Role of CO2 and Southern Ocean winds in glacial abrupt climate
... et al., 2005). Its atmospheric component is a 2.5-dimensional statistical-dynamical model based on the assumption of a universal vertical structure of temperature and humidity in the atmosphere, with a horizontal resolution of 7.5◦ × 22.5◦ (Petoukhov et al., 2000). Its oceanic component contains the ...
... et al., 2005). Its atmospheric component is a 2.5-dimensional statistical-dynamical model based on the assumption of a universal vertical structure of temperature and humidity in the atmosphere, with a horizontal resolution of 7.5◦ × 22.5◦ (Petoukhov et al., 2000). Its oceanic component contains the ...
Simulated interannual variation in summertime atmospheric
... (AGCM). An ensemble experiment is conducted using observed sea surface temperature (SST) of recent 20 years as a lower boundary condition. The spatial pattern associated with the first principal mode of observation of geopotential height at 500 hPa is characterized by a meridional wavy pattern exten ...
... (AGCM). An ensemble experiment is conducted using observed sea surface temperature (SST) of recent 20 years as a lower boundary condition. The spatial pattern associated with the first principal mode of observation of geopotential height at 500 hPa is characterized by a meridional wavy pattern exten ...
Climate predictability - Institut Català de Ciències del Clima
... The atmosphere, as any dynamical system highly sensitive to initial conditions, has a finite limit of predictability. This threshold affects our ability to anticipate the evolution of the climate system at all timescales, from the forecast of interannual anomalies some months ahead to the study of t ...
... The atmosphere, as any dynamical system highly sensitive to initial conditions, has a finite limit of predictability. This threshold affects our ability to anticipate the evolution of the climate system at all timescales, from the forecast of interannual anomalies some months ahead to the study of t ...
The future is here: climate change in the Pacific
... As high per-capita emitters of greenhouse gases, Australia and New Zealand are among the developed nations collectively responsible for the damage that climate change has done to the Pacific. Consistent with the “polluter pays” principle2, Australia and New Zealand have a responsibility to fix the p ...
... As high per-capita emitters of greenhouse gases, Australia and New Zealand are among the developed nations collectively responsible for the damage that climate change has done to the Pacific. Consistent with the “polluter pays” principle2, Australia and New Zealand have a responsibility to fix the p ...
i4332e05
... of increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events), the adverse consequences are expected to accelerate as climate change accelerates. Climate change is likely to affect the agricultural sector more than any other sector, which means that populations that depend most on agriculture coul ...
... of increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events), the adverse consequences are expected to accelerate as climate change accelerates. Climate change is likely to affect the agricultural sector more than any other sector, which means that populations that depend most on agriculture coul ...
fair shares: a civil society equity review of indcs report
... devastating impacts.3 Exceeding 1.5°C will entail unacceptable consequences for billions of people and risks crossing irreversible tipping points. We can only emit a very small amount of greenhouse gases – an amount known as the ‘global carbon budget’ – if we wish to keep overall increases below 1.5 ...
... devastating impacts.3 Exceeding 1.5°C will entail unacceptable consequences for billions of people and risks crossing irreversible tipping points. We can only emit a very small amount of greenhouse gases – an amount known as the ‘global carbon budget’ – if we wish to keep overall increases below 1.5 ...
complete collection in -format
... Recently most respected peer-reviewed medical journals in Australia, US, and Britain have called for urgent action to reduce climate change. The chief scientist of the UK has described CC as “the most sever problem that we are facing today—more serious even than the threat of terrorism.” What does t ...
... Recently most respected peer-reviewed medical journals in Australia, US, and Britain have called for urgent action to reduce climate change. The chief scientist of the UK has described CC as “the most sever problem that we are facing today—more serious even than the threat of terrorism.” What does t ...
Signs of Climate Change in Nordic Nature
... world is also being affected by the impact of rising temperatures and changes in climatic conditions. In order to track such climate-related changes in Nordic ecosystems, we have identified a number of climate change sensitive indicators. We present a catalogue of 14 indicators that demonstrates the ...
... world is also being affected by the impact of rising temperatures and changes in climatic conditions. In order to track such climate-related changes in Nordic ecosystems, we have identified a number of climate change sensitive indicators. We present a catalogue of 14 indicators that demonstrates the ...
The Promises and Perils of Geoengineering Simon Nicholson
... field trials that have been undertaken have given mixed results. In one early trial, iron dumped into the South Atlantic did indeed trigger a plankton bloom. However, most of the additional plankton was eaten by a swarm of shrimp before it reached the bottom of the ocean. Ocean seeding, as with all ...
... field trials that have been undertaken have given mixed results. In one early trial, iron dumped into the South Atlantic did indeed trigger a plankton bloom. However, most of the additional plankton was eaten by a swarm of shrimp before it reached the bottom of the ocean. Ocean seeding, as with all ...
the Report - ULI Europe
... • Sustaining a diverse global network of local practice and advisory efforts that address current and future challenges. Established in 1936, the Institute today has more than 30,000 members worldwide, representing the entire spectrum of the land use and development disciplines. ULI relies heavily ...
... • Sustaining a diverse global network of local practice and advisory efforts that address current and future challenges. Established in 1936, the Institute today has more than 30,000 members worldwide, representing the entire spectrum of the land use and development disciplines. ULI relies heavily ...
Impact of Climate Change and Human Activity on the Runoff
... 101°41'— 104°16'E and 36°29'— 39°27'N(Fig.1). The basin is situated in the inland with dry climate, scarce precipitation, intensive evaporation, water shortage, and extremely fragile ecological environment. The basin spans three climatic zones from south to north, which includes the southern cold se ...
... 101°41'— 104°16'E and 36°29'— 39°27'N(Fig.1). The basin is situated in the inland with dry climate, scarce precipitation, intensive evaporation, water shortage, and extremely fragile ecological environment. The basin spans three climatic zones from south to north, which includes the southern cold se ...
teaching manual - Live and Learn
... Located in Southeast Asia, a region familiar with extreme weather, Vietnam is regarded as one of the countries most heavily impacted by, and vulnerable to, natural disasters and climate change. In recent years, the Vietnamese government has developed guidelines and policies in order to enhance its c ...
... Located in Southeast Asia, a region familiar with extreme weather, Vietnam is regarded as one of the countries most heavily impacted by, and vulnerable to, natural disasters and climate change. In recent years, the Vietnamese government has developed guidelines and policies in order to enhance its c ...
Saturation of the terrestrial carbon sink
... to ambient levels (Jasoni et al. 2005). These examples illustrate that a variety of responses of NEP to CO2 can occur in different ecosystems. In summary, ecosystem responses to large step increases of CO2 concentration can show a strong saturation behavior driven by resource limitation. Plant growt ...
... to ambient levels (Jasoni et al. 2005). These examples illustrate that a variety of responses of NEP to CO2 can occur in different ecosystems. In summary, ecosystem responses to large step increases of CO2 concentration can show a strong saturation behavior driven by resource limitation. Plant growt ...
Climate change impacts on the livestock sector
... This report considers the issue of climate change adaptation as it applies to the UK livestock sector comprising the beef, dairy, sheep, pigs and poultry industries. Beyond an understanding of direct impacts from warming, a key policy consideration relates to indirect or ancillary costs that might ...
... This report considers the issue of climate change adaptation as it applies to the UK livestock sector comprising the beef, dairy, sheep, pigs and poultry industries. Beyond an understanding of direct impacts from warming, a key policy consideration relates to indirect or ancillary costs that might ...
1 - WMO
... The efficient operation of the GCOS surface and upper air network is important for the achievement of the goal of the GCOS programme which is to facilitate improvement in climate observations leading to better: Climate system monitoring, climate change detection and assessment of impacts of climat ...
... The efficient operation of the GCOS surface and upper air network is important for the achievement of the goal of the GCOS programme which is to facilitate improvement in climate observations leading to better: Climate system monitoring, climate change detection and assessment of impacts of climat ...
Climate: Observations, projections and impacts: South Korea
... reports – led by the Met Office Hadley Centre in collaboration with many institutes and scientists around the world – aim to provide useful, up to date and impartial information, based on the best climate science now available. This new scientific material will also contribute to the next assessment ...
... reports – led by the Met Office Hadley Centre in collaboration with many institutes and scientists around the world – aim to provide useful, up to date and impartial information, based on the best climate science now available. This new scientific material will also contribute to the next assessment ...
With Speed and Violence Fred Pearce
... or the depredations of humans, it lurches—virtually overnight. We humans have spent 400 generations building our current civilization in an era of climatic stability—a long, generally balmy spring that has endured since the last ice age. But this tranquility looks like the exception rather than the ...
... or the depredations of humans, it lurches—virtually overnight. We humans have spent 400 generations building our current civilization in an era of climatic stability—a long, generally balmy spring that has endured since the last ice age. But this tranquility looks like the exception rather than the ...
Perceptions of Climate Change Adaptation from the Great Lakes
... Katherine Kahl, Patrick J. Doran In response to observed and projected changes in climate, efforts to promote climate change adaptation to key stakeholder groups have been rapidly increasing. To help us understand the perceptions of resource managers in the Great Lakes region, we conducted a Web-bas ...
... Katherine Kahl, Patrick J. Doran In response to observed and projected changes in climate, efforts to promote climate change adaptation to key stakeholder groups have been rapidly increasing. To help us understand the perceptions of resource managers in the Great Lakes region, we conducted a Web-bas ...
Adaptation Planning – What U.S. States and Localities are Doing
... The scientific community has reached a strong consensus that the climate is changing. Current projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicate the continental United States can expect temperature increases of between 5.4ºF and 12.6ºF by the year 2100.1 This warming will h ...
... The scientific community has reached a strong consensus that the climate is changing. Current projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicate the continental United States can expect temperature increases of between 5.4ºF and 12.6ºF by the year 2100.1 This warming will h ...
Chicago Area Climate Change Quick Guide
... and Texas Tech University to analyze what climate change impacts on Chicago could be, and then hired MWH, an engineering consulting firm, to use this research to develop a methodology and recommended actions to help the City prepare for a changing climate. The City asked MWH to create a planning doc ...
... and Texas Tech University to analyze what climate change impacts on Chicago could be, and then hired MWH, an engineering consulting firm, to use this research to develop a methodology and recommended actions to help the City prepare for a changing climate. The City asked MWH to create a planning doc ...
Visualizing Future Climate in Latin America
... Coral bleaching has been documented under the World Bank-implemented Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Climate Change. These efforts continue under the follow-up initiative, Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change. As part of these efforts, the Caribbean Community Climate Change Center, with c ...
... Coral bleaching has been documented under the World Bank-implemented Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Climate Change. These efforts continue under the follow-up initiative, Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change. As part of these efforts, the Caribbean Community Climate Change Center, with c ...
CURRICULUM VITAE Personal data Academic background
... coordinator and author of the British Embassy-UNDP national study: “Perception of climate change of the Costarican Population” as an input for the national communication strategy on climate change. •! Co-organizer and member of the scientific committee of the First Latin American Seminar on “Adaptat ...
... coordinator and author of the British Embassy-UNDP national study: “Perception of climate change of the Costarican Population” as an input for the national communication strategy on climate change. •! Co-organizer and member of the scientific committee of the First Latin American Seminar on “Adaptat ...
CHAPTER 2 OUR CHANGING CLIMATE Climate Change Impacts in the United States
... most of this increase has occurred since about 1970. The most recent decade was the nation’s warmest on record. Temperatures in the United States are expected to continue to rise. Because human-induced warming is superimposed on a naturally varying climate, the temperature rise has not been, a ...
... most of this increase has occurred since about 1970. The most recent decade was the nation’s warmest on record. Temperatures in the United States are expected to continue to rise. Because human-induced warming is superimposed on a naturally varying climate, the temperature rise has not been, a ...
Australia`s Energy Sector – Drivers for Change
... 6. Over the next one hundred years many Australians will be at risk from sea level rises. The IPCC warns that that 1 cm rise in sea level erodes beaches about 1 m horizontally.19 Therefore, even the lower end of the IPCC predictions, 9 cm is likely to result in as much as 9 m of eroded beach and coa ...
... 6. Over the next one hundred years many Australians will be at risk from sea level rises. The IPCC warns that that 1 cm rise in sea level erodes beaches about 1 m horizontally.19 Therefore, even the lower end of the IPCC predictions, 9 cm is likely to result in as much as 9 m of eroded beach and coa ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.