Arviat Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan
... Nunavummiut have a strong connection with the land and an intimate knowledge of local climate and weather patterns. Increasingly over the past few decades, impacts of climate change are being observed, including the introduction of new plants, mammals and insects, changes to sea ice conditions and r ...
... Nunavummiut have a strong connection with the land and an intimate knowledge of local climate and weather patterns. Increasingly over the past few decades, impacts of climate change are being observed, including the introduction of new plants, mammals and insects, changes to sea ice conditions and r ...
Climate change, the environment and armed con
... conflict is more complicated in reality. The Implications of Climate Change for Armed Conflict study commissioned by the World Bank for the “Social Dimensions of Climate Change” workshop [hereafter, World Bank Climate Change Study], stated that the expected implications of climate change will not ca ...
... conflict is more complicated in reality. The Implications of Climate Change for Armed Conflict study commissioned by the World Bank for the “Social Dimensions of Climate Change” workshop [hereafter, World Bank Climate Change Study], stated that the expected implications of climate change will not ca ...
Tried and tested: Learning from farmers on adaptation to
... provide a solid grounding for how best to adapt to current and future climate change. Many of these strategies and knowledge have been documented and supported by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) over the last 40 years, working alongside vulnerable communities and l ...
... provide a solid grounding for how best to adapt to current and future climate change. Many of these strategies and knowledge have been documented and supported by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) over the last 40 years, working alongside vulnerable communities and l ...
Climate change in Australia | Murray Basin cluster report
... of sophisticated global climate models (GCMs). GCMs are based on the laws of physics, and have been developed over many years in numerous centres around the world. These models are rigorously tested for their ability to reproduce past climate. The projections in this report primarily use output from ...
... of sophisticated global climate models (GCMs). GCMs are based on the laws of physics, and have been developed over many years in numerous centres around the world. These models are rigorously tested for their ability to reproduce past climate. The projections in this report primarily use output from ...
Cycles and trends in solar irradiance and climate
... Cycles and trends in solar irradiance and climate† Judith L. Lean∗ How—indeed whether—the Sun’s variable energy outputs influence Earth’s climate has engaged scientific curiosity for more than a century. Early evidence accrued from correlations of assorted solar and climate indices, and from recogni ...
... Cycles and trends in solar irradiance and climate† Judith L. Lean∗ How—indeed whether—the Sun’s variable energy outputs influence Earth’s climate has engaged scientific curiosity for more than a century. Early evidence accrued from correlations of assorted solar and climate indices, and from recogni ...
Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering
... Assessment Report, which stated that ‘‘It is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century.’’ ‘‘Extremely likely’’ is defined as with a greater than 95% probability of occurrence, using the expert judgment of the IPCC scientists. ...
... Assessment Report, which stated that ‘‘It is extremely likely that human influence has been the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century.’’ ‘‘Extremely likely’’ is defined as with a greater than 95% probability of occurrence, using the expert judgment of the IPCC scientists. ...
Evidence for a Rapid Global Climate Shift across the Late 1960s
... appear to be new, but their combined extent is global and dynamical linkages between them are evident. The list of affected variables includes patterns of SST; tropical rainfall in the African Sahel and Sudan, the Amazon basin, and northeast Brazil; pressure and SST in the tropical North Atlantic an ...
... appear to be new, but their combined extent is global and dynamical linkages between them are evident. The list of affected variables includes patterns of SST; tropical rainfall in the African Sahel and Sudan, the Amazon basin, and northeast Brazil; pressure and SST in the tropical North Atlantic an ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INCORPORATING CLIMATE UNCERTAINTY INTO ESTIMATES OF CLIMATE
... Using only a small subset of the available climate model ensemble might be more defensible if researchers drew their subset of models at random. For instance, given the distribution of temperature projections for U.S. agriculture, simple simulations suggest that two models drawn at random will, in e ...
... Using only a small subset of the available climate model ensemble might be more defensible if researchers drew their subset of models at random. For instance, given the distribution of temperature projections for U.S. agriculture, simple simulations suggest that two models drawn at random will, in e ...
GDI 12 – Warming Core
... are causing global warming. The thing is, when you peruse these lists, you find very few scientists who actually have expertise in climate science. So what do the experts think? A 2009 survey found that over 97% of actively publishing climate scientists are convinced humans are significantly changin ...
... are causing global warming. The thing is, when you peruse these lists, you find very few scientists who actually have expertise in climate science. So what do the experts think? A 2009 survey found that over 97% of actively publishing climate scientists are convinced humans are significantly changin ...
Potential Vegetation and Carbon Redistribution in Northern North
... to predict ecosystem type [1]. Holdrige’s diagram is considered the most iconic climate-ecosystem classification scheme and produced an ecosystem classification key based on temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration [4]. Thornthwaite used the variables precipitation effectiveness and temper ...
... to predict ecosystem type [1]. Holdrige’s diagram is considered the most iconic climate-ecosystem classification scheme and produced an ecosystem classification key based on temperature, precipitation, and evapotranspiration [4]. Thornthwaite used the variables precipitation effectiveness and temper ...
Proceedings WARMING UP SEMINAR
... Emissions from fossil fuel combustion are growing faster than GDP – even faster than energy use, implying both inefficiency and a shift to more carbon intensive fuels. Emissions from oil are currently the largest fossil fuel contributor, but emissions from use of coal have been the fastest growing ...
... Emissions from fossil fuel combustion are growing faster than GDP – even faster than energy use, implying both inefficiency and a shift to more carbon intensive fuels. Emissions from oil are currently the largest fossil fuel contributor, but emissions from use of coal have been the fastest growing ...
Climate Reconstruction from Subsurface Temperatures
... this increase has occurred in the twentieth century alone. ...
... this increase has occurred in the twentieth century alone. ...
CCWG - Vietnam Climate Finance Options
... the globe. The poorest inhabitants of our planet are among the most vulnerable, due to their lack of economic, environmental and social capacities to deal with the consequences of climate change. At the same time, development efforts can lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions, and thereby contribut ...
... the globe. The poorest inhabitants of our planet are among the most vulnerable, due to their lack of economic, environmental and social capacities to deal with the consequences of climate change. At the same time, development efforts can lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions, and thereby contribut ...
Synthesis paper: Perspectives on Loss and Damage
... degree of confidence. Furthermore, while studies are starting to explore the costs and benefits of adaptation, these are at an early stage, and the quantitative information and evidence on the limits of adaptation does not yet exist beyond a few exploratory studies. Th ...
... degree of confidence. Furthermore, while studies are starting to explore the costs and benefits of adaptation, these are at an early stage, and the quantitative information and evidence on the limits of adaptation does not yet exist beyond a few exploratory studies. Th ...
Climate Change Impacts and Vulnerability in the Eastern Himalayas
... Little is known in detail about the vulnerability of mountain ecosystems to climate change. Intuitively it seems plausible that these regions, where small changes in temperature can turn ice and snow to water, and where extreme slopes lead to rapid changes in climatic zones over small distances, wil ...
... Little is known in detail about the vulnerability of mountain ecosystems to climate change. Intuitively it seems plausible that these regions, where small changes in temperature can turn ice and snow to water, and where extreme slopes lead to rapid changes in climatic zones over small distances, wil ...
DOCX - World bank documents
... Turkmenistan’s aspiration to mainstream low-carbon, climate-resilient considerations into its broader sustainable development objectives. The government of Turkmenistan approved the National Climate Change Strategy in 2012 that lays out the policy framework for building climate resilience and low-em ...
... Turkmenistan’s aspiration to mainstream low-carbon, climate-resilient considerations into its broader sustainable development objectives. The government of Turkmenistan approved the National Climate Change Strategy in 2012 that lays out the policy framework for building climate resilience and low-em ...
PDF
... the likely changes in climate caused by increased concentration of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. Here, we will be brief, as current knowledge is well-summarized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (Parry et al. 2007). We then move on to the question of how such chang ...
... the likely changes in climate caused by increased concentration of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere. Here, we will be brief, as current knowledge is well-summarized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (Parry et al. 2007). We then move on to the question of how such chang ...
Greenhouse gas emissions and the role of the Kyoto Protocol
... Global warming is an important issue for all people in the world. Once greenhouse gases (GHGs) are generated, they accumulate in the atmosphere for a very long period. For this reason, the scope of their impact is not only limited to the present generation, but will continue to affect generations to ...
... Global warming is an important issue for all people in the world. Once greenhouse gases (GHGs) are generated, they accumulate in the atmosphere for a very long period. For this reason, the scope of their impact is not only limited to the present generation, but will continue to affect generations to ...
Climate and Air Quality - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... The most important ecosystem drivers of change in climate and air quality in the past two centuries have been deforestation (net CO2 emissions, net increase in surface albedo, and rainfall reduction), agricultural practices (increasing emissions of CH4, N2O, and other N gases), and biomass burning ( ...
... The most important ecosystem drivers of change in climate and air quality in the past two centuries have been deforestation (net CO2 emissions, net increase in surface albedo, and rainfall reduction), agricultural practices (increasing emissions of CH4, N2O, and other N gases), and biomass burning ( ...
Gary Yohe - Evaulating Adaptation Methods
... to adaptation option. Resources (Determinant 2) could be distributed differently across specific locations, but adaptive capacity may be more sensitive to larger scale distributional issues across different locations. The essential questions here focus on whether sufficient funds are available to pa ...
... to adaptation option. Resources (Determinant 2) could be distributed differently across specific locations, but adaptive capacity may be more sensitive to larger scale distributional issues across different locations. The essential questions here focus on whether sufficient funds are available to pa ...
The millennial atmospheric lifetime of anthropogenic CO2
... Received: 19 December 2006 / Published online: 4 June 2008 # The Author(s) 2008 ...
... Received: 19 December 2006 / Published online: 4 June 2008 # The Author(s) 2008 ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.