Managing Coastal Vulnerability under Climate Change
... (31). One of the direct consequences is the reduction in the extent and duration of near-shore seaice coverage in polar and subpolar regions. This is already occurring, leading to increased wave exposure of shorelines and substantial changes in sea-ice-dependent ecosystems (32, 33), including shift ...
... (31). One of the direct consequences is the reduction in the extent and duration of near-shore seaice coverage in polar and subpolar regions. This is already occurring, leading to increased wave exposure of shorelines and substantial changes in sea-ice-dependent ecosystems (32, 33), including shift ...
2. Scope of a possible GMES Climate Change Contribution
... change scenarios at the regional or even local levels are needed, and at the appropriate scale. Thus the above requirements on the past to present state of the climate system will in principle also apply to forward-looking studies. However, there will be limitations on some of the aspects, due to li ...
... change scenarios at the regional or even local levels are needed, and at the appropriate scale. Thus the above requirements on the past to present state of the climate system will in principle also apply to forward-looking studies. However, there will be limitations on some of the aspects, due to li ...
Breaking down the tropospheric circulation response by forcing
... noted an approximate linearity of the climate response to ozone and greenhouse gas forcings. However, P10 investigated 50-year time-slice simulations; longer simulations would be desirable for filtering natural climate variability. In addition, P10 did not separate the direct radiative effects of g ...
... noted an approximate linearity of the climate response to ozone and greenhouse gas forcings. However, P10 investigated 50-year time-slice simulations; longer simulations would be desirable for filtering natural climate variability. In addition, P10 did not separate the direct radiative effects of g ...
Assessing Current Climate Risks
... tem, climate drivers may include accumulated rainfall and evaporation, if supply is being addressed, or rainfall intensity and duration, if flooding is being addressed. On a coastline, climate variables contributing to storm surge, tidal regimes and sea level anomalies may be linked to thresholds re ...
... tem, climate drivers may include accumulated rainfall and evaporation, if supply is being addressed, or rainfall intensity and duration, if flooding is being addressed. On a coastline, climate variables contributing to storm surge, tidal regimes and sea level anomalies may be linked to thresholds re ...
Nunavut`s Natural Environment - Nunavut Climate Change Centre
... Changes in landscape due to permafrost thaw, slumps, and heaves may make migratory routes difficult for animals. ...
... Changes in landscape due to permafrost thaw, slumps, and heaves may make migratory routes difficult for animals. ...
argue - DLR ELIB
... models will be required to define these total emission paths; the metrics will then be used to allow signatories to any agreements to decide how they will implement their responsibilities (i.e. which emissions they choose to abate). The current situation in terms of the legislative use of metrics in ...
... models will be required to define these total emission paths; the metrics will then be used to allow signatories to any agreements to decide how they will implement their responsibilities (i.e. which emissions they choose to abate). The current situation in terms of the legislative use of metrics in ...
Vegetation–climate feedbacks modulate rainfall patterns in Africa
... feedbacks operate locally and may also generate teleconnections via heat and moisture advection, leading to altered atmospheric circulation (e.g. Avissar and Werth, 2005; Nogherotto et al., 2013). Previous studies have shown the importance of vegetation-mediated biophysical feedbacks for the past (e ...
... feedbacks operate locally and may also generate teleconnections via heat and moisture advection, leading to altered atmospheric circulation (e.g. Avissar and Werth, 2005; Nogherotto et al., 2013). Previous studies have shown the importance of vegetation-mediated biophysical feedbacks for the past (e ...
2012 Gulf Coast Climate Change Survey
... change, including perceptions of changes in their local climate, individual adaptation, and local government response. Situated in communities grappling with often severe weather events (e.g., hurricanes, droughts, and flooding) as well as long-term issues like coastal wetlands loss and erosion, the ...
... change, including perceptions of changes in their local climate, individual adaptation, and local government response. Situated in communities grappling with often severe weather events (e.g., hurricanes, droughts, and flooding) as well as long-term issues like coastal wetlands loss and erosion, the ...
Migration in the context of vulnerability and adaptation to climate
... Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Clim Change 2010 1 450–461 ...
... Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Clim Change 2010 1 450–461 ...
Planning for Climate Change in the West
... models, which allow scientists to separate the natural variability in the Earth’s climate from changes explained by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, that raise the level of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the air. In preparing the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ...
... models, which allow scientists to separate the natural variability in the Earth’s climate from changes explained by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, that raise the level of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the air. In preparing the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate ...
A SUCCESSOR FOR THE KYOTO PROTOCOL
... Section two investigates the events that led to the landmark Conference of the Parties, in Kyoto in 1997, which successfully negotiated the terms of the Kyoto Protocol. In doing so, it covers the history of global warming, as well as the political changes that led to the formation of the United Nati ...
... Section two investigates the events that led to the landmark Conference of the Parties, in Kyoto in 1997, which successfully negotiated the terms of the Kyoto Protocol. In doing so, it covers the history of global warming, as well as the political changes that led to the formation of the United Nati ...
What is Climate Change and How it will effect Bangladesh?
... of a greenhouse warms. The Greenhouse Effect can also be likened to being under a blanket in the sunshine; the body under the blanket will heat up and the blanket will keep the heat from escaping causing warming. 1.2.2 The earth‟s climate is driven by this continuous flow of energy from the sun, mai ...
... of a greenhouse warms. The Greenhouse Effect can also be likened to being under a blanket in the sunshine; the body under the blanket will heat up and the blanket will keep the heat from escaping causing warming. 1.2.2 The earth‟s climate is driven by this continuous flow of energy from the sun, mai ...
Climate: Observations, projections and impacts
... • The potential impacts of climate change, based on results from the UK’s Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change programme (AVOID) and supporting literature. For details visit: http://www.avoid.uk.net The assessment of impacts at the national level, both for the AVOID programme results and the cited supp ...
... • The potential impacts of climate change, based on results from the UK’s Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change programme (AVOID) and supporting literature. For details visit: http://www.avoid.uk.net The assessment of impacts at the national level, both for the AVOID programme results and the cited supp ...
The Status of Climate Change Data: A Case Study for
... the usefulness of data in informing adaptation strategies. It involves the use of downscaled climate data through various sources for the development of future scenarios of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. In Trinidad and Tobago, the most vulnerable sectors were found to be agricultur ...
... the usefulness of data in informing adaptation strategies. It involves the use of downscaled climate data through various sources for the development of future scenarios of the most vulnerable sectors to climate change. In Trinidad and Tobago, the most vulnerable sectors were found to be agricultur ...
The age of consequences—the foreign policy and national security
... threats are linked to energy use in the industrialized world, and, indeed, the solutions to both depend on transforming the world’s energy economy — America’s energy economy in particular. The security community must come to grips with these linkages, because dealing with ...
... threats are linked to energy use in the industrialized world, and, indeed, the solutions to both depend on transforming the world’s energy economy — America’s energy economy in particular. The security community must come to grips with these linkages, because dealing with ...
The Age of Consequences - The Web site cannot be found
... threats are linked to energy use in the industrialized world, and, indeed, the solutions to both depend on transforming the world’s energy economy — America’s energy economy in particular. The security community must come to grips with these linkages, because dealing with ...
... threats are linked to energy use in the industrialized world, and, indeed, the solutions to both depend on transforming the world’s energy economy — America’s energy economy in particular. The security community must come to grips with these linkages, because dealing with ...
Mainstreaming Climate Change in CAADP processes in
... Climate change has become an important phenomenon that is affecting development worldwide. Among the sectors that have become most affected by climate change is that of agriculture. This paper will therefore explore some of the recent developments and debates taking place in Malawi in as far as clim ...
... Climate change has become an important phenomenon that is affecting development worldwide. Among the sectors that have become most affected by climate change is that of agriculture. This paper will therefore explore some of the recent developments and debates taking place in Malawi in as far as clim ...
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
... War regime were responsible for the vast majority of internal displacements of people. It is remarkable that during the first fifty years of the 20th century, most of the people displacements were hosted in Europe, Russia and China, whereas during the last fifty years of that century, the displaceme ...
... War regime were responsible for the vast majority of internal displacements of people. It is remarkable that during the first fifty years of the 20th century, most of the people displacements were hosted in Europe, Russia and China, whereas during the last fifty years of that century, the displaceme ...
What is Climate Change and How it will effect
... of a greenhouse warms. The Greenhouse Effect can also be likened to being under a blanket in the sunshine; the body under the blanket will heat up and the blanket will keep the heat from escaping causing warming. 1.2.2 The earth’s climate is driven by this continuous flow of energy from the sun, mai ...
... of a greenhouse warms. The Greenhouse Effect can also be likened to being under a blanket in the sunshine; the body under the blanket will heat up and the blanket will keep the heat from escaping causing warming. 1.2.2 The earth’s climate is driven by this continuous flow of energy from the sun, mai ...
Warming Impact—Disease - Open Evidence Archive
... gases and an enhanced greenhouse effect. They also show that recent, long term changes are inconsistent with a range of natural causes. A warming world is obviously the most profound piece of evidence. Here in Australia, the decade ending in 2010 has easily been the warmest since record keeping bega ...
... gases and an enhanced greenhouse effect. They also show that recent, long term changes are inconsistent with a range of natural causes. A warming world is obviously the most profound piece of evidence. Here in Australia, the decade ending in 2010 has easily been the warmest since record keeping bega ...
Adapting to Climate Change - City of Sydney
... their final project report (see Appendix A, p. 62): “The similarity in direction, magnitude and range of results across the SimCLIM, NARCliM and OEH impact profile datasets mean that the City can have confidence in the climate projections used throughout the risk assessment process of the project. T ...
... their final project report (see Appendix A, p. 62): “The similarity in direction, magnitude and range of results across the SimCLIM, NARCliM and OEH impact profile datasets mean that the City can have confidence in the climate projections used throughout the risk assessment process of the project. T ...
WETLANDS, CARBON STORAGE, AND FUTURE CLIMATE
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has estimated that global surface air temperatures will increase another 2-8F in the next hundred years with a “best guess” increase of 3.5 degrees by 2100. The most significant increases will occur in the northern latitudes. The temperature of wetlan ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has estimated that global surface air temperatures will increase another 2-8F in the next hundred years with a “best guess” increase of 3.5 degrees by 2100. The most significant increases will occur in the northern latitudes. The temperature of wetlan ...
unhedgeable risk: how climate change sentiment impacts investment
... 2014). Financial markets, however, could show the impact of risk aggregation much sooner as the effects of climate change will be driven by the projections of likely future impacts, changing regulation, and shifting market sentiment. Therefore, investors should not be deterred from identifying and m ...
... 2014). Financial markets, however, could show the impact of risk aggregation much sooner as the effects of climate change will be driven by the projections of likely future impacts, changing regulation, and shifting market sentiment. Therefore, investors should not be deterred from identifying and m ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.