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... significant trends in the number of heavy precipitation events in some regions around the world. Several recent publications have confirmed that sea levels continue to rise globally (e.g., Parris et al., 2012) with higher local rates of rise in the Northeast U.S. (Sallenger et al., 2012). In New Yor ...
Follow-up Report - Ministry of Tourism
Follow-up Report - Ministry of Tourism

... more resilient to this challenge. One initiative of the TAP project is to launch 20 projects to increase the resilience of tourism operators and dependent local communities by identifying risk areas and proposing ways in which to mitigate these risks. The Building Partnerships for Climate Change for ...
global warming and global, climate changes
global warming and global, climate changes

... years before atmospheric CO2 rose, showing that climatic warming causes CO2 to rise, not vice versa. No doubt exists that the present high levels of atmospheric CO2 are the result of human input, but the contribution that it makes to global warming remains to be proven. Assertions by the ICPP and ot ...
China and South-South Scoping Assessment for
China and South-South Scoping Assessment for

... identify key opportunities and avenues for South-South learning on climate change adaptation and how to best channel resources to share China's and developing countries' experiences of integrating climate adaptation into the development process. Climate change is a real threat that faces the world t ...
Climate Change and Adaptation Options in Karamoja
Climate Change and Adaptation Options in Karamoja

... scale , directly or indirectly attributed to human activities that alter the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere, plus the natural variation observed over comparable periods of time, which persist for time scale of decades or longer. VI. Climate variability: the variations in the mean state and ot ...
curriculum vitae - u.arizona.edu
curriculum vitae - u.arizona.edu

... Schleser, Long tree-ring chronologies reveal 20th century increases in water-use efficiency but no enhancement of tree growth at five Iberian pine forests, Global Change Biology, 17(6), 2095–2112, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02373.x, 2011. Vaganov, E.A., K.J. Anchukaitis, and M.N. Evans, How well u ...
PLOS Biology - University of Hawaii
PLOS Biology - University of Hawaii

... warming and other climatic changes can trigger additional responses in connection to ocean circulation and stratification, which in turn reduce oxygen concentration [9,10] and primary productivity [11] (additional responses may include sea-level rise and extreme weather events, which we do not analy ...
Discourse analysis of media coverage of climate change
Discourse analysis of media coverage of climate change

... Because of this scientific uncertainty, the problem from a journalistic perspective is to convey the potential for anthropogenic climate change in a credible fashion to an audience accustomed to expect news to deal with actual current events rather than possible future events. In order to analyze ho ...
Selected International Legal Materials on Global Warming and
Selected International Legal Materials on Global Warming and

... race and development are in a competitive relationship, particularly in terms of resources, but also in the vital dimension of attitudes and perceptions." The same consideration applies to the vital issue of protecting the global atmospheric commons from the growing peril of climate change and other ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation

... 2011). During this period, average temperatures across Ontario increased by 0.7 to 1.1oC, with higher temperatures occurring in the Boreal and Hudson Bay Lowlands regions (Environment Canada, 2011). Projections for Ontario suggest that average annual air temperature will increase, but given the unce ...
climate change adaptation: a collective action
climate change adaptation: a collective action

... The buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and the likely growth in future emissions due to increased energy consumption in developing nations have convinced many scientists and policymakers of the need to develop policies that will allow adaptation to minimize the adverse effects of climate ...
Ethnographic Perspectives on Resilience To Climate Variability in
Ethnographic Perspectives on Resilience To Climate Variability in

... droughts, cyclones, floods and storm surges. Most analysts and modellers consider that these are increasing in intensity as a function of climate change, and droughts and floods are expected to increase in frequency as well.8 Successful adaptation to climate change requires understanding and enhance ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation

... 2011). During this period, average temperatures across Ontario increased by 0.7 to 1.1oC, with higher temperatures occurring in the Boreal and Hudson Bay Lowlands regions (Environment Canada, 2011). Projections for Ontario suggest that average annual air temperature will increase, but given the unce ...
Climate Change Adaptation Discussion Paper MS Word
Climate Change Adaptation Discussion Paper MS Word

... sectors), and this research supports the community feedback that was provided through Future Melbourne. Increasingly, climate change and urban growth and density are seen as connected. The feedback from Future Melbourne 2016 indicated strong community views that urban density would only increase cli ...
Paleoclimate Implications for Human-Made Climate Change
Paleoclimate Implications for Human-Made Climate Change

... conclusive, are consistent with a doubling time of 10 years or less, implying the possibility of multimeter sea level rise this century. Observed accelerating ice sheet mass loss supports our conclusion that Earth’s temperature now exceeds the mean Holocene value. Rapid reduction of fossil fuel emis ...
Climate Change
Climate Change

... contributed to a shift in the climate change debate, due mainly to its unanimous conclusions. It is now widely acknowledged that it is necessary to also focus on the need to adapt to climate change, and that this should take place simultaneously with the attempts to slow the growth of greenhouse gas ...
Paper on N 2 O as a ozone depleting substances
Paper on N 2 O as a ozone depleting substances

... concentrations have a moderate effect on the efficiency of N2O-caused ozone destruction. These results for the 1959 and 2000 Cly concentrations bracket the range expected for the rest of the 21st century; it shows that the N2O’s ozone destructiveness per emitted unit mass should increase by about 50 ...
The Framing of Fossil Fuels and Climate Change
The Framing of Fossil Fuels and Climate Change

... “For over the past 200 years, the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, and deforestation have caused the concentrations of heat-trapping “greenhouse gases” to increase significantly in our atmosphere … as the concentrations of these gases continue to increase in the atmosphere, the Earth’s ...
Met Office science strategy 2010–2015
Met Office science strategy 2010–2015

... endeavour. This is partly because the remarkable increase in skill of current weather forecasts has made society more and more dependent on them day to day for a whole range of decision making. And it is partly because climate change is now widely accepted and the realisation is growing rapidly that ...
Predicting population consequences of ocean climate
Predicting population consequences of ocean climate

... sites. In order to provide realistic forcing, the RCM was driven by boundary conditions from a fully coupled global climate model, the National Center for Atmosphere Research Climate System Model, which includes outputs from component dynamic atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land surface models (Dai ...
A semiparametric multivariate, multisite weather generator with
A semiparametric multivariate, multisite weather generator with

... approaches differ from more traditional top-down approaches that depend on a limited number of internally consistent climate scenarios to explore the range of potential climate change impacts [Christensen et al., 2004; Wiley and Palmer, 2008]. It has been argued that bottomup methods are better equi ...
V. Objectives of the Inter-Regional Technical Support Component
V. Objectives of the Inter-Regional Technical Support Component

... species, hunting, and deforestation. About half of the sub-humid and semi-arid parts of southern Africa are already at moderate to high risk of desertification. In West Africa, the long-term declines in rainfall from the 1970s to 1990s have caused a 25-35 km southward shift of the Sahel, Sudan, and ...
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services, and Climate Change
Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services, and Climate Change

... too will weeds, diseases and insect pests. More extreme increases in mean temperature and rainfall variability are both expected to reduce crop growth and yields. Forage quality in rangelands is expected to decline with increasing carbon dioxide concentration because of the effects it has on plant n ...
Public attitudes and behavior about climate change: what shapes
Public attitudes and behavior about climate change: what shapes

... transportation) needed to achieve a large (30-50%) reduction in society’s energy use. Among the reasons for this reluctance was unwillingness to abandon their present level of consumption and comfort. “You have to give up quite a bit of your comfort,” one group member said. The researchers comment: ...
A vulnerability driven approach to identify adverse climate and land
A vulnerability driven approach to identify adverse climate and land

... These bottom-up approaches are sometimes also termed decision scaling or context-first approaches. They can be used in a wide variety of problems and have proved very useful for decision making when projections of the future are highly uncertain [Moody and Brown, 2013; Kunreuther et al., 2013]. Lempe ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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