Using Marginal Abatement Cost Curves (MACC) to realize the economic appraisal of Climate Smart Agriculture policy options
... externality is a consequence of an economic activity, not transmitted through prices, experienced by a third party who did not agree to the activity. An externality can either be positive (it is a benefit for the third party) or negative (it is a cost for the third party). For example, industrial fa ...
... externality is a consequence of an economic activity, not transmitted through prices, experienced by a third party who did not agree to the activity. An externality can either be positive (it is a benefit for the third party) or negative (it is a cost for the third party). For example, industrial fa ...
German Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change - BMUB
... The climate is changing worldwide. These climate changes are bringing about changes in the conditions under which people live – and Germany is no exception. Experts expect far-reaching consequences if we do not succeed in at least keeping global climate change within limits. The long-term objective ...
... The climate is changing worldwide. These climate changes are bringing about changes in the conditions under which people live – and Germany is no exception. Experts expect far-reaching consequences if we do not succeed in at least keeping global climate change within limits. The long-term objective ...
Phasing Down the Use of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)
... in air conditioners and other products, to make insulating foams, and as solvents. Unlike the chemicals they replaced, HFCs do not harm the ozone layer, but are potent greenhouse gases, with much greater short-term climate impact than carbon dioxide.2 Recent scientific estimates suggest that phasing ...
... in air conditioners and other products, to make insulating foams, and as solvents. Unlike the chemicals they replaced, HFCs do not harm the ozone layer, but are potent greenhouse gases, with much greater short-term climate impact than carbon dioxide.2 Recent scientific estimates suggest that phasing ...
Mental Health and Our Changing Climate
... of climate change have emphasized the physical health effects, while mental health has been secondary. Building upon Beyond Storms and Droughts: The Psychological Impacts of Climate Change, the goal of this updated report is to increase awareness of the psychological impacts of climate change on hum ...
... of climate change have emphasized the physical health effects, while mental health has been secondary. Building upon Beyond Storms and Droughts: The Psychological Impacts of Climate Change, the goal of this updated report is to increase awareness of the psychological impacts of climate change on hum ...
Impact Assessment on Aquaculture Framers in Sarawak, Malaysia
... Moreover, it also raises the environmental problem which leads increase to climate change impacts (World Bank, 2010). Aquaculture sector is negatively effect on coastal resources (Sulit, et. al., 2005) through the loss of mangroves (Hambal, et. al., 1994) and threatened and degraded the rivers’ wate ...
... Moreover, it also raises the environmental problem which leads increase to climate change impacts (World Bank, 2010). Aquaculture sector is negatively effect on coastal resources (Sulit, et. al., 2005) through the loss of mangroves (Hambal, et. al., 1994) and threatened and degraded the rivers’ wate ...
Cool Response: The seC & CoRpoRaTe ClimaTe Change RepoRTing SEC Climate Guidance &
... The Securities and Exchange Commission’s 2010 Interpretive Guidance3 on disclosing climate change issues is an important milestone on the path towards better corporate reporting of material climate issues. The SEC was the first securities regulator worldwide to provide guidance of this type, rewardi ...
... The Securities and Exchange Commission’s 2010 Interpretive Guidance3 on disclosing climate change issues is an important milestone on the path towards better corporate reporting of material climate issues. The SEC was the first securities regulator worldwide to provide guidance of this type, rewardi ...
Climate Change and Agricultural Vulnerability
... The challenge of agriculture in the 21st century requires a systemic integration of the environmental, social, and economic pillars of development to meet the needs of present generations without sacrificing the livelihoods of future generations. Over the next 50 years, the world population is proje ...
... The challenge of agriculture in the 21st century requires a systemic integration of the environmental, social, and economic pillars of development to meet the needs of present generations without sacrificing the livelihoods of future generations. Over the next 50 years, the world population is proje ...
Climate change challenges Tuvalu
... Why does climate change cause the sea levels to rise? The main cause for rising sea levels is the expansion of water due to an increase in water temperature and is thus a mere physical phenomenon. Additional factors are the thawing of mountain glaciers and the ice covering in Greenland, resulting fr ...
... Why does climate change cause the sea levels to rise? The main cause for rising sea levels is the expansion of water due to an increase in water temperature and is thus a mere physical phenomenon. Additional factors are the thawing of mountain glaciers and the ice covering in Greenland, resulting fr ...
Nature Communications Review Integrating Pliocene Geological
... understand the mPWP, and the way in which the data and modelling communities are able to inform each other on important issues associated with climate variability, processes driving local, regional and global climate change, and uncertainties in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and climate modelli ...
... understand the mPWP, and the way in which the data and modelling communities are able to inform each other on important issues associated with climate variability, processes driving local, regional and global climate change, and uncertainties in palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and climate modelli ...
the compendium of adaptation models for climate
... Adaptation is essential to decreasing the current and unavoidable impacts from climate change. The net benefits of adaptation are experienced earlier than those of mitigations as they are immediate (Berkhout, 2005). While mitigation measures can be implemented now, the residence time (atmospheric li ...
... Adaptation is essential to decreasing the current and unavoidable impacts from climate change. The net benefits of adaptation are experienced earlier than those of mitigations as they are immediate (Berkhout, 2005). While mitigation measures can be implemented now, the residence time (atmospheric li ...
Impacts of climate change on disadvantaged UK coastal communities
... climate change impacts, yet local authority representatives and other interviewees felt that the elderly were less likely to be aware of the impacts of climate change than other groups. Respondents suggested that this was in some cases linked to a perception that climate change will not happen for a ...
... climate change impacts, yet local authority representatives and other interviewees felt that the elderly were less likely to be aware of the impacts of climate change than other groups. Respondents suggested that this was in some cases linked to a perception that climate change will not happen for a ...
Heat Turn Down the 74455
... biodiversity, including coral reef systems. And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putti ...
... biodiversity, including coral reef systems. And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putti ...
Looking Backwards, Looking Forward
... drying, or freezing, etc. Different plants use different sorts of environmental clues to ‘trigger’ their time to produce leaves or flowers or seeds and climate changes can make these clues unreliable for particular plants in particular locations leading to loss of that plant species locally. In the ...
... drying, or freezing, etc. Different plants use different sorts of environmental clues to ‘trigger’ their time to produce leaves or flowers or seeds and climate changes can make these clues unreliable for particular plants in particular locations leading to loss of that plant species locally. In the ...
Climate Change Adaptation Guidelines
... Table E-2: Characteristics of maladaptation and possible impacts of major water infrastructure projects .................................................................................................................................................. 81 ...
... Table E-2: Characteristics of maladaptation and possible impacts of major water infrastructure projects .................................................................................................................................................. 81 ...
Bridging the Adaptation Gap: Approaches to
... experienced and are expected to increase. The frequency and severity of extreme weather events are increasing, and global average temperature continues to rise. The need for an assessment of the physical risks created by the changing climate and for investment into resilience to those risks is subst ...
... experienced and are expected to increase. The frequency and severity of extreme weather events are increasing, and global average temperature continues to rise. The need for an assessment of the physical risks created by the changing climate and for investment into resilience to those risks is subst ...
Turn Down The heaT: why a 4°C warmer worlD musT Be avoiDeD
... biodiversity, including coral reef systems. And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putti ...
... biodiversity, including coral reef systems. And most importantly, a 4°C world is so different from the current one that it comes with high uncertainty and new risks that threaten our ability to anticipate and plan for future adaptation needs. The lack of action on climate change not only risks putti ...
Visual Images and the Rhetoric of Environmental Advocacy
... coverage, each of which stifle a sense of public urgency with the issue. Greenpeace seeks to spark a public sense of urgency by making climate change issues meaningful and symbolically recognizable (Greenpeace International, 2004, 2007a). The group accomplishes this mission by making visible the oft ...
... coverage, each of which stifle a sense of public urgency with the issue. Greenpeace seeks to spark a public sense of urgency by making climate change issues meaningful and symbolically recognizable (Greenpeace International, 2004, 2007a). The group accomplishes this mission by making visible the oft ...
PDF
... climate scenarios, studying the biophysical impacts of such climate changes, identification of adaptive options, and finally any residual (adverse) consequences that remain after adaptation define the level of vulnerability (Kelly & Adger, 2000). Most climate change studies have often followed the e ...
... climate scenarios, studying the biophysical impacts of such climate changes, identification of adaptive options, and finally any residual (adverse) consequences that remain after adaptation define the level of vulnerability (Kelly & Adger, 2000). Most climate change studies have often followed the e ...
Hydroclimatic Variability and Predictability: A Survey of Recent
... have become an essential product of operational seasonal forecasting systems (NRC, 2010). Such predictions, if accurate, can inform water management and can help society prepare for some of the more costly and dangerous manifestations of hydrological variation. ...
... have become an essential product of operational seasonal forecasting systems (NRC, 2010). Such predictions, if accurate, can inform water management and can help society prepare for some of the more costly and dangerous manifestations of hydrological variation. ...
Implications of Recent Climate Change on Conservation Priorities in
... 2000, U.S.GAO 2007). Recent progress has been made with the recognition that current and future protected areas will play a pivotal role to conservation under climate change (Hannah et al. 2007) and with the preliminary identification of adaptation approaches that could be implemented across natural ...
... 2000, U.S.GAO 2007). Recent progress has been made with the recognition that current and future protected areas will play a pivotal role to conservation under climate change (Hannah et al. 2007) and with the preliminary identification of adaptation approaches that could be implemented across natural ...
a chapter for the Handbook of Macroeconomics
... Now so far the abstract setting just described simply describes preferences and technology. So how would markets handle the evolution of the two stocks K and S? The key approach here is that it is reasonable to assume, in the climate case, that the evolution of S is simply a byproduct of economic ac ...
... Now so far the abstract setting just described simply describes preferences and technology. So how would markets handle the evolution of the two stocks K and S? The key approach here is that it is reasonable to assume, in the climate case, that the evolution of S is simply a byproduct of economic ac ...
A Story of Gaia - Online - Introduction Overview
... dynamic collections of linked parts Often called network or systems sciences More holistic : reductionism is understood as 'necessary but not sufficient' to understand nature. Metaphor for nature: Gaia, a planetary-scale life form with a metabolism & homeostasis. Premise: Understanding Gaia requires ...
... dynamic collections of linked parts Often called network or systems sciences More holistic : reductionism is understood as 'necessary but not sufficient' to understand nature. Metaphor for nature: Gaia, a planetary-scale life form with a metabolism & homeostasis. Premise: Understanding Gaia requires ...
canadian parks and protected areas
... greenhouse gases being released into the atmosphere is critical for limiting the future rate and magnitude of climate change (IPCC 2007; Lemmen et al. 2008). These types of interventions, referred to as mitigation strategies, aim to reduce greenhouse gases by controlling emissions or by removing the ...
... greenhouse gases being released into the atmosphere is critical for limiting the future rate and magnitude of climate change (IPCC 2007; Lemmen et al. 2008). These types of interventions, referred to as mitigation strategies, aim to reduce greenhouse gases by controlling emissions or by removing the ...
Mapping climate change
... The more precise magnitude of climate change 50-100 years from now depends on future greenhouse gas emissions for example, and projections are associated with great uncertainty, as is the magnitude of the impacts of climate change for Denmark. Climate simulations, and our understanding of the uncert ...
... The more precise magnitude of climate change 50-100 years from now depends on future greenhouse gas emissions for example, and projections are associated with great uncertainty, as is the magnitude of the impacts of climate change for Denmark. Climate simulations, and our understanding of the uncert ...
Sensitivity and response of northern hemisphere altitudinal and
... spontaneous advance of young growth of forest-forming tree species into present treeless areas within the treeline ecotone and beyond the tree limit is considered to be the best indicator of treeline sensitivity to environmental change. The sensitivity of climatic treelines to climate warming varies ...
... spontaneous advance of young growth of forest-forming tree species into present treeless areas within the treeline ecotone and beyond the tree limit is considered to be the best indicator of treeline sensitivity to environmental change. The sensitivity of climatic treelines to climate warming varies ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.