The Medieval Quiet Period - Department of Geosciences
... millennia, though the timing and duration of that interval is illdefined (Lamb, 1965). Numerous articles have compared the average temperature in recent decades, with paleotemperature estimates for different intervals of time during the Medieval period sensu lato (from the Fall of Rome in 476 CE to ...
... millennia, though the timing and duration of that interval is illdefined (Lamb, 1965). Numerous articles have compared the average temperature in recent decades, with paleotemperature estimates for different intervals of time during the Medieval period sensu lato (from the Fall of Rome in 476 CE to ...
Adaptation to Climate Change
... – Enhanced action on technology development and transfer to support action on mitigation and adaptation; – Enhanced action on the provision of financial resources and investment to support action on mitigation and adaptation and technology cooperation ...
... – Enhanced action on technology development and transfer to support action on mitigation and adaptation; – Enhanced action on the provision of financial resources and investment to support action on mitigation and adaptation and technology cooperation ...
PPT - Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group
... many processes. E.g., microphysics of cloud droplet formation, vegetation processes. Input Tilt of earth, geography, greenhouse gas content ...
... many processes. E.g., microphysics of cloud droplet formation, vegetation processes. Input Tilt of earth, geography, greenhouse gas content ...
Climate Change and Sustainable Development in Brazilian Law
... It would have been even better had the Congress expressly included private companies in this article at the time the bill was passed. These companies generate negative externalities such as deforestation, pollution of air, soil, and water and, in particular, greenhouse gas emissions, which cause glo ...
... It would have been even better had the Congress expressly included private companies in this article at the time the bill was passed. These companies generate negative externalities such as deforestation, pollution of air, soil, and water and, in particular, greenhouse gas emissions, which cause glo ...
Communicating the science of climate change
... on different models and different scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions. The report stressed that thermal expansion contributed 70–75% of the central estimates for all the scenarios. It warned that melt water from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets might contribute significantly to sea-level ri ...
... on different models and different scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions. The report stressed that thermal expansion contributed 70–75% of the central estimates for all the scenarios. It warned that melt water from the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets might contribute significantly to sea-level ri ...
Fixing a critical climate error T. Searchinger et al 2009
... Another study predicts that, based solely on economic considerations, bioenergy could displace 59% of the world’s natural forest cover and release an additional 9 Gt of CO2 per year to achieve a 50% “cut” in greenhouse gases by 2050 (3). The reason: When bioenergy from any biomass is counted as carb ...
... Another study predicts that, based solely on economic considerations, bioenergy could displace 59% of the world’s natural forest cover and release an additional 9 Gt of CO2 per year to achieve a 50% “cut” in greenhouse gases by 2050 (3). The reason: When bioenergy from any biomass is counted as carb ...
Biogeophysical effects of CO2 fertilization on global climate
... fertilization. In contrast, we refer to the potential amelioration of the greenhouse radiative impact of CO 2 resulting from its sequestration by vegetation as the ‘biogeochemical’ effects of CO 2 fertilization. How large are the biogeophysical effects of CO 2 fertilization? In equilibrium experimen ...
... fertilization. In contrast, we refer to the potential amelioration of the greenhouse radiative impact of CO 2 resulting from its sequestration by vegetation as the ‘biogeochemical’ effects of CO 2 fertilization. How large are the biogeophysical effects of CO 2 fertilization? In equilibrium experimen ...
Climate Change and Ozone Depletion
... troposphere during this century would give us little time to deal with its harmful effects. As a prevention strategy scientists urge to cut global CO2 emissions in half over the next 50 years. ...
... troposphere during this century would give us little time to deal with its harmful effects. As a prevention strategy scientists urge to cut global CO2 emissions in half over the next 50 years. ...
Potential for Southern Hemisphere climate
... in the Northern Hemisphere and attendant increases in extreme events at mid- to high northern latitudes (Screen and Simmonds, 2014; Francis and Vavrus, 2015). In addition, the effects of tropical variability appear to have propagated poleward to influence the Arctic and the mid-latitudes (Ding et al ...
... in the Northern Hemisphere and attendant increases in extreme events at mid- to high northern latitudes (Screen and Simmonds, 2014; Francis and Vavrus, 2015). In addition, the effects of tropical variability appear to have propagated poleward to influence the Arctic and the mid-latitudes (Ding et al ...
Free PDF
... To gain a much better understanding of methods to integrate both mitigation and adaptation approaches, BRANZ Ltd developed a two-year research programme exploring building solutions to deliver a carbon-neutral built environment and adapted built environment relevant to New Zealand’s anticipated clim ...
... To gain a much better understanding of methods to integrate both mitigation and adaptation approaches, BRANZ Ltd developed a two-year research programme exploring building solutions to deliver a carbon-neutral built environment and adapted built environment relevant to New Zealand’s anticipated clim ...
What to Do? Does Science have a Role?
... • Climate change is real • The costs of unregulated climate change greatly exceed the costs of mitigation • There exist various technologies that, in combination, could limit global warming to acceptable levels (< 20C above pre-industrial) • The estimated costs (-1% to 4% of GDP), although appearing ...
... • Climate change is real • The costs of unregulated climate change greatly exceed the costs of mitigation • There exist various technologies that, in combination, could limit global warming to acceptable levels (< 20C above pre-industrial) • The estimated costs (-1% to 4% of GDP), although appearing ...
RACP Climate Change and Health Position Statement
... Climate change has the potential to exacerbate current and intergenerational health inequities and specific strategies are needed to identify and protect those most at risk. Financial Risk to Health Systems In 2010 it was estimated that climate change was responsible for economic losses equivalent ...
... Climate change has the potential to exacerbate current and intergenerational health inequities and specific strategies are needed to identify and protect those most at risk. Financial Risk to Health Systems In 2010 it was estimated that climate change was responsible for economic losses equivalent ...
Titel
... How does it matter to governance? Coping Strategies for climate change can only be effective If they are supported and accepted by relevant stakeholders If they consider and implement respective modes of perception and knowledge Regional and cultural patterns should be identified to increase ...
... How does it matter to governance? Coping Strategies for climate change can only be effective If they are supported and accepted by relevant stakeholders If they consider and implement respective modes of perception and knowledge Regional and cultural patterns should be identified to increase ...
S`pore to get hotter, more extreme weather in future
... Two scenarios were examined: if the world does nothing to act ...
... Two scenarios were examined: if the world does nothing to act ...
ficha proyecto para taller de adaptación
... The poor populations of rural areas in Panama are highly dependent on land and water resources and are extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change, such as drought and flooding. The evidence (vulnerability studies) demonstrates that it is vital for Panama to implement measures to adapt to, ...
... The poor populations of rural areas in Panama are highly dependent on land and water resources and are extremely vulnerable to the effects of climate change, such as drought and flooding. The evidence (vulnerability studies) demonstrates that it is vital for Panama to implement measures to adapt to, ...
No Regrets Charter
... particular torrential rain and storm events will proliferate — albeit with differing regional intensity. The various dimensions of climate change remain uncertain. It is doubtful whether the aim of limiting temperature increase to no more than two degrees can be adhered to. Mitigation remains essent ...
... particular torrential rain and storm events will proliferate — albeit with differing regional intensity. The various dimensions of climate change remain uncertain. It is doubtful whether the aim of limiting temperature increase to no more than two degrees can be adhered to. Mitigation remains essent ...
Slide 1
... appropriate to South Africa. Therefore a need to evaluate those measures that are appropriate. As far as possible an objective evaluation – potential for a generic tool that may be transferable to other jurisdictions. ...
... appropriate to South Africa. Therefore a need to evaluate those measures that are appropriate. As far as possible an objective evaluation – potential for a generic tool that may be transferable to other jurisdictions. ...
Is Nordic forestry prepared for climate change?
... On the other hand, movement of genetic material may change the genetic composition of forests, which may have long-term effects on the genetic diversity of forest tree species and knock-on effects on other species in forest ecosystems. Hence, with the increased stress that may be imposed on forests ...
... On the other hand, movement of genetic material may change the genetic composition of forests, which may have long-term effects on the genetic diversity of forest tree species and knock-on effects on other species in forest ecosystems. Hence, with the increased stress that may be imposed on forests ...
Global Warming- Boon or Bane
... productive uses of energy. According to Poterba, a tax of $100/ ton on carbon would reduce U.S. CO2 emissions to below levels in the late 1980s while raising approximately $200 billion, or more than 3% GDP, for the government. However, the price to pay for the reduction isn’t easy to measure. Pearce ...
... productive uses of energy. According to Poterba, a tax of $100/ ton on carbon would reduce U.S. CO2 emissions to below levels in the late 1980s while raising approximately $200 billion, or more than 3% GDP, for the government. However, the price to pay for the reduction isn’t easy to measure. Pearce ...
Coping with Climate Change in the Next Half-Century
... harms that will befall them in a warmer world—the small island nations—are unfortunately among the smallest emitters and have the least leverage on the underlying problem. Even if the world’s nations agreed tomorrow to reduce CO2 emissions, it would still be decades before the global energy system c ...
... harms that will befall them in a warmer world—the small island nations—are unfortunately among the smallest emitters and have the least leverage on the underlying problem. Even if the world’s nations agreed tomorrow to reduce CO2 emissions, it would still be decades before the global energy system c ...
The anti-politics of the Green Climate Fund: what is left to
... abated as a consequence. For example, an analysis of the more established CDM pattern of expenditure in ...
... abated as a consequence. For example, an analysis of the more established CDM pattern of expenditure in ...
World Bank Bangkok Briefing - World Economy and Development
... • Support investments based on country-led strategies, and • Be flexible and efficient to respond to country demand and provide innovative solutions to mobilize private sector • Maximize co-benefits, particularly in relation to poverty reduction and sustainable management of natural resources and ec ...
... • Support investments based on country-led strategies, and • Be flexible and efficient to respond to country demand and provide innovative solutions to mobilize private sector • Maximize co-benefits, particularly in relation to poverty reduction and sustainable management of natural resources and ec ...
BYRON SHIRE COUNCIL
... Policy –Climate Change Strategic Planning Byron and Tweed Shire Councils: Climate Change Risk Assessment, Final Report, May 2009, GHD Byron and Tweed Shire Councils Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan, June 2009, GHD Draft Byron Shire Climate Change Adaptation Implementation Schedule #861850 Aust ...
... Policy –Climate Change Strategic Planning Byron and Tweed Shire Councils: Climate Change Risk Assessment, Final Report, May 2009, GHD Byron and Tweed Shire Councils Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan, June 2009, GHD Draft Byron Shire Climate Change Adaptation Implementation Schedule #861850 Aust ...
Global Climatic Mayhem
... arrogance, military adventurism and simple greed.11 We have reached a point where we can no longer be sure, with absolute certainty, that day will follow night and water will always flow downhill. (As any mathematician will tell you, such is the nature of non-linear processes, threshold effects and ...
... arrogance, military adventurism and simple greed.11 We have reached a point where we can no longer be sure, with absolute certainty, that day will follow night and water will always flow downhill. (As any mathematician will tell you, such is the nature of non-linear processes, threshold effects and ...
Summary of Oceans Issues from IPCC Fifth Assessment Report`s
... process-based models with observations, and the inclusion of ice-sheet dynamical changes. These ranges are derived from climate projections in combination with process-based models and literature assessment of glacier and ice sheet contributions. In the projections, thermal expansion accounts for 30 ...
... process-based models with observations, and the inclusion of ice-sheet dynamical changes. These ranges are derived from climate projections in combination with process-based models and literature assessment of glacier and ice sheet contributions. In the projections, thermal expansion accounts for 30 ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.