Publication: Hydrologic Impacts of Climate Change on the Nile River
... humid equatorial to seasonally arid and sub-tropical Mediterranean and varying because all these climates exhibit differing degrees of temporal and spatial variability. At the sub-regional scale, Africa is vulnerable to ENSO and related extreme events (drought, floods, and changes in hydrologic patt ...
... humid equatorial to seasonally arid and sub-tropical Mediterranean and varying because all these climates exhibit differing degrees of temporal and spatial variability. At the sub-regional scale, Africa is vulnerable to ENSO and related extreme events (drought, floods, and changes in hydrologic patt ...
Fourth Carbon Budget Review – part 1
... • The latest evidence generally gives more confidence in the reality of climate change, in its cause and in projections for the future. For example, the IPCC’s Fifth Assessment concludes that warming of the climate system since the mid-20th Century is unequivocal, and it is extremely likely that hu ...
... • The latest evidence generally gives more confidence in the reality of climate change, in its cause and in projections for the future. For example, the IPCC’s Fifth Assessment concludes that warming of the climate system since the mid-20th Century is unequivocal, and it is extremely likely that hu ...
National Park Service - Montana State University
... and ultimately changes in plant community composition, structure, and function that may constitute novel vegetation assemblages. This poses significant challenges for developing management plans, but should not deter an adaptive management approach that allows for reassessment and modification of ma ...
... and ultimately changes in plant community composition, structure, and function that may constitute novel vegetation assemblages. This poses significant challenges for developing management plans, but should not deter an adaptive management approach that allows for reassessment and modification of ma ...
National Park Service
... The climate change scenario planning process does not end with these workshops, reports, and presentations. Rather, this living process is intended to stimulate creative thinking to address changing but still undetermined future environmental and socio-political future conditions. The process should ...
... The climate change scenario planning process does not end with these workshops, reports, and presentations. Rather, this living process is intended to stimulate creative thinking to address changing but still undetermined future environmental and socio-political future conditions. The process should ...
Seager and Battisti, 2007
... Greenland and Antarctica have been well described by Wunsch (2003). The problem can be seen in Figure 1, which is reproduced in that paper from the original of Blunier and Brook (2001). The δ 18 O content of ice in the Greenland core shows frequent rapid drops and even more dramatic increases throug ...
... Greenland and Antarctica have been well described by Wunsch (2003). The problem can be seen in Figure 1, which is reproduced in that paper from the original of Blunier and Brook (2001). The δ 18 O content of ice in the Greenland core shows frequent rapid drops and even more dramatic increases throug ...
F_Green_Nationally_Self_Interested_Climate_Change_Mitigation (opens in new window)
... LSE public event on International Cooperation and Climate Change on 23 June 2015. Finally, I am indebted to Nick Stern, with whom I have had the great privilege of working over the last 18 months, and who has done more than anyone to build the insights on which this paper draws. Any errors or omissi ...
... LSE public event on International Cooperation and Climate Change on 23 June 2015. Finally, I am indebted to Nick Stern, with whom I have had the great privilege of working over the last 18 months, and who has done more than anyone to build the insights on which this paper draws. Any errors or omissi ...
Impacts of thermohaline circulation shutdown in the twenty
... to sample completely. Based on the current evidence a full or partial THC collapse in the next 100 years can currently not be completely ruled out (Wood et al. 2003). It is known from modelling studies that under pre-industrial climate conditions a large disruption of the THC would cool the Northern ...
... to sample completely. Based on the current evidence a full or partial THC collapse in the next 100 years can currently not be completely ruled out (Wood et al. 2003). It is known from modelling studies that under pre-industrial climate conditions a large disruption of the THC would cool the Northern ...
Efficient Adaptation to Climate Change
... aggressive policies to begin to curb emissions, greenhouse gases are nonetheless expected to continue to grow (Houghton et al., 1996). Whether the world’s governments settle on strict abatement policies or no policies at all, one issue every country in the world must face is how to adapt to the futu ...
... aggressive policies to begin to curb emissions, greenhouse gases are nonetheless expected to continue to grow (Houghton et al., 1996). Whether the world’s governments settle on strict abatement policies or no policies at all, one issue every country in the world must face is how to adapt to the futu ...
Framing Strategies to Minimize Impacts on Pennsylvania
... Figure 1. Projected changes to the “heat index” in Pennsylvania (source: UCS, 2008). In addition to the recommendations for emission reductions, DEP emphasizes the need to address adaptation to climate change in Pennsylvania, which was not included within the scope of Act 70. Both the Climate Change ...
... Figure 1. Projected changes to the “heat index” in Pennsylvania (source: UCS, 2008). In addition to the recommendations for emission reductions, DEP emphasizes the need to address adaptation to climate change in Pennsylvania, which was not included within the scope of Act 70. Both the Climate Change ...
Production and release of a V0
... maker in mind. Because the effects of climate change will grow progressively more serious, the report assesses both the current situation (Chapter 1) and plausible scenarios of the future (Chapter 2) with focus on the most affected and vulnerable regions and populations. Second it should assess the ...
... maker in mind. Because the effects of climate change will grow progressively more serious, the report assesses both the current situation (Chapter 1) and plausible scenarios of the future (Chapter 2) with focus on the most affected and vulnerable regions and populations. Second it should assess the ...
On the interpretation of inter-model spread in CMIP5 climate
... Here, we assume that the adjustments to CO2 are negative (Fadj−co2 < 0). The intercept at ∆Ts = ∆Ts,0 (red cross) represents the adjusted radiative forcing estimated from fixed-SST experiments, in which the land surface temperature is allowed to adjust by ∆Ts,0 to increased CO2 , while holding the S ...
... Here, we assume that the adjustments to CO2 are negative (Fadj−co2 < 0). The intercept at ∆Ts = ∆Ts,0 (red cross) represents the adjusted radiative forcing estimated from fixed-SST experiments, in which the land surface temperature is allowed to adjust by ∆Ts,0 to increased CO2 , while holding the S ...
Case study: Guatemala - CIAT-DAPA
... Figure 7: Climate trend summary 2030 and 2050 for Guatemalan Highlands ........................................... 15 Figure 8: Mean annual precipitation change by 2030 for 5 study sites in Guatemala. .............................. 16 Figure 9: Mean annual precipitation change by 2050 for 5 study si ...
... Figure 7: Climate trend summary 2030 and 2050 for Guatemalan Highlands ........................................... 15 Figure 8: Mean annual precipitation change by 2030 for 5 study sites in Guatemala. .............................. 16 Figure 9: Mean annual precipitation change by 2050 for 5 study si ...
The Need for (and Obstacles to) Regional Collective Action in Climate Adaptation
... the threats of climate change (and has emphasized planning more than action). For example, all 45 NAPAs filed through the end of 2010 have focused on steps that might be taken at the national level to adapt to climate change and on priority adaptation projects within the jurisdictional boundaries of ...
... the threats of climate change (and has emphasized planning more than action). For example, all 45 NAPAs filed through the end of 2010 have focused on steps that might be taken at the national level to adapt to climate change and on priority adaptation projects within the jurisdictional boundaries of ...
A Stitch in Time: Lessons for Climate Change Adaptation from the
... production of food and our supplies of water, reduce our incomes, damage our homes and property, impact our health, even take our lives. Humans, in an unintended revenge, are getting back at the climate by adding to heat trapping gases in the Earth’s atmosphere that are changing the climate. But the ...
... production of food and our supplies of water, reduce our incomes, damage our homes and property, impact our health, even take our lives. Humans, in an unintended revenge, are getting back at the climate by adding to heat trapping gases in the Earth’s atmosphere that are changing the climate. But the ...
Fritz Reusswig, Lutz Meyer-Ohlendorf Social Representation of
... or ‘reliable’, and so forth. Far from being simply a secondary phenomenon, the ‘representation’ of an object (weather or climate) seems to be not only the first thing we can get hold of, it seems also to be the only thing we can seriously grasp. Every claim that, for example, ‘out there’ we can find s ...
... or ‘reliable’, and so forth. Far from being simply a secondary phenomenon, the ‘representation’ of an object (weather or climate) seems to be not only the first thing we can get hold of, it seems also to be the only thing we can seriously grasp. Every claim that, for example, ‘out there’ we can find s ...
Quantitative Assessment of Climate Carrying Capacity for Cities: A
... on ecological carrying capacity, water resources carrying capacity, land carrying capacity, population carrying capacity, and environmental carrying capacity. However, such research has often treated the climate condition as a stable background factor, failing to consider the effects of climate chan ...
... on ecological carrying capacity, water resources carrying capacity, land carrying capacity, population carrying capacity, and environmental carrying capacity. However, such research has often treated the climate condition as a stable background factor, failing to consider the effects of climate chan ...
Confronting Climate Change in California
... by 2100. [See The International Consensus on Climate Change, page 12.] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of more than 500 scientists who reviewed the scientific literature on climate variability and change, concluded in 1995 that warming by 2100 will range between 2° and ...
... by 2100. [See The International Consensus on Climate Change, page 12.] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of more than 500 scientists who reviewed the scientific literature on climate variability and change, concluded in 1995 that warming by 2100 will range between 2° and ...
Turning points in climate change adaptation
... and consequences of this new framing. We focus on the specific situation in which a social-political threshold of concern is likely to be exceeded as a result of climate change, requiring consideration of alternative strategies. Action is imperative when such a situation is conceivable, and at this ...
... and consequences of this new framing. We focus on the specific situation in which a social-political threshold of concern is likely to be exceeded as a result of climate change, requiring consideration of alternative strategies. Action is imperative when such a situation is conceivable, and at this ...
what is climate change? and how it will affect bangladesh
... and Scandinavia, climate change may lead to net benefits for temperature increases of 2 or 3°C, through higher agricultural yields, lower winter mortality, lower heating requirements, and a possible boost to tourism. But these regions will also experience the most rapid rates of warming, damaging in ...
... and Scandinavia, climate change may lead to net benefits for temperature increases of 2 or 3°C, through higher agricultural yields, lower winter mortality, lower heating requirements, and a possible boost to tourism. But these regions will also experience the most rapid rates of warming, damaging in ...
PDF
... Department of Agriculture Hatch Project No. NC02192. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the sponsoring agencies. ...
... Department of Agriculture Hatch Project No. NC02192. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the sponsoring agencies. ...
UNRIC Library Backgrounder: Climate Change
... INTERVIEW with Patricia Espinosa (UNFCCC): 'Climate change is really about the wellbeing of people' (17 August 2016): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=54696 Shifting from climate change reaction to prevention saves lives for healthier, sustainable future, Secretary-General says, in messa ...
... INTERVIEW with Patricia Espinosa (UNFCCC): 'Climate change is really about the wellbeing of people' (17 August 2016): http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=54696 Shifting from climate change reaction to prevention saves lives for healthier, sustainable future, Secretary-General says, in messa ...
Nature Communications Review Integrating Pliocene Geological
... With respect to the pre-industrial era, Pliocene surface temperatures over land and oceans were elevated (Dowsett et al., 2012; Salzmann et al., 2013), and climate model estimates indicate that the global annual mean surface temperature was 2.70 to 4.05°C higher (Haywood et al., 2013a). The hydrolog ...
... With respect to the pre-industrial era, Pliocene surface temperatures over land and oceans were elevated (Dowsett et al., 2012; Salzmann et al., 2013), and climate model estimates indicate that the global annual mean surface temperature was 2.70 to 4.05°C higher (Haywood et al., 2013a). The hydrolog ...
2015-02-05-Zero-Carbon-Zero-Poverty-the-Climate-Justice-Way
... and for climate justice more broadly. • The UNFCCC should, at its COP in Lima in 2014 and subsequently, mandate that countries submit their INDCs (Intended Nationally Determined Contributions) with sufficient detail and justification to allow a meaningful equity review and comparison of effort, bot ...
... and for climate justice more broadly. • The UNFCCC should, at its COP in Lima in 2014 and subsequently, mandate that countries submit their INDCs (Intended Nationally Determined Contributions) with sufficient detail and justification to allow a meaningful equity review and comparison of effort, bot ...
report 2009 final - Inter
... impacts on health, food security and migration and displacement. Even though the final Copenhagen conference did not deliver a binding agreement, the humanitarian concerns are clearly on the agenda. Regional fora clearly also point to disaster preparedness and climate change adaptation requiring urg ...
... impacts on health, food security and migration and displacement. Even though the final Copenhagen conference did not deliver a binding agreement, the humanitarian concerns are clearly on the agenda. Regional fora clearly also point to disaster preparedness and climate change adaptation requiring urg ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.