Challenges of a Sustained Climate Observing System
... influences on the system such as the sun, the Earth’s radiation budget, the Earth’s surface and changes in the climate system from human influences. Moreover, because the climate is changing from natural and human influences (IPCC 2007) it is an imperative to document what is happening, understand t ...
... influences on the system such as the sun, the Earth’s radiation budget, the Earth’s surface and changes in the climate system from human influences. Moreover, because the climate is changing from natural and human influences (IPCC 2007) it is an imperative to document what is happening, understand t ...
National Security and the Threat of Climate Change
... change, including setting targets for long term reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. 3. The U.S. should commit to global partnerships that help less developed nations build the capacity and resiliency to better manage climate impacts. As President Bush noted in his State of the Union speech, “Our ...
... change, including setting targets for long term reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. 3. The U.S. should commit to global partnerships that help less developed nations build the capacity and resiliency to better manage climate impacts. As President Bush noted in his State of the Union speech, “Our ...
Marine Science - Climate
... The potential implications of climate change for marine ecosystems, and goods and services derived from marine ecosystems, have prompted the formation of integrated interdisciplinary research partnerships to quantify these impacts in many regions throughout the world (Figure 1; Barange et al., 2011; ...
... The potential implications of climate change for marine ecosystems, and goods and services derived from marine ecosystems, have prompted the formation of integrated interdisciplinary research partnerships to quantify these impacts in many regions throughout the world (Figure 1; Barange et al., 2011; ...
a new report
... change, including setting targets for long term reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. 3. The U.S. should commit to global partnerships that help less developed nations build the capacity and resiliency to better manage climate impacts. As President Bush noted in his State of the Union speech, “Our ...
... change, including setting targets for long term reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. 3. The U.S. should commit to global partnerships that help less developed nations build the capacity and resiliency to better manage climate impacts. As President Bush noted in his State of the Union speech, “Our ...
Terms of Reference for the Climate Support Facility under the GCCA
... Climate change is of major concern to countries of the ACP Group, as expressed in a number of political declarations. The European Consensus of 2005 ensured that adaptation to the negative effects of climate change would be central to the Community's support of LDCs and SIDS (Part 2, Art. 76). In Se ...
... Climate change is of major concern to countries of the ACP Group, as expressed in a number of political declarations. The European Consensus of 2005 ensured that adaptation to the negative effects of climate change would be central to the Community's support of LDCs and SIDS (Part 2, Art. 76). In Se ...
Scientific aspects - Wageningen UR E
... change damage projections for the coming century. Ranges from 1-2% of EU GDP are projected for 2050, rising to 2-6% for 2100. We can conclude a number of things from these numbers. First, climate change impacts, even with relatively small degrees of warming will impose significant new costs on Europ ...
... change damage projections for the coming century. Ranges from 1-2% of EU GDP are projected for 2050, rising to 2-6% for 2100. We can conclude a number of things from these numbers. First, climate change impacts, even with relatively small degrees of warming will impose significant new costs on Europ ...
IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report
... Projected climate changes Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the climate system ...
... Projected climate changes Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the climate system ...
Intermodel variability of the poleward shift of the austral jet stream in
... dataset [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007] is used. We analysed output from the pre‐industrial control, 20C3M, and A2 scenario integrations for all models which archived both daily zonal winds as a function of height, and monthly zonal winds near the surface. This permitted use of 11 ...
... dataset [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2007] is used. We analysed output from the pre‐industrial control, 20C3M, and A2 scenario integrations for all models which archived both daily zonal winds as a function of height, and monthly zonal winds near the surface. This permitted use of 11 ...
Beyond the Tipping Point: Understanding Perceptions of Abrupt
... The critical threshold at which a system will inescapably fall into one of these strange attractors is called the bifurcation point, or, as it is now often popularly referred to in climate change discourses, the ‘‘tipping point’’ (see Russill and Nyssa 2009). The nonlinearity of the Earth’s climate ...
... The critical threshold at which a system will inescapably fall into one of these strange attractors is called the bifurcation point, or, as it is now often popularly referred to in climate change discourses, the ‘‘tipping point’’ (see Russill and Nyssa 2009). The nonlinearity of the Earth’s climate ...
global temperature trends
... The GMST has risen in the past fifteen years at a rate that is only onethird to one-half of the average over the second half of the twentieth century (see, for example, refs 1–5). This hiatus is not reproduced in most simulations with present-generation climate models, which instead over the period ...
... The GMST has risen in the past fifteen years at a rate that is only onethird to one-half of the average over the second half of the twentieth century (see, for example, refs 1–5). This hiatus is not reproduced in most simulations with present-generation climate models, which instead over the period ...
Deep uncertainty in long-term hurricane risk: Scenario generation and implications for future climate experiments
... exposed coastal regions (e.g. Pielke and Landsea, 1998; IPCC, 2012). There are indications that anthropogenic climate change (hereafter, referred to as climate change) may exacerbate hurricane risk in the future. There is an urgent need to consider future hurricane risk in long-term planning and pol ...
... exposed coastal regions (e.g. Pielke and Landsea, 1998; IPCC, 2012). There are indications that anthropogenic climate change (hereafter, referred to as climate change) may exacerbate hurricane risk in the future. There is an urgent need to consider future hurricane risk in long-term planning and pol ...
Vulnerability and Resilience in the Face of Climate Change: Current
... on impacts of climate change, vulnerability assessment continued the linear and quantitative approaches of that community’s studies, identifying, for example, land and people “at risk” from sea level rise. Interest in the extreme weather consequences of climate change attracted researchers who have ...
... on impacts of climate change, vulnerability assessment continued the linear and quantitative approaches of that community’s studies, identifying, for example, land and people “at risk” from sea level rise. Interest in the extreme weather consequences of climate change attracted researchers who have ...
- Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, Inc.
... and surface water temperatures, more volatile weather characterized by extreme precipitation events, decreases in duration and extremity of winter temperatures, and increases in duration of summer temperatures. Changes in climate and weather patterns are accelerating, with an expected increase in me ...
... and surface water temperatures, more volatile weather characterized by extreme precipitation events, decreases in duration and extremity of winter temperatures, and increases in duration of summer temperatures. Changes in climate and weather patterns are accelerating, with an expected increase in me ...
Major Issues with IPCC Report
... acted as peer-reviewers for each other’s work. [4] Of the 44 contributing authors, more than half have coauthored papers with the Lead Authors or Coordinating Lead Authors. The review editor of that chapter - who was also a Coordinating Lead Author for the corresponding chapter of the previous asses ...
... acted as peer-reviewers for each other’s work. [4] Of the 44 contributing authors, more than half have coauthored papers with the Lead Authors or Coordinating Lead Authors. The review editor of that chapter - who was also a Coordinating Lead Author for the corresponding chapter of the previous asses ...
GDI 12 – Warming Core – Final
... are causing global warming. The thing is, when you peruse these lists, you find very few scientists who actually have expertise in climate science. So what do the experts think? A 2009 survey found that over 97% of actively publishing climate scientists are convinced humans are significantly changin ...
... are causing global warming. The thing is, when you peruse these lists, you find very few scientists who actually have expertise in climate science. So what do the experts think? A 2009 survey found that over 97% of actively publishing climate scientists are convinced humans are significantly changin ...
Global Warming and Science
... strongest greenhouse gas. For these reasons and because the transition between the various phases absorb and release so much energy, water vapour is central to the climate and its variability and change. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis Section 1.1.2 The Climate System Artesian Geological R ...
... strongest greenhouse gas. For these reasons and because the transition between the various phases absorb and release so much energy, water vapour is central to the climate and its variability and change. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis Section 1.1.2 The Climate System Artesian Geological R ...
... ABSTRACT: Land cover changes (LCCs) play an important role in the climate system. Research over recent decades highlights the impacts of these changes on atmospheric temperature, humidity, cloud cover, circulation, and precipitation. These impacts range from the local- and regional-scale to sub-cont ...
Climate change - Time to act
... sources of energy must succeed. It is equally clear that the global climate goals can only be achieved if there is a global transition as regards transport, with new approaches to mobility and urban development being pursued. Forest protection, marine conservation and preserving biodiversity – safeg ...
... sources of energy must succeed. It is equally clear that the global climate goals can only be achieved if there is a global transition as regards transport, with new approaches to mobility and urban development being pursued. Forest protection, marine conservation and preserving biodiversity – safeg ...
Research paper: Improving Communication of Uncertainty in the
... important public-policy topic that merits immediate attention (CBS News & New York Times, 2007). Much of the disagreement between the two camps in this debate relates to the uncertainty surrounding the science of climate change and the projections of its models. Some critics of the IPCC use this unc ...
... important public-policy topic that merits immediate attention (CBS News & New York Times, 2007). Much of the disagreement between the two camps in this debate relates to the uncertainty surrounding the science of climate change and the projections of its models. Some critics of the IPCC use this unc ...
APPENDIX 1 - Curriculum Education and Training Program in
... Module 2.2 Climate Change in the Recent and Distant Past Participants will learn about changes in the earth’s climate in the recent and distant past. Emphasis will be on climate observations, trends, and evidence for anthropogenic climate change globally and in Africa, in the past 50-100 years. Part ...
... Module 2.2 Climate Change in the Recent and Distant Past Participants will learn about changes in the earth’s climate in the recent and distant past. Emphasis will be on climate observations, trends, and evidence for anthropogenic climate change globally and in Africa, in the past 50-100 years. Part ...
Climate Change Adaptation Roadmap
... hunger, poverty, and conflict. They will likely lead to food and water shortages, pandemic disease, disputes over refugees and resources, and destruction by natural disasters in regions across the globe. In our defense strategy, we refer to climate change as a “threat multiplier” because it has the ...
... hunger, poverty, and conflict. They will likely lead to food and water shortages, pandemic disease, disputes over refugees and resources, and destruction by natural disasters in regions across the globe. In our defense strategy, we refer to climate change as a “threat multiplier” because it has the ...
Rapporteurs Report (RapporteurReport2012)
... Various analyses have been performed to study the sea level variation such as El Nino, Pacific Warm Pool and Cold Tongue Index which appear to be mirrored each other while the El Nino followed the fluctuation of sea level anomaly. Easterly wind anomaly at 925-hPa over the SCS also showed consistent ...
... Various analyses have been performed to study the sea level variation such as El Nino, Pacific Warm Pool and Cold Tongue Index which appear to be mirrored each other while the El Nino followed the fluctuation of sea level anomaly. Easterly wind anomaly at 925-hPa over the SCS also showed consistent ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.