Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long
... Mountain Glaciers. Global glacier volumes decline since the 19th century. Observation-based estimates of glacier mass changes (18– 20) (see Supporting Information for description) have recently become more consistent despite their different reconstruction techniques (21). Although human influence do ...
... Mountain Glaciers. Global glacier volumes decline since the 19th century. Observation-based estimates of glacier mass changes (18– 20) (see Supporting Information for description) have recently become more consistent despite their different reconstruction techniques (21). Although human influence do ...
Curriculum Vitae: Lisa Goddard
... terms of their education and their nationalities. There is a set of core classes and then a wide array of elective classes available for them to design the climate and society degree that fits their interests and talents. I developed and lead the core class on Dynamics of Climate Variability and Cli ...
... terms of their education and their nationalities. There is a set of core classes and then a wide array of elective classes available for them to design the climate and society degree that fits their interests and talents. I developed and lead the core class on Dynamics of Climate Variability and Cli ...
Climate controls on marine ecosystems and fish populations
... ecosystem responses to climate change. Our analysis of observations and model results for the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans concludes that most climate variability is accounted for by the combination of intermittent 1–2 year duration events, e.g. the cumulative effect of monthly weather anomalies or th ...
... ecosystem responses to climate change. Our analysis of observations and model results for the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans concludes that most climate variability is accounted for by the combination of intermittent 1–2 year duration events, e.g. the cumulative effect of monthly weather anomalies or th ...
Moving beyond scientific knowledge: leveraging
... learning theories provide a framework for understanding how learning itself is a shared process that taps into people’s collective identities (Greeno, 2006; Lave and Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1998). Collective identity is a set of values or beliefs that are empowering to those who identify with and shar ...
... learning theories provide a framework for understanding how learning itself is a shared process that taps into people’s collective identities (Greeno, 2006; Lave and Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1998). Collective identity is a set of values or beliefs that are empowering to those who identify with and shar ...
Assessment of fishers perception in developing
... traditional fisherfolk more vulnerable among the community. Changes in fish catch composition over years were also was perceived as the impact of climate change by 48 percent of the respondents including 22 percent from Ochanthuruth and 26 percent from Njarackal. According to some respondents many s ...
... traditional fisherfolk more vulnerable among the community. Changes in fish catch composition over years were also was perceived as the impact of climate change by 48 percent of the respondents including 22 percent from Ochanthuruth and 26 percent from Njarackal. According to some respondents many s ...
Increase of carbon cycle feedback with climate sensitivity
... CO 2 to the atmosphere, whereas in the IPSL model (Friedlingstein et al., 2001), the land biosphere was a net sink of CO 2 from the atmosphere. Using the INtegrated Climate and CArbon (INCCA) model, Thompson et al. (2004) attempted to bracket uncertainty in terrestrial uptake arising from uncertaint ...
... CO 2 to the atmosphere, whereas in the IPSL model (Friedlingstein et al., 2001), the land biosphere was a net sink of CO 2 from the atmosphere. Using the INtegrated Climate and CArbon (INCCA) model, Thompson et al. (2004) attempted to bracket uncertainty in terrestrial uptake arising from uncertaint ...
Uncertainty and Decision Making in Climate Change Economics
... information that is crucial for policymakers. The main contributors to the uncertainty in temperature projections differ by the lead time and geographic region of the prediction. Hawkins and Sutton (2009) decompose the uncertainty in temperature projections into three parts: initial condition uncert ...
... information that is crucial for policymakers. The main contributors to the uncertainty in temperature projections differ by the lead time and geographic region of the prediction. Hawkins and Sutton (2009) decompose the uncertainty in temperature projections into three parts: initial condition uncert ...
The economic impact of climate change
... climate change on developing countries than on developed countries. 7 This has two policy implications. Firstly, greenhouse gases mix uniformly in the atmosphere. It does not matter where they are emitted or by whom, the effect on climate change is the same. Therefore, any justification of stringent ...
... climate change on developing countries than on developed countries. 7 This has two policy implications. Firstly, greenhouse gases mix uniformly in the atmosphere. It does not matter where they are emitted or by whom, the effect on climate change is the same. Therefore, any justification of stringent ...
Detection and Attribution of Temperature Changes in the
... focused on the temperature changes occurring over mountainous areas of the western United States, a critical area for the regional hydrology. In the present work, we conduct a formal D&A analysis over nine mountainous regions of the west (Fig. 1) using four different hydrologically related surface a ...
... focused on the temperature changes occurring over mountainous areas of the western United States, a critical area for the regional hydrology. In the present work, we conduct a formal D&A analysis over nine mountainous regions of the west (Fig. 1) using four different hydrologically related surface a ...
Phase relationships between Antarctic and Greenland
... oscillatory pair that arises from a significant periodicity in the data (95% confidence against a red noise (AR1) process). Fourier analysis of the combined PCs 3 and 4 for GISP2 resolves a broad spectral peak covering periods of 4^20 kyr, with a maximum at 6 kyr years. Hence, the combination of P ...
... oscillatory pair that arises from a significant periodicity in the data (95% confidence against a red noise (AR1) process). Fourier analysis of the combined PCs 3 and 4 for GISP2 resolves a broad spectral peak covering periods of 4^20 kyr, with a maximum at 6 kyr years. Hence, the combination of P ...
Cross-pressuring conservative Catholics? Effects of Pope Francis
... Kahan et al. 2007). As a result, compared to their counterparts who had not heard about the encyclical, conservatives who had heard about it should be more likely to deny the scientific reality of climate change and to downplay the seriousness and adverse impact of climate change. Accordingly, we hy ...
... Kahan et al. 2007). As a result, compared to their counterparts who had not heard about the encyclical, conservatives who had heard about it should be more likely to deny the scientific reality of climate change and to downplay the seriousness and adverse impact of climate change. Accordingly, we hy ...
the impact of weather and climate risks on cereal crops productivity
... (SRES, 2000) and climate models designed to increase of global temperature (Quirogaa S., et all, 2007), some simulations of corn and wheat with reference to the Republic of Moldova. According to these estimates, in the next years (2020), a drastic decrease in the yield of maize and winter wheat is e ...
... (SRES, 2000) and climate models designed to increase of global temperature (Quirogaa S., et all, 2007), some simulations of corn and wheat with reference to the Republic of Moldova. According to these estimates, in the next years (2020), a drastic decrease in the yield of maize and winter wheat is e ...
US re-engagement? -
... months a strong opposition emerge particularly in the European countries which had been most decisive in order to reach a co-ordinated climate change response (Cohen et al, 2003). The White House was under pressure from various sides, but in the end the international community did not succeed convin ...
... months a strong opposition emerge particularly in the European countries which had been most decisive in order to reach a co-ordinated climate change response (Cohen et al, 2003). The White House was under pressure from various sides, but in the end the international community did not succeed convin ...
The physical concept of climate forcing
... composition, and so on. Therefore, climatologists study not solely weather pattern but the entire climate system that encompasses the atmosphere, hydrosphere (oceans and land water masses), biosphere (living organisms), cryosphere (sea, land ice, and snow), and lithosphere (rocks and geological form ...
... composition, and so on. Therefore, climatologists study not solely weather pattern but the entire climate system that encompasses the atmosphere, hydrosphere (oceans and land water masses), biosphere (living organisms), cryosphere (sea, land ice, and snow), and lithosphere (rocks and geological form ...
WHAT IS THE “DAMAGES FUNCTION” FOR GLOBAL WARMING
... these two axioms imply a utility function encompassing as special cases both the standard multiplicative form, which has traditionally been used in practice for some time now, and also an additive analogue that has appeared more recently in the literature. After some numerical exercises, the paper d ...
... these two axioms imply a utility function encompassing as special cases both the standard multiplicative form, which has traditionally been used in practice for some time now, and also an additive analogue that has appeared more recently in the literature. After some numerical exercises, the paper d ...
Weighing the costs and benefits of climate change to our children
... altogether and consider other ways to assess social welfare across time and generations that are rooted in alternative conceptions of fairness and justice. We could also imagine that the effects of climate change on human health and mortality could be so serious as to affect the size of the populati ...
... altogether and consider other ways to assess social welfare across time and generations that are rooted in alternative conceptions of fairness and justice. We could also imagine that the effects of climate change on human health and mortality could be so serious as to affect the size of the populati ...
Regional Impacts of climate change
... Foreword Eileen Claussen, President, Pew Center on Global Climate Change In 2007, the science of climate change achieved an unfortunate milestone: the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reached a consensus position that human-induced global warming is already causing physical and biological ...
... Foreword Eileen Claussen, President, Pew Center on Global Climate Change In 2007, the science of climate change achieved an unfortunate milestone: the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reached a consensus position that human-induced global warming is already causing physical and biological ...
Dividing climate change: global warming in the Indian mass media
... change story for the reading public, and so begins to assess the information available and public arguments currently underway on the topic in India. 1.1 Climate change and the media The role of mass media in shaping public understanding of environmental issues has been well documented in recent yea ...
... change story for the reading public, and so begins to assess the information available and public arguments currently underway on the topic in India. 1.1 Climate change and the media The role of mass media in shaping public understanding of environmental issues has been well documented in recent yea ...
Download the full paper
... evolution of ecosystems, are actually chosen. These actions can be regarded as control variables, and the way in which they are chosen a¤ects the evolution of quantities describing the state of the coevolving coupled ecosystem and economic system. The state of the coupled system depends on the evol ...
... evolution of ecosystems, are actually chosen. These actions can be regarded as control variables, and the way in which they are chosen a¤ects the evolution of quantities describing the state of the coevolving coupled ecosystem and economic system. The state of the coupled system depends on the evol ...
Dividing climate change: global warming in the Indian mass media
... change story for the reading public, and so begins to assess the information available and public arguments currently underway on the topic in India. 1.1 Climate change and the media The role of mass media in shaping public understanding of environmental issues has been well documented in recent yea ...
... change story for the reading public, and so begins to assess the information available and public arguments currently underway on the topic in India. 1.1 Climate change and the media The role of mass media in shaping public understanding of environmental issues has been well documented in recent yea ...
CIAS
... changes (up to 12ºC in the Arctic) and accompanying changes in extremes of temperature and precipitation. These changes would have significant impacts on human and natural systems (IPCC, 2001, Warren 2005). Concern about these serious impacts of climate change has been paralleled by a concern that m ...
... changes (up to 12ºC in the Arctic) and accompanying changes in extremes of temperature and precipitation. These changes would have significant impacts on human and natural systems (IPCC, 2001, Warren 2005). Concern about these serious impacts of climate change has been paralleled by a concern that m ...
4b. GCOS-indicators_WDAC6 - World Climate Research Programme
... Ø Planning for adaptation needs an understanding of future risk and how it may change: What would a one in a hundred-year storm look like in 100 years’ time? Ø Planning for future impacts needs an understanding now of worst-case scenarios, e.g. highest possible sea level rise, largest flood or big ...
... Ø Planning for adaptation needs an understanding of future risk and how it may change: What would a one in a hundred-year storm look like in 100 years’ time? Ø Planning for future impacts needs an understanding now of worst-case scenarios, e.g. highest possible sea level rise, largest flood or big ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.