Chapter 13 - Clean Air Act
... of Appeals judge urged the Court to reconsider and revoke its decision. Thus, while the Clean Air Act may be the most relevant regulatory scheme to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from various sources, the appropriateness of using the Clean Air Act to address climate change remains an issue of vigor ...
... of Appeals judge urged the Court to reconsider and revoke its decision. Thus, while the Clean Air Act may be the most relevant regulatory scheme to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from various sources, the appropriateness of using the Clean Air Act to address climate change remains an issue of vigor ...
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... and conservation (Arcese & Sinclair 1997; Davis 2000). Some adaptation options, like translocation, are incongruent with historic ecological conditions that provide management baseline. Adaptation options that focus management toward future conditions may conflict with policies and managers’ beliefs ...
... and conservation (Arcese & Sinclair 1997; Davis 2000). Some adaptation options, like translocation, are incongruent with historic ecological conditions that provide management baseline. Adaptation options that focus management toward future conditions may conflict with policies and managers’ beliefs ...
Stern Review: The Economics of Climate Change
... costs – is essential. It is no longer possible to prevent the climate change that will take place over the next two to three decades, but it is still possible to protect our societies and economies from its impacts to some extent – for example, by providing better information, improved planning and ...
... costs – is essential. It is no longer possible to prevent the climate change that will take place over the next two to three decades, but it is still possible to protect our societies and economies from its impacts to some extent – for example, by providing better information, improved planning and ...
Climate Change Adaptation: Outcomes from the Great Barrier Reef
... Calculators help cut costs and carbon emissions ...
... Calculators help cut costs and carbon emissions ...
www.permafrostcarbon.org - Arctic Research Consortium of the
... (Schuur et al. 2015) summarizes the findings across a range of individual synthesis products produced by the Permafrost Carbon Network. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society paper (Koven et al. 2015) combines a number of individual synthesis products with Earth System Model projections ...
... (Schuur et al. 2015) summarizes the findings across a range of individual synthesis products produced by the Permafrost Carbon Network. The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society paper (Koven et al. 2015) combines a number of individual synthesis products with Earth System Model projections ...
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... 3.1 Restriction on the level of adaptation costs First of all, the amount of dollars that are spent on adaptation may be above or below what is optimal. For example lack of funding can form a significant barrier to adaptation. In this case the amount one can spend to avoid gross damages is limited. ...
... 3.1 Restriction on the level of adaptation costs First of all, the amount of dollars that are spent on adaptation may be above or below what is optimal. For example lack of funding can form a significant barrier to adaptation. In this case the amount one can spend to avoid gross damages is limited. ...
GAN workshop report - Climate Technology Centre & Network
... the adaptation gap is far more challenging than calculating the emissions gap, because 1) there is no globally agreed goal or metrics for adaptation, and 2) adaptation is a response to specific climate risks and impacts that are local in nature and vary over time. However, studies highlight the role ...
... the adaptation gap is far more challenging than calculating the emissions gap, because 1) there is no globally agreed goal or metrics for adaptation, and 2) adaptation is a response to specific climate risks and impacts that are local in nature and vary over time. However, studies highlight the role ...
FINAL Amazon Scorecard
... 46 points on the 100-point scale for its efforts to incorporate climate change into its increasingly comprehensive corporate social responsibility profile. While the company’s reduction goals are still loosely defined, Starbucks has asserted itself in the policy and emissions accounting arenas and b ...
... 46 points on the 100-point scale for its efforts to incorporate climate change into its increasingly comprehensive corporate social responsibility profile. While the company’s reduction goals are still loosely defined, Starbucks has asserted itself in the policy and emissions accounting arenas and b ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity, Ecosystems
... 4.1. Introduction: What are ecosystem services and why do they matter? ............................. 4-2 4.2. What are observed impacts of recent climate change on ecosystem services and their value? .................................................................................................... ...
... 4.1. Introduction: What are ecosystem services and why do they matter? ............................. 4-2 4.2. What are observed impacts of recent climate change on ecosystem services and their value? .................................................................................................... ...
Design and implementation of a coastal eco
... solutions for adaptation that could work against nature by constraining regular ecological cycles, which may lead to mal-adaptation and increased social vulnerability. A number of different agencies have produced definitions of ICZM, EbA and their principles, but the most often cited and ‘up-to-date ...
... solutions for adaptation that could work against nature by constraining regular ecological cycles, which may lead to mal-adaptation and increased social vulnerability. A number of different agencies have produced definitions of ICZM, EbA and their principles, but the most often cited and ‘up-to-date ...
Not Under My Backyard: Geographic proximity and public
... have ever heard of the technology. Despite this, the uninformed public associates a relatively consistent set of risks with it, including CO2 leakage, induced seismicity, explosions, and groundwater contamination.(26, 30, 31) The risk perception literature makes it clear that, irrespective of probab ...
... have ever heard of the technology. Despite this, the uninformed public associates a relatively consistent set of risks with it, including CO2 leakage, induced seismicity, explosions, and groundwater contamination.(26, 30, 31) The risk perception literature makes it clear that, irrespective of probab ...
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... start addressing the problem of climate change in the near term. Still, much is left to be understood about the technical, economic and political dimensions of CCS. Important questions remain in particular regarding possible environmental externalities and safety risks associated with the storage of ...
... start addressing the problem of climate change in the near term. Still, much is left to be understood about the technical, economic and political dimensions of CCS. Important questions remain in particular regarding possible environmental externalities and safety risks associated with the storage of ...
Importance of carbon dioxide physiological forcing to future climate
... ncreased atmospheric CO2 content affects global climate not only through its greenhouse radiative effect, but also through its effect on plant physiology. Plant stomata open less widely under elevated CO2 concentrations, leading to reduced plant transpiration (1–3). A decrease in canopy transpiratio ...
... ncreased atmospheric CO2 content affects global climate not only through its greenhouse radiative effect, but also through its effect on plant physiology. Plant stomata open less widely under elevated CO2 concentrations, leading to reduced plant transpiration (1–3). A decrease in canopy transpiratio ...
Environmental Change and Migration: State of the
... ferent environmental changes affect people’s lives and their propensity to move would be useful in increasing understanding of the interconnections between the environment and migration. Also needed is research on the forms of movement that are likely to be associated with different environmental c ...
... ferent environmental changes affect people’s lives and their propensity to move would be useful in increasing understanding of the interconnections between the environment and migration. Also needed is research on the forms of movement that are likely to be associated with different environmental c ...
CONSIDERATIONS FOR CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY ADAPTATION ON THE
... States in response to climate change and also provide some context about federal Indian law and the Navajo Reservation. In Chapter 2, we present an example of one way to approach the adaptation planning process, all the way from scoping and engagement to strategy implementation and monitoring and ev ...
... States in response to climate change and also provide some context about federal Indian law and the Navajo Reservation. In Chapter 2, we present an example of one way to approach the adaptation planning process, all the way from scoping and engagement to strategy implementation and monitoring and ev ...
Colorado Climate Change Vulnerability Study
... like heat and cold, will increase 125% by the year 2030. • An estimated 12.5% of Colorado residents currently live in poverty, potentially making them less able to adapt to climate variability and climate change. • Only 20% of Colorado’s wildland-urban interface (WUI) is currently developed, with t ...
... like heat and cold, will increase 125% by the year 2030. • An estimated 12.5% of Colorado residents currently live in poverty, potentially making them less able to adapt to climate variability and climate change. • Only 20% of Colorado’s wildland-urban interface (WUI) is currently developed, with t ...
Inuit Priorities for Canada`s Climate Strategy
... a low-carbon economy. This transition must be just and equitable for Inuit. Climate actions must be considered handin-glove with their links to troubling socio-economic inequities faced by Inuit. Not only are we experiencing the frontline impacts of climate change but we are also highly vulnerable t ...
... a low-carbon economy. This transition must be just and equitable for Inuit. Climate actions must be considered handin-glove with their links to troubling socio-economic inequities faced by Inuit. Not only are we experiencing the frontline impacts of climate change but we are also highly vulnerable t ...
Potential for Abrupt Changes in Atmospheric Methane
... total contribution to ~0.7 W m-2 (e.g., Hansen and Sato, 2001), nearly half of that for carbon dioxide (CO2) . Increases in methane emissions can also increase the methane lifetime and the lifetimes of other gases oxidized by the hydroxyl radical (OH). Assuming the abundances of all other parameters ...
... total contribution to ~0.7 W m-2 (e.g., Hansen and Sato, 2001), nearly half of that for carbon dioxide (CO2) . Increases in methane emissions can also increase the methane lifetime and the lifetimes of other gases oxidized by the hydroxyl radical (OH). Assuming the abundances of all other parameters ...
Turn Down the Heat - Open Knowledge Repository
... for South East Asia by 2071–2099 relative to 1951–80 4.7 Regional sea-level rise projections for 2081–2100 (relative to 1986–2005) under RCP8.5 4.8 Local sea-level rise above 1986–2005 mean level as a result of global climate change 4.9 Low elevation areas in the Vietnamese deltas 4.10 Pop ...
... for South East Asia by 2071–2099 relative to 1951–80 4.7 Regional sea-level rise projections for 2081–2100 (relative to 1986–2005) under RCP8.5 4.8 Local sea-level rise above 1986–2005 mean level as a result of global climate change 4.9 Low elevation areas in the Vietnamese deltas 4.10 Pop ...
An Integrated Assessment of Changes in the Thermohaline Circulation
... reveals widely differing views about the probability of a shutdown being triggered this century, with some estimates even exceeding the 50% level for scenarios with high global temperature rise. Narrowing down this uncertainty will first of all require a better physical understanding of what determi ...
... reveals widely differing views about the probability of a shutdown being triggered this century, with some estimates even exceeding the 50% level for scenarios with high global temperature rise. Narrowing down this uncertainty will first of all require a better physical understanding of what determi ...
Interaction of impacts of doubling CO2 and changing regional land
... without and with natural and anthropogenic land-cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar-sized (≈3.27x106 km2 ) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions w ...
... without and with natural and anthropogenic land-cover changes that are assumed in the inner core of four hydrothermally different, but similar-sized (≈3.27x106 km2 ) regions (Yukon, Ob, St. Lawrence, Colorado, and lands adjacent to them). A further set of simulations assumes 710 ppm CO2 conditions w ...
http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i2146e/i2146e.pdf
... 2.22 The EAA planning and implementation process ......................................................................... 49 2.23 Main issues relating to aquaculture impacts on the ecosystem.................................................... 52 2.24 Ecological issues relating to aquaculture feed . ...
... 2.22 The EAA planning and implementation process ......................................................................... 49 2.23 Main issues relating to aquaculture impacts on the ecosystem.................................................... 52 2.24 Ecological issues relating to aquaculture feed . ...
CGE training material
... Baseline Scenario Definitions: Examples from the Literature • International Energy Agency’s widely cited World Energy Outlook 2011 presents two: − Current Policies Scenario (“show how the future might look on the basis of the perpetuation, without change, of the government policies and measures that ...
... Baseline Scenario Definitions: Examples from the Literature • International Energy Agency’s widely cited World Energy Outlook 2011 presents two: − Current Policies Scenario (“show how the future might look on the basis of the perpetuation, without change, of the government policies and measures that ...
BATES et al 2008 Climate Change and Water
... precipitation patterns, intensity and extremes; reduced snow cover and widespread melting of ice; and changes in soil moisture and runoff. Precipitation changes show substantial spatial and inter-decadal variability. Over the 20th century, precipitation has mostly increased over land in high norther ...
... precipitation patterns, intensity and extremes; reduced snow cover and widespread melting of ice; and changes in soil moisture and runoff. Precipitation changes show substantial spatial and inter-decadal variability. Over the 20th century, precipitation has mostly increased over land in high norther ...
Climate Change and Water
... precipitation patterns, intensity and extremes; reduced snow cover and widespread melting of ice; and changes in soil moisture and runoff. Precipitation changes show substantial spatial and inter-decadal variability. Over the 20th century, precipitation has mostly increased over land in high norther ...
... precipitation patterns, intensity and extremes; reduced snow cover and widespread melting of ice; and changes in soil moisture and runoff. Precipitation changes show substantial spatial and inter-decadal variability. Over the 20th century, precipitation has mostly increased over land in high norther ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.