature being particularly important in delimiting regions suitable for growing wine grapes (Vitis vinifera). Mediterranean climate regions (warm and dry summers; coo ...
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as a PDF

...  equally exposed to typhoons, although relatively low in flooding, but which registered high in overall vulnerability.  A closer look of other indicators of vulnerability showed that, Barangay Dayap is one of the highest in malnutrition rates which is indicative of high sensitivity to the impact o ...
Reliable Science: Overcoming Public Doubts in the Climate Change
Reliable Science: Overcoming Public Doubts in the Climate Change

... encompasses separate components, which include distinct elements and so on and so forth.32 For example, human systems encompass various economic, political and cultural subsystems.3 3 The climate's behavior reflects the collective interactions of these systems and subsystems, but not always in a lin ...
MRED 2001 research
MRED 2001 research

... in cold environments have mechanisms that allow them to photosynthesize at lower temperatures than other plants. BIOME3 therefore seems to underestimate photosynthesis in alpine plants, and NPP was then predicted to be very low or even zero. Moreover, the modeled vegetation distribution of BIOME3 is ...
Abstract Book The Human Side of Climate Change Bergen 16
Abstract Book The Human Side of Climate Change Bergen 16

... event, the underpinning causes, the immediate responses and effects on longer-term decision making. Extreme events are sometimes perceived as ‘unusual’ and infrequent within the lifespan of an individual, although historical accounts often provide tell-tale records of similar occurrences. This talk ...
Australian attitudes on climate change
Australian attitudes on climate change

... evolved. This year’s report builds off a quantitative poll conducted in early June and rolling qualitative research over the last 12 months. The 2012 research was conducted in the heat of the toxic and speculative debate leading up to the introduction of the carbon laws. A year later we find that tw ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Numerical models of atmosphere (and ocean) show sensitivity to initial conditions • For atmosphere practical limit of deterministic forecasts is 10 days. • Small uncertainties amplify and affect evolution of large-scale state • For climate purposes this means that future forecasts are probabilisti ...
Adapting to change – forming new habits
Adapting to change – forming new habits

... supplies, water reuse) are central to the region’s adaptation strategy. These actions are (a) consistent with the region’s requirements as its population grows in the coming 30 years and (b) will also assist with other key sectors in the Region that were not specifically addressed in this Plan (beca ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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