一、選擇題︰一題1 分
... occur in the short run as a result of this fiscal policy action.(A)Investment spending will increase.(B)Investment spending will decrease.(C)There will be no change in investment spending.(D)Investment spending may increase, decrease, or not change. 30. “Crowing-out” occurs in the IS-LM model as ris ...
... occur in the short run as a result of this fiscal policy action.(A)Investment spending will increase.(B)Investment spending will decrease.(C)There will be no change in investment spending.(D)Investment spending may increase, decrease, or not change. 30. “Crowing-out” occurs in the IS-LM model as ris ...
inflation - WordPress.com
... potential) because many of the unemployed found themselves as structurally unemployed (also see unemployment), unable to find jobs that fit their skills. A rise in structural unemployment implies that a smaller percentage of the labor force can find jobs at the NAIRU, where the economy avoids crossi ...
... potential) because many of the unemployed found themselves as structurally unemployed (also see unemployment), unable to find jobs that fit their skills. A rise in structural unemployment implies that a smaller percentage of the labor force can find jobs at the NAIRU, where the economy avoids crossi ...
Instructions to Tenderers - ProContract
... communication is believed to be correct at the time of issue but the Bank will not have any liability for its accuracy, adequacy or completeness and no warranty is given as such. Nothing in this ITT is intended to exclude or limit the liability of the Bank in relation to fraud or in other circumstan ...
... communication is believed to be correct at the time of issue but the Bank will not have any liability for its accuracy, adequacy or completeness and no warranty is given as such. Nothing in this ITT is intended to exclude or limit the liability of the Bank in relation to fraud or in other circumstan ...
The Role of Government: Impact on Macroeconomy
... ideas about how best to produce goods and services. If these ideas enter society’s pool of knowledge, so everyone can use them, then the ideas are an external benefit of education. This argument would justify the large subsidies to human capital investment that we observe in the form of public educa ...
... ideas about how best to produce goods and services. If these ideas enter society’s pool of knowledge, so everyone can use them, then the ideas are an external benefit of education. This argument would justify the large subsidies to human capital investment that we observe in the form of public educa ...
A Classical View of the Business Cycle
... monetary surprises have real effects, they do not seem to be transmitted through price surprises” as the strict Fisherian view would predict.9 The analysis here, therefore, adapts Fisher’s view of the Phillips Curve to fit the evidence. It accepts, in particular, the New Keynesian proposition that ...
... monetary surprises have real effects, they do not seem to be transmitted through price surprises” as the strict Fisherian view would predict.9 The analysis here, therefore, adapts Fisher’s view of the Phillips Curve to fit the evidence. It accepts, in particular, the New Keynesian proposition that ...
July Massachusetts
... variable contributes marginally, and all five lagged explanatory variables have the expected sign, with the coefficients on both expected inflation and ...
... variable contributes marginally, and all five lagged explanatory variables have the expected sign, with the coefficients on both expected inflation and ...
Money In Modern Macro Models: A Review of the Arguments
... linked to credit via the balance sheet identity and despite the fact that many modern macro models explicitly deal with credit (see section 3) or investigate money’s role in facilitating trade (see section 4), there is no formal and generally accepted micro-founded (general equilibrium) theory of mo ...
... linked to credit via the balance sheet identity and despite the fact that many modern macro models explicitly deal with credit (see section 3) or investigate money’s role in facilitating trade (see section 4), there is no formal and generally accepted micro-founded (general equilibrium) theory of mo ...
Monetary Policy - Macmillan Learning
... decide how much of a good to consume by determining whether the benefit they’d gain from consuming a bit more of any given good is worth the cost. The same decision process is used when deciding how much money to hold. Individuals and firms find it useful to hold some of their assets in the form of ...
... decide how much of a good to consume by determining whether the benefit they’d gain from consuming a bit more of any given good is worth the cost. The same decision process is used when deciding how much money to hold. Individuals and firms find it useful to hold some of their assets in the form of ...
Money, Interest, and Capital Accumulation in Karl Marx`s
... microeconomics, although Marx himself does not draw the full conclusions from this implication, because he still considers the monetary system to be based on a specific money commodity (gold). This, however, does not follow strictly from his own analysis. Marx’s rejection of Ricardo’s interpretation ...
... microeconomics, although Marx himself does not draw the full conclusions from this implication, because he still considers the monetary system to be based on a specific money commodity (gold). This, however, does not follow strictly from his own analysis. Marx’s rejection of Ricardo’s interpretation ...
Chapter 9 - University of Management and Technology
... A broadest measure of price changes than either the CPI or the PPI Takes into account the prices of all final goods and services produced by the economy An index of the price level of aggregate output ...
... A broadest measure of price changes than either the CPI or the PPI Takes into account the prices of all final goods and services produced by the economy An index of the price level of aggregate output ...
Overall effect: Y
... immediately respond. Consumer confidence may have been so badly shaken, that this IS curve could have been (temporarily) vertical. In this case it would not matter how low interest rates were, output just would not respond. Of course, this also leads to a discussion of the possibility that the U.S. ...
... immediately respond. Consumer confidence may have been so badly shaken, that this IS curve could have been (temporarily) vertical. In this case it would not matter how low interest rates were, output just would not respond. Of course, this also leads to a discussion of the possibility that the U.S. ...
NATIONAL BANK OF POLAND WORKING PAPER No. 135
... by cash-in-advance models (CIA, Clower 1967) in which the importance of money results from the technology of concluding transactions, i.e. from the fact that some transactions, concerning cash goods, cannot be concluded without money (as opposed to transactions involving credit goods). However, atte ...
... by cash-in-advance models (CIA, Clower 1967) in which the importance of money results from the technology of concluding transactions, i.e. from the fact that some transactions, concerning cash goods, cannot be concluded without money (as opposed to transactions involving credit goods). However, atte ...
Chapter 1: Introduction
... readily-spendable assets that people wish to hold--is proportional to total nominal income P x Y, has a time trend associated with changes in -sector and transactions-processing technology, and is related inversely related to the nominal interest rate--the sum of the real interest rate and the curre ...
... readily-spendable assets that people wish to hold--is proportional to total nominal income P x Y, has a time trend associated with changes in -sector and transactions-processing technology, and is related inversely related to the nominal interest rate--the sum of the real interest rate and the curre ...
Keynes, Keynesians and Contemporary Monetary Theory and Policy
... increased, their marginal efficiency tends to fall. Thus a point is reached at which it no longer pays to produce them, unless the rate of interest falls pari passu.” In Marshallian language, Say’s law fails in a monetary economy because there can exist a limit to the profitable production of capi ...
... increased, their marginal efficiency tends to fall. Thus a point is reached at which it no longer pays to produce them, unless the rate of interest falls pari passu.” In Marshallian language, Say’s law fails in a monetary economy because there can exist a limit to the profitable production of capi ...
More details
... similar to a tax imposed in money keepers, and the nominated interest rate is a sum of actual interest rate and inflation rate, therefore, inflation makes people less willing to keep money and the monetary demand decreases. This leads to more regular bank withdraws. Economists have provided the term ...
... similar to a tax imposed in money keepers, and the nominated interest rate is a sum of actual interest rate and inflation rate, therefore, inflation makes people less willing to keep money and the monetary demand decreases. This leads to more regular bank withdraws. Economists have provided the term ...
Review Quiz Answers Econ 103
... Real GDP in 2009 is $7,475.30. The chained-dollar method uses the prices of 2008 and 2009 to calculate the growth rate in 2009. The value of the 2008 quantities at 2008 prices is $7,000. The value of the 2009 quantities at 2008 prices is $7,450. We now compare these values. The increase in the value ...
... Real GDP in 2009 is $7,475.30. The chained-dollar method uses the prices of 2008 and 2009 to calculate the growth rate in 2009. The value of the 2008 quantities at 2008 prices is $7,000. The value of the 2009 quantities at 2008 prices is $7,450. We now compare these values. The increase in the value ...
capr 1+) New Ke,Jne5Ian conomIcs: SticL,9 PrIces
... firms to fix the prices for their products for long periods of time. Consider a restaurant, which must print new menus whenever it changes its prices. Printing menus is costly, and this causes the restaurant to change prices infrequently. Given that prices change infrequently, there may be periods w ...
... firms to fix the prices for their products for long periods of time. Consider a restaurant, which must print new menus whenever it changes its prices. Printing menus is costly, and this causes the restaurant to change prices infrequently. Given that prices change infrequently, there may be periods w ...
ONTARIO TISSUE PAPER INDUSTRY
... MPAC is responsible for classifying and valuing all real property within the Province of Ontario in compliance with the Assessment Act and regulations established by the Government of Ontario. As required by the Province’s legislation, assessed value is based on Current Value. The Assessment Act def ...
... MPAC is responsible for classifying and valuing all real property within the Province of Ontario in compliance with the Assessment Act and regulations established by the Government of Ontario. As required by the Province’s legislation, assessed value is based on Current Value. The Assessment Act def ...
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSRJBM)
... Furthermore, domestic credit was not statistically significant, even though it could be used as a policy variable to account for inflation. Based on these findings, it was recommended that monetary supply, interest rates and exchange rates should be the principal policy variables to be manipulated i ...
... Furthermore, domestic credit was not statistically significant, even though it could be used as a policy variable to account for inflation. Based on these findings, it was recommended that monetary supply, interest rates and exchange rates should be the principal policy variables to be manipulated i ...
Name ______ last 4 PSU ID
... 3. (5 points) Suppose you are a US importer of gypsum from Canada. You have a contract with a US firm to sell them 10 tons of gypsum 30 days from now. You want to use the forward market to avoid exchange rate risk and guarantee yourself a profit. The Canadian Dollar (CD) price of gypsum per ton is 5 ...
... 3. (5 points) Suppose you are a US importer of gypsum from Canada. You have a contract with a US firm to sell them 10 tons of gypsum 30 days from now. You want to use the forward market to avoid exchange rate risk and guarantee yourself a profit. The Canadian Dollar (CD) price of gypsum per ton is 5 ...