Gregory and Forster - University of Leeds
... greenhouse gases at or above current rates would cause climate change during the twenty-first century that would very likely be larger than that observed in the twentieth century, but there are great uncertainties about the size of the projected changes [Meehl et al., 2007]. The magnitude of global ...
... greenhouse gases at or above current rates would cause climate change during the twenty-first century that would very likely be larger than that observed in the twentieth century, but there are great uncertainties about the size of the projected changes [Meehl et al., 2007]. The magnitude of global ...
Consensus‟ Exposed: The CRU Controversy - Inhofe
... Assuming activist roles to influence the political process. ...
... Assuming activist roles to influence the political process. ...
Met Office science strategy 2010–2015
... that it is now possible to perform simulations which represent synoptic weather systems more accurately (~50 km) and are closer to the global resolutions used in weather forecasting. At the same time, the resolution of the ocean models (~1/4°) is beginning to capture the effects of eddies and is app ...
... that it is now possible to perform simulations which represent synoptic weather systems more accurately (~50 km) and are closer to the global resolutions used in weather forecasting. At the same time, the resolution of the ocean models (~1/4°) is beginning to capture the effects of eddies and is app ...
How limiting factors drive agricultural adaptation to climate change.
... Warmer temperatures More frequent heat waves Indicate your level of agreement with the following statements The global climate is changing Average global temperatures are increasing Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion are an important cause of climate change Climate change poses risks to ...
... Warmer temperatures More frequent heat waves Indicate your level of agreement with the following statements The global climate is changing Average global temperatures are increasing Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion are an important cause of climate change Climate change poses risks to ...
20160718_request_submission_form_energy_efficiency_in_rac
... Past and ongoing efforts (up to half a page): {Please describe here past and on-going processes, projects and initiatives implemented in the country to tackle the difficulties and gaps explained above. Explain why CTCN technical assistance is needed to complement these efforts, and how the assistanc ...
... Past and ongoing efforts (up to half a page): {Please describe here past and on-going processes, projects and initiatives implemented in the country to tackle the difficulties and gaps explained above. Explain why CTCN technical assistance is needed to complement these efforts, and how the assistanc ...
Global Climate Change The Evidence of Climate Change 2.1 Short
... 2) What two factors are causing the rise in sea-level over the past several decades? Explain how each increases sea level. Answer: Thermal expansion and melting ice. Warmer water expands thus raising sea levels. When ice that is located on land melts, it eventually makes its way to the oceans thus a ...
... 2) What two factors are causing the rise in sea-level over the past several decades? Explain how each increases sea level. Answer: Thermal expansion and melting ice. Warmer water expands thus raising sea levels. When ice that is located on land melts, it eventually makes its way to the oceans thus a ...
Towards a typology for constrained climate model forecasts
... down by an arbitrary parameter representing uncertainty in the response magnitude. The goodness-of-fit between individual members of this pseudo-ensemble are then evaluated with some kind of weighted sum of squares, with the expected model-data differences due to internal climate variability, observa ...
... down by an arbitrary parameter representing uncertainty in the response magnitude. The goodness-of-fit between individual members of this pseudo-ensemble are then evaluated with some kind of weighted sum of squares, with the expected model-data differences due to internal climate variability, observa ...
PDF
... one needs to consider the completeness of that estimate. Damage cost estimates are incomplete. There are reasons to assume that some of the omitted impacts are substantial and negative, but other omitted impacts may be positive. This paper does not argue “we don’t know and therefore …”. Rather, it ...
... one needs to consider the completeness of that estimate. Damage cost estimates are incomplete. There are reasons to assume that some of the omitted impacts are substantial and negative, but other omitted impacts may be positive. This paper does not argue “we don’t know and therefore …”. Rather, it ...
Climate Change and the Emergence of New Organizational
... Abstract There is general agreement across the world that human-made climate change is a serious global problem, although there are still some skeptics that challenge this view. Research in organization studies on the topic is relatively new. Much of this research, however, is instrumental and manag ...
... Abstract There is general agreement across the world that human-made climate change is a serious global problem, although there are still some skeptics that challenge this view. Research in organization studies on the topic is relatively new. Much of this research, however, is instrumental and manag ...
Climate Change Adaptation Plan
... The average temperature of the planet has increased by 0.74 °C since 1900. A similar trend is seen right here in the City of Windsor. “And now our world is different. The climate has been permanently altered and is on an escalating vector of change, not because of what we are going to put into the a ...
... The average temperature of the planet has increased by 0.74 °C since 1900. A similar trend is seen right here in the City of Windsor. “And now our world is different. The climate has been permanently altered and is on an escalating vector of change, not because of what we are going to put into the a ...
http://germanwatch.org/en/download/8551.pdf
... 15,000 extreme weather events, and losses of more than USD 2.5 trillion (in PPP) occurred from 1993 to 2012 globally. A 2012 study published by the World Bank highlights the existential threats the world, and in particular the vulnerable people in developing countries would face in a 4°C warmer worl ...
... 15,000 extreme weather events, and losses of more than USD 2.5 trillion (in PPP) occurred from 1993 to 2012 globally. A 2012 study published by the World Bank highlights the existential threats the world, and in particular the vulnerable people in developing countries would face in a 4°C warmer worl ...
Chapter Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report Summary for
... Total anthropogenic GHG emissions have continued to increase over 1970 to 2010 with larger absolute increases between 2000 and 2010, despite a growing number of climate change mitigation policies. Anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2010 have reached 49 ± 4.5 GtCO2-eq/yr 3. Emissions of CO2 from fossil f ...
... Total anthropogenic GHG emissions have continued to increase over 1970 to 2010 with larger absolute increases between 2000 and 2010, despite a growing number of climate change mitigation policies. Anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2010 have reached 49 ± 4.5 GtCO2-eq/yr 3. Emissions of CO2 from fossil f ...
Summary of UN-Habitat`s CCCI Climate Change Assessment for the
... expected climate stresses, or to cope with the consequences while sensitivity refers to the degree to which a system is affected, either adversely or beneficially, by climate-related stimuli. Exposure meanwhile relates to the degree of climate stress upon a particular unit of analysis. It may be rep ...
... expected climate stresses, or to cope with the consequences while sensitivity refers to the degree to which a system is affected, either adversely or beneficially, by climate-related stimuli. Exposure meanwhile relates to the degree of climate stress upon a particular unit of analysis. It may be rep ...
SID5 Form - Defra Science Search
... representatives can attend. If date options are still available, the membership can be polled in coordination with Defra, otherwise they will be informed. Arrangements for the room are made with Defra administrative staff and include the room itself, any side rooms needed, catering and assembling se ...
... representatives can attend. If date options are still available, the membership can be polled in coordination with Defra, otherwise they will be informed. Arrangements for the room are made with Defra administrative staff and include the room itself, any side rooms needed, catering and assembling se ...
The potential impacts of climate change on the mid
... the shoreface, which will increase the amount of inuncooler global conditions. They also note that 19th-cendation (Bruun 1988). Other factors that could bias our tury global warming and eustasy are insufficient to calculation, such as the delivery of sediment from rivers account for the magnitude of ...
... the shoreface, which will increase the amount of inuncooler global conditions. They also note that 19th-cendation (Bruun 1988). Other factors that could bias our tury global warming and eustasy are insufficient to calculation, such as the delivery of sediment from rivers account for the magnitude of ...
Report - UNHCR
... communities or groups over scarce resources and an overburdening of local or national governance capacities. Such trends can manifest themselves in the form of localized conflicts or spill over into the international arena in the form of rising tensions or even resource wars. 17. A fourth channel, p ...
... communities or groups over scarce resources and an overburdening of local or national governance capacities. Such trends can manifest themselves in the form of localized conflicts or spill over into the international arena in the form of rising tensions or even resource wars. 17. A fourth channel, p ...
Impacts of climate change on the worldTs most exceptional ecoregions
... goods and services are vital for human well-being, yet despite increases in conservation activity, the loss of biodiversity continues (1, 2). Although habitat degradation, fragmentation, and destruction, overexploitation, and invasive species have driven recent biodiversity loss, climate change is p ...
... goods and services are vital for human well-being, yet despite increases in conservation activity, the loss of biodiversity continues (1, 2). Although habitat degradation, fragmentation, and destruction, overexploitation, and invasive species have driven recent biodiversity loss, climate change is p ...
L I V E L I H O O D
... Approach 2: Consider Both Climate Change and Non-Climate Factors when Implementing Climate Change Adaptation Decisions Approach 3: Vulnerability Reduction and Risk Reduction: Adaptations Along the Hazard-Vulnerability-Risk Continuum Approach 4: Dealing with Climate Change Adaptation Mapping: Indenti ...
... Approach 2: Consider Both Climate Change and Non-Climate Factors when Implementing Climate Change Adaptation Decisions Approach 3: Vulnerability Reduction and Risk Reduction: Adaptations Along the Hazard-Vulnerability-Risk Continuum Approach 4: Dealing with Climate Change Adaptation Mapping: Indenti ...
Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
Climate prediction: a limit to adaptation?
... predictive scientific modelling to be elevated above other evidence base because it can be measured and because of its claimed predictive power (Evans, 2008). The quotes in Table 5.1 imply that more accurate (i.e. reduced uncertainty) and more precise (i.e. higher resolution) regional climate change ...
... predictive scientific modelling to be elevated above other evidence base because it can be measured and because of its claimed predictive power (Evans, 2008). The quotes in Table 5.1 imply that more accurate (i.e. reduced uncertainty) and more precise (i.e. higher resolution) regional climate change ...
Global warming controversy
The global warming controversy concerns the public debate over whether global warming is occurring, how much has occurred in modern times, what has caused it, what its effects will be, whether any action should be taken to curb it, and if so what that action should be. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent decades and that the trend is caused primarily by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases. No scientific body of national or international standing disagrees with this view, though a few organizations with members in extractive industries hold non-committal positions. Disputes over the key scientific facts of global warming are now more prevalent in the popular media than in the scientific literature, where such issues are treated as resolved, and more in the United States than globally.Political and popular debate concerning the existence and cause of climate change includes the reasons for the increase seen in the instrumental temperature record, whether the warming trend exceeds normal climatic variations, and whether human activities have contributed significantly to it. Scientists have resolved many of these questions decisively in favour of the view that the current warming trend exists and is ongoing, that human activity is the primary cause, and that it is without precedent in at least 2000 years. Disputes that also reflect scientific debate include estimates of how responsive the climate system might be to any given level of greenhouse gases (climate sensitivity), and what the consequences of global warming will be.Global warming remains an issue of widespread political debate, often split along party political lines, especially in the United States. Many of the largely settled scientific issues, such as the human responsibility for global warming, remain the subject of politically or economically motivated attempts to downplay, dismiss or deny them – an ideological phenomenon categorised by academics and scientists as climate change denial. The sources of funding for those involved with climate science – both supporting and opposing mainstream scientific positions – have been questioned by both sides. There are debates about the best policy responses to the science, their cost-effectiveness and their urgency. Climate scientists, especially in the United States, have reported official and oil-industry pressure to censor or suppress their work and hide scientific data, with directives not to discuss the subject in public communications. Legal cases regarding global warming, its effects, and measures to reduce it have reached American courts. The fossil fuels lobby and free market think tanks have often been identified as overtly or covertly supporting efforts to undermine or discredit the scientific consensus on global warming.