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Preview Sample 1
Preview Sample 1

6.2 Periodic Trends
6.2 Periodic Trends

... the nucleus of an atom: - The closer the electron is to the nucleus, the stronger the force of attraction - The more protons in a nucleus, the more strongly an electron is attracted to the nucleus ...
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... (4) The concentration of the products and the concentration of the reactants are correct constant. ...
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... again and again and again. In theory, we should eventually end up witl1 a single gold atom. If we tried to split this atom in half, we would end up w ith something that no longer retains any of the characteristics of the element. An atom is there­ fore the smallest particle that can be used to ident ...
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... oxygen gas using an electric current. When water molecules change chemically into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, we say that a chemical change has occurred. Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas each have a different set of properties. Substances change into different substances through TAKS Need to Know chemic ...
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... 39.2 Radioactive Decay Radioactivity is governed by mass-energy equivalence. • Particles decay spontaneously only when their combined products have less mass after decay than before. • The mass of a neutron is slightly greater than the total mass of a proton plus electron (and the antineutrino). • W ...
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... order to cook food. But even the most liberal interpretation would not allow us to call this chemistry because of the absence of any evidence of control over these reactions or processes. The ability to control the transformation of one substance into another can be traced back to the origin of two ...
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... compared with the energy changes that take place during chemical reactions. • The energy released when nucleons come together is called nuclear binding energy. ...
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Inorganic Chemistry - Bharathiar University(Older Version Website)

... broken in this process. The product anion contains the PO3 - 4 in the MO1 2 O 3 6 cage. Between 35 and 40 hetero atoms are known to form heteropoly anions and their corresponding acids. Large hetero atoms such as Ce (IV) and Th (IV) are found icosahedrally coordinated in salts such as (NH4 ) 2 H6 Ce ...
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DOE FUNDAMENTALS HANDBOOK NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND REACTOR THEORY Volume 1 of 2
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< 1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 63 >

Nuclear binding energy

Nuclear binding energy is the energy that would be required to disassemble the nucleus of an atom into its component parts. These component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons. The binding energy of nuclei is due to the attractive forces that hold these nucleons together and this is usually a positive number, since most nuclei would require the expenditure of energy to separate them into individual protons and neutrons. The mass of an atomic nucleus is usually less than the sum of the individual masses of the constituent protons and neutrons (according to Einstein's equation E=mc2) and this 'missing mass' is known as the mass defect, and represents the energy that was released when the nucleus was formed.The term nuclear binding energy may also refer to the energy balance in processes in which the nucleus splits into fragments composed of more than one nucleon. If new binding energy is available when light nuclei fuse, or when heavy nuclei split, either process can result in release of this binding energy. This energy may be made available as nuclear energy and can be used to produce electricity as in (nuclear power) or in a nuclear weapon. When a large nucleus splits into pieces, excess energy is emitted as photons (gamma rays) and as the kinetic energy of a number of different ejected particles (nuclear fission products).The nuclear binding energies and forces are on the order of a million times greater than the electron binding energies of light atoms like hydrogen.The mass defect of a nucleus represents the mass of the energy of binding of the nucleus, and is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the masses of the nucleons of which it is composed.
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