Cosmopolitan Justice, Responsibility, and Global Climate Change
... of the IPCC have, of course, been criticized by a number of people – including, for example, Bjørn Lomborg – and there have, in turn, been replies to those critics.11 I am not qualified to enter into these debates and so I shall report the IPCC’s claims without assuming that those claims are inconte ...
... of the IPCC have, of course, been criticized by a number of people – including, for example, Bjørn Lomborg – and there have, in turn, been replies to those critics.11 I am not qualified to enter into these debates and so I shall report the IPCC’s claims without assuming that those claims are inconte ...
ahead of the storm
... • Toronto’s Climate Change, Clean Air and Sustainable Energy Action Plan, which was unanimously endorsed by Council in July 2007, set in motion Toronto’s bold and ambitious climate change agenda. • The action plan – which targets an 80 per cent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 – introdu ...
... • Toronto’s Climate Change, Clean Air and Sustainable Energy Action Plan, which was unanimously endorsed by Council in July 2007, set in motion Toronto’s bold and ambitious climate change agenda. • The action plan – which targets an 80 per cent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 – introdu ...
- Wiley Online Library
... current dynamic vegetation model, some parameters are more important than others in determining the vegetation distribution. Parameters that control plant carbon uptake and light-use efficiency have the predominant influence on the vegetation distribution of both woody and herbaceous plant functiona ...
... current dynamic vegetation model, some parameters are more important than others in determining the vegetation distribution. Parameters that control plant carbon uptake and light-use efficiency have the predominant influence on the vegetation distribution of both woody and herbaceous plant functiona ...
The sun responsible for climate change!
... year for hurricanes, what we experienced was the coolest year since 2001 and, by some measures, the most benign hurricane season in the Northern Hemisphere in three decades. Even though recent changes in our atmosphere are all within the bounds of the Earth's natural variability, a growing number of ...
... year for hurricanes, what we experienced was the coolest year since 2001 and, by some measures, the most benign hurricane season in the Northern Hemisphere in three decades. Even though recent changes in our atmosphere are all within the bounds of the Earth's natural variability, a growing number of ...
Coffea arabica yields decline in Tanzania due to climate change
... and Funk, 2011). Recently, there has been increased attention on the substantial rise in night-time (minimum) temperatures and the effect these have on tropical crops, particularly in India and southeast Asia (e.g., Nagarajan et al., 2010; Bapuji Rao et al., 2014). In fact, on a global scale, minimu ...
... and Funk, 2011). Recently, there has been increased attention on the substantial rise in night-time (minimum) temperatures and the effect these have on tropical crops, particularly in India and southeast Asia (e.g., Nagarajan et al., 2010; Bapuji Rao et al., 2014). In fact, on a global scale, minimu ...
Evaluating Climate Visualization
... the selection of data, their visual representations and the creation of narratives. Information on climate change is of a particularly complex nature. Studies of causes, effects and means to take action include several interlinked areas of studies. Climate science includes areas such as atmospheric ...
... the selection of data, their visual representations and the creation of narratives. Information on climate change is of a particularly complex nature. Studies of causes, effects and means to take action include several interlinked areas of studies. Climate science includes areas such as atmospheric ...
Climate Change Trends and Vulnerability to Biome Shifts
... (Woodward et al. 2004). Field research has detected elevational and latitudinal shifts of biomes around the world attributable to climate change (Gonzalez et al. 2010). A few research efforts have observed shifts of individual tree species in the Sierra Nevada connected to climate conditions, but no ...
... (Woodward et al. 2004). Field research has detected elevational and latitudinal shifts of biomes around the world attributable to climate change (Gonzalez et al. 2010). A few research efforts have observed shifts of individual tree species in the Sierra Nevada connected to climate conditions, but no ...
View/Open - Sokoine University of Agriculture
... and Funk, 2011). Recently, there has been increased attention on the substantial rise in night-time (minimum) temperatures and the effect these have on tropical crops, particularly in India and southeast Asia (e.g., Nagarajan et al., 2010; Bapuji Rao et al., 2014). In fact, on a global scale, minimu ...
... and Funk, 2011). Recently, there has been increased attention on the substantial rise in night-time (minimum) temperatures and the effect these have on tropical crops, particularly in India and southeast Asia (e.g., Nagarajan et al., 2010; Bapuji Rao et al., 2014). In fact, on a global scale, minimu ...
The conquering of climate
... physical evolution was forged through amplitudes of climate change - through dangerous encounters with climate - unknown to modern humans, while our cultural evolution has involved a variety of ways of mythologizing and taming the outworkings of Nature’s climate. The trail of the flood-myth, for exa ...
... physical evolution was forged through amplitudes of climate change - through dangerous encounters with climate - unknown to modern humans, while our cultural evolution has involved a variety of ways of mythologizing and taming the outworkings of Nature’s climate. The trail of the flood-myth, for exa ...
1.1 Framework 1.1.1 Climate change
... phenomena that are chaotic on a small scale, can still lead to predictable averages on larger scales (also ...
... phenomena that are chaotic on a small scale, can still lead to predictable averages on larger scales (also ...
Retreat of Himalayan Glaciers – Indicator of Climate Change
... faster than the average global rate. In India, there are ...
... faster than the average global rate. In India, there are ...
How do the effects of SAE and CO 2 reduction
... geoengineering may be the social, ethical, legal and political issues associated with governance, rather than scientific and technical issues. Risks associated with specific geoengineering schemes can only be based on models that encapsulate our current knowledge and understanding of a highly comple ...
... geoengineering may be the social, ethical, legal and political issues associated with governance, rather than scientific and technical issues. Risks associated with specific geoengineering schemes can only be based on models that encapsulate our current knowledge and understanding of a highly comple ...
Wetlands and global climate change
... level rise. It is predicted that as the tropics gain more heat, there will be a greater transport of water vapor towards higher latitudes. Thus, it is likely that, in general, lower latitudes will experience a decrease in precipitation and higher latitudes will experience an increase in rainfall (Da ...
... level rise. It is predicted that as the tropics gain more heat, there will be a greater transport of water vapor towards higher latitudes. Thus, it is likely that, in general, lower latitudes will experience a decrease in precipitation and higher latitudes will experience an increase in rainfall (Da ...
Adaptive Response Framework for Drinking Water
... of climate change may also impact utilities, such as changes in customer demands, greater use of water for energy production and agriculture, and even shifts in population and economic activity. Other factors, not related to climate change, compound these challenges and complicate planning by presen ...
... of climate change may also impact utilities, such as changes in customer demands, greater use of water for energy production and agriculture, and even shifts in population and economic activity. Other factors, not related to climate change, compound these challenges and complicate planning by presen ...
Hot Damned America: Evangelicalism and the Climate Change
... biblical standpoint—not a secular ideology here but from a biblical standpoint, developing their own voice—there’s no question Washington would pay heed. —Reverend Richard Cizik, National Association of Evangelicals1 ...
... biblical standpoint—not a secular ideology here but from a biblical standpoint, developing their own voice—there’s no question Washington would pay heed. —Reverend Richard Cizik, National Association of Evangelicals1 ...
Climate Change Survey Measures: Exploring Perceived Bias and
... alleging a politically liberal tendency among the climate science community. In support of these assertions are studies indicating that climate or natural scientists tend to identify as politically liberal (Pew Research Center 2009b; Rosenberg et al. 2010). Some climate scientists have alleged to ha ...
... alleging a politically liberal tendency among the climate science community. In support of these assertions are studies indicating that climate or natural scientists tend to identify as politically liberal (Pew Research Center 2009b; Rosenberg et al. 2010). Some climate scientists have alleged to ha ...
Climate Change: Addressing the Major Skeptic Arguments
... Addressing the Climate Change Skeptics The purpose of this paper is to examine the many claims and counter-claims being made in the public debate about climate change science. For most of this year, the volume of this debate has turned way up as the ‘skeptics’ launched a determined assault on the cl ...
... Addressing the Climate Change Skeptics The purpose of this paper is to examine the many claims and counter-claims being made in the public debate about climate change science. For most of this year, the volume of this debate has turned way up as the ‘skeptics’ launched a determined assault on the cl ...
Young People`s Burden: Requirement of Negative CO2 Emissions
... warming less than 1.5°C probably requires negative net CO2 emissions later this century if high global emissions continue in the near-term (Fuss et al 2014; Anderson 2015; Rogelj et al 2016b; Sanderson et al 2016). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports (IPCC 2013, 2014) do not ...
... warming less than 1.5°C probably requires negative net CO2 emissions later this century if high global emissions continue in the near-term (Fuss et al 2014; Anderson 2015; Rogelj et al 2016b; Sanderson et al 2016). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports (IPCC 2013, 2014) do not ...
Coping with the uncertainties in the climate change adaptation of
... Since van Danzig (1956) originally applied the method of economic optimization in the decision problem for flood prevention, risk-based design has become a useful tool in the design of flood defences in the Netherlands. The environmental condition is usually assumed as unchanged when this method is ...
... Since van Danzig (1956) originally applied the method of economic optimization in the decision problem for flood prevention, risk-based design has become a useful tool in the design of flood defences in the Netherlands. The environmental condition is usually assumed as unchanged when this method is ...
Climate Change Regulation and PRediCtion maRkets
... the other side manipulates its science. Too often, climate science is used the way a drunk uses a lamppost: for support, rather than for illumination. In the current environment, beliefs about climate change are too intertwined with a variety of economic and professional interests, such that virtual ...
... the other side manipulates its science. Too often, climate science is used the way a drunk uses a lamppost: for support, rather than for illumination. In the current environment, beliefs about climate change are too intertwined with a variety of economic and professional interests, such that virtual ...
Get Real on Climate: Climate change lesson
... About one quarter of carbon dioxide emissions caused by human activity are absorbed by the world’s forest and oceans. Answer: Disagree. Actually, about half of the CO2 emissions produced by humans are absorbed by the world’s forest and oceans. These large “sinks” of carbon have a cooling effect by r ...
... About one quarter of carbon dioxide emissions caused by human activity are absorbed by the world’s forest and oceans. Answer: Disagree. Actually, about half of the CO2 emissions produced by humans are absorbed by the world’s forest and oceans. These large “sinks” of carbon have a cooling effect by r ...
Primer on Short-Lived Climate Pollutants
... phase down can be achieved through the Montreal Protocol, while simultaneously improving the energy efficiency of refrigerators, air conditioners, and other equipment and products that use these chemicals, thus reducing CO2 emissions as well. The Federated States of Micronesia has made a formal prop ...
... phase down can be achieved through the Montreal Protocol, while simultaneously improving the energy efficiency of refrigerators, air conditioners, and other equipment and products that use these chemicals, thus reducing CO2 emissions as well. The Federated States of Micronesia has made a formal prop ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.