Simulated and Observed Preindustrial to Modern
... (Jones and Moberg 2003), based on over 3000 stations. The FOAM-LPJ simulations were compared to other models that simulated the climate response to a rise in greenhouse gases and are available from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Data Distribution Center for 1851–present. Global ...
... (Jones and Moberg 2003), based on over 3000 stations. The FOAM-LPJ simulations were compared to other models that simulated the climate response to a rise in greenhouse gases and are available from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Data Distribution Center for 1851–present. Global ...
Introduction - San Jose State University
... (b) Additionally, the year by year (blue curve) and 50 year average (black curve) variations of the average surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere for the past 1000 years have been reconstructed from “proxy” data calibrated against thermometer data (see list of the main proxy data in the di ...
... (b) Additionally, the year by year (blue curve) and 50 year average (black curve) variations of the average surface temperature of the Northern Hemisphere for the past 1000 years have been reconstructed from “proxy” data calibrated against thermometer data (see list of the main proxy data in the di ...
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Economics Working Paper Series
... These SCC estimates also grow over time based on rates endogenously determined within each model. For instance, the central value increases to $24 per ton of CO2 in 2015 and $26 per ton of CO2 in 2020. The 2009-2010 interagency process that developed these SCC values was the first U.S. federal gover ...
... These SCC estimates also grow over time based on rates endogenously determined within each model. For instance, the central value increases to $24 per ton of CO2 in 2015 and $26 per ton of CO2 in 2020. The 2009-2010 interagency process that developed these SCC values was the first U.S. federal gover ...
Climate change knowledge and social movement theory
... they make use of what Herbert Kitschelt23 termed ‘political opportunity structures’ in his analysis of anti-nuclear movements in the 1970s. Social movements tend to manifest themselves through publicly recognized forms of protest or direct action, but these acts do not themselves make a social movem ...
... they make use of what Herbert Kitschelt23 termed ‘political opportunity structures’ in his analysis of anti-nuclear movements in the 1970s. Social movements tend to manifest themselves through publicly recognized forms of protest or direct action, but these acts do not themselves make a social movem ...
Human contribution to more-intense precipitation extremes
... in the characteristics of such events, including recent increases in the intensity of heavy precipitation events over a large part of the Northern Hemisphere land area3–5, is critical for reliable projections of future changes. Given that atmospheric water-holding capacity is expected to increase ro ...
... in the characteristics of such events, including recent increases in the intensity of heavy precipitation events over a large part of the Northern Hemisphere land area3–5, is critical for reliable projections of future changes. Given that atmospheric water-holding capacity is expected to increase ro ...
Do Americans Understand That Global Warming Is Harmful to
... consistent with an earlier study that measured the perceived likelihood of increases in the rates of serious disease over the next 50 years as a result of global warming. Thirty-eight percent of the sample in that study regarded this as unlikely and 35% perceived it to be likely, with 25% falling in ...
... consistent with an earlier study that measured the perceived likelihood of increases in the rates of serious disease over the next 50 years as a result of global warming. Thirty-eight percent of the sample in that study regarded this as unlikely and 35% perceived it to be likely, with 25% falling in ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Natural Disasters
... events for the society and the environment as well as the implications on risk management (IPCC 2012a). Expertise from climate change science and disaster risk management was combined with scientists with knowledge in adaptation, vulnerability and impact analysis. This 592-page document is a cross-d ...
... events for the society and the environment as well as the implications on risk management (IPCC 2012a). Expertise from climate change science and disaster risk management was combined with scientists with knowledge in adaptation, vulnerability and impact analysis. This 592-page document is a cross-d ...
Survey Experiment - RGK Center for Philanthropy and Community
... The need to transform the world's energy systems to deal with climate change is a daunting challenge, but it is also an enormous business opportunity. - Energy Future Coalition This is a moral moment of great magnitude. This is not ultimately about any scientific discussion or political dialogue. It ...
... The need to transform the world's energy systems to deal with climate change is a daunting challenge, but it is also an enormous business opportunity. - Energy Future Coalition This is a moral moment of great magnitude. This is not ultimately about any scientific discussion or political dialogue. It ...
Social Costs of Greenhouse Gases
... and PAGE4—have been extensively peer reviewed in the economic literature.5 Each model translates emissions into changes in atmospheric carbon concentrations, atmospheric concentrations into temperature changes, and temperature changes into economic damages.6 The IWG gives each model equal weight in ...
... and PAGE4—have been extensively peer reviewed in the economic literature.5 Each model translates emissions into changes in atmospheric carbon concentrations, atmospheric concentrations into temperature changes, and temperature changes into economic damages.6 The IWG gives each model equal weight in ...
Arctic Climate Impact Assessment Policy Document
... adopted, and established the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), requesting it to “evaluate and synthesize knowledge on climate variability and change and increased ultraviolet radiation, and support policy-making processes and the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); f ...
... adopted, and established the Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA), requesting it to “evaluate and synthesize knowledge on climate variability and change and increased ultraviolet radiation, and support policy-making processes and the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC); f ...
Climate in the Heartland
... damaging weather events. Historical climate patterns are changing, with hotter temperatures, exceptional floods and droughts, and erratic weather events. These factors affect city governments’ ability to maintain normal daily operations and meet citizens’ needs. Weather has always affected municipal ...
... damaging weather events. Historical climate patterns are changing, with hotter temperatures, exceptional floods and droughts, and erratic weather events. These factors affect city governments’ ability to maintain normal daily operations and meet citizens’ needs. Weather has always affected municipal ...
Annex III
... Some CDR methods fall under the category of geoengineering, while this may not be the case for others, with the distinction being based upon the magnitude, scale, and impact of the particular CDR activities. The boundary between CDR and mitigation is not clear and there could be some overlap between ...
... Some CDR methods fall under the category of geoengineering, while this may not be the case for others, with the distinction being based upon the magnitude, scale, and impact of the particular CDR activities. The boundary between CDR and mitigation is not clear and there could be some overlap between ...
Framing Climate: Implications for Local Government Policy
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
Brigita Gravitis-Bec..
... carbon emissions from 2020 at the same level, taking into account a number of provisions. • This goal is consistent with industry’s position. ...
... carbon emissions from 2020 at the same level, taking into account a number of provisions. • This goal is consistent with industry’s position. ...
Climate change impacts on glacial lakes and glacierized basins in
... discharge from Langtang Khola shows a small but distinct increasing trend (Fig. 4). In contrast, neither temperature nor the discharge from Imja khola at Khumbu station show any trend. The trends for Langtang might be an indication that climate warming has already started and is showing its impact o ...
... discharge from Langtang Khola shows a small but distinct increasing trend (Fig. 4). In contrast, neither temperature nor the discharge from Imja khola at Khumbu station show any trend. The trends for Langtang might be an indication that climate warming has already started and is showing its impact o ...
Building Place-Based Climate Change Education
... Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge (WA) Mount Rainier National Park (WA) Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge (WA) North Cascades National Park (WA) Olympic National Park (WA) ...
... Dungeness National Wildlife Refuge (WA) Mount Rainier National Park (WA) Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge (WA) North Cascades National Park (WA) Olympic National Park (WA) ...
Response of subarctic vegetation to transient climatic change on the
... ignition was less sensitive than ®re spread to regional climate (temperature and precipitation). In the model simulations a warming climate led to slightly more ®res and much larger ®res and expansion of forest into previously treeless tundra. Vegetation and ®re regime continued to change for centur ...
... ignition was less sensitive than ®re spread to regional climate (temperature and precipitation). In the model simulations a warming climate led to slightly more ®res and much larger ®res and expansion of forest into previously treeless tundra. Vegetation and ®re regime continued to change for centur ...
Climate Change Case Law Update
... amendments to the 2050 targets, on the consequences of including international aviation, and on progress towards the target ( ss 32–7 )” (emphasis added). ...
... amendments to the 2050 targets, on the consequences of including international aviation, and on progress towards the target ( ss 32–7 )” (emphasis added). ...
Buckley CV - University of Washington
... Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 105: 17836-17841.(Faculty of 1000 Selection) 9. Buckley LB. 2008. Linking traits to energetics and population dynamics to predict lizard ranges in changing environments. American Naturalist 171:E1-E19. 8. Buckley LB, Rodda GH, and Jetz W. 2008. Thermal ...
... Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 105: 17836-17841.(Faculty of 1000 Selection) 9. Buckley LB. 2008. Linking traits to energetics and population dynamics to predict lizard ranges in changing environments. American Naturalist 171:E1-E19. 8. Buckley LB, Rodda GH, and Jetz W. 2008. Thermal ...
Monitoring - Australian Institute of Alpine Studies
... impacts of climate change on natural and managed systems in Australia. The alpine regions of Australia are considered by the IPCC to be highly vulnerable to climate change. The Australian Greenhouse Office is developing a work plan dealing with climate change impacts and adaptation which, among othe ...
... impacts of climate change on natural and managed systems in Australia. The alpine regions of Australia are considered by the IPCC to be highly vulnerable to climate change. The Australian Greenhouse Office is developing a work plan dealing with climate change impacts and adaptation which, among othe ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.