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chap6 (WP)
chap6 (WP)

... Now, nuclei with small values of A have a large surface area compared to their volume: if you construct a model A = 6 nucleus by gluing six marbles together you see that all six marbles are on the surface of your model nucleus and none are in the interior. This means that light nuclei are not deeply ...
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Slide 1

... 4. When electrons in an atom in an excited state fall to lower energy levels, energy is 1. absorbed, only 2. released, only 3. neither released nor absorbed 4. both released and absorbed ...
Chemistry 515 Name: L. S. Curtin Soc. Sec. #: February 8, 1999
Chemistry 515 Name: L. S. Curtin Soc. Sec. #: February 8, 1999

... a) The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom are always equal. b) The mass of an atom is contained primarily in the nucleus and the volume of an atom is primarily determined by the size of the electron cloud. c) Isotopes of a given element have very different chemical reactivities ...
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Study Guide Matter: Building Blocks of the Universe

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... 1. Describe how the strong nuclear force affects the composition of a nucleus. 2. Distinguish between fission and fusion, and provide examples of each. 3. Recognize the equivalence of mass and energy, and why small losses in mass release large amounts of energy 4. Explain what a chain reaction is, h ...
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... composition that is uniform throughout, all the way down to the molecular level. • Hydrocarbon-any molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon atoms, typically fossil fuels and other compounds derived from them. • Ion- a charged atom, it has either gained or lost an electron. • Isotope-any varie ...
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... nucleus. Smaller atoms have higher Ionization energy. Ionization Energy Decreases down a group. Why? Valence electrons removed are farther from the nucleus because they are in higher energy levels. So not held as tightly. Bigger atoms have lower Ionization energy. ...
< 1 ... 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 ... 63 >

Nuclear binding energy

Nuclear binding energy is the energy that would be required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its component parts. These component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons. The binding energy of nuclei is due to the attractive forces that hold these nucleons together and this is usually a positive number, since most nuclei would require the expenditure of energy to separate them into individual protons and neutrons. The mass of an atomic nucleus is usually less than the sum of the individual masses of the constituent protons and neutrons (according to Einstein's equation E=mc2) and this 'missing mass' is known as the mass defect, and represents the energy that was released when the nucleus was formed.The term nuclear binding energy may also refer to the energy balance in processes in which the nucleus splits into fragments composed of more than one nucleon. If new binding energy is available when light nuclei fuse, or when heavy nuclei split, either process can result in release of this binding energy. This energy may be made available as nuclear energy and can be used to produce electricity as in (nuclear power) or in a nuclear weapon. When a large nucleus splits into pieces, excess energy is emitted as photons (gamma rays) and as the kinetic energy of a number of different ejected particles (nuclear fission products).The nuclear binding energies and forces are on the order of a million times greater than the electron binding energies of light atoms like hydrogen.The mass defect of a nucleus represents the mass of the energy of binding of the nucleus, and is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the masses of the nucleons of which it is composed.
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