CO2 as a primary driver of Phanerozoic climate: COMMENT
... Royer et al. do not dispute the existence of the CRF/temperature correlation of Shaviv and Veizer (2003), only its role relative to that of CO2. The CRF effect should therefore be incorporated as a complementary factor into the existing climate models. Once this solar amplification is included, the ...
... Royer et al. do not dispute the existence of the CRF/temperature correlation of Shaviv and Veizer (2003), only its role relative to that of CO2. The CRF effect should therefore be incorporated as a complementary factor into the existing climate models. Once this solar amplification is included, the ...
Massachusetts v. EPA, 127 S.Ct. 1438 (2007)
... submission, EPA requested public comment on "all the issues raised in [the] petition," adding a "particular" request for comments on "any scientific, technical, legal, economic or other aspect of these issues that may be relevant to EPA's consideration of this petition." 66 Fed. Reg. ...
... submission, EPA requested public comment on "all the issues raised in [the] petition," adding a "particular" request for comments on "any scientific, technical, legal, economic or other aspect of these issues that may be relevant to EPA's consideration of this petition." 66 Fed. Reg. ...
CIDSE_encyclical_press_release
... Today CIDSE echoed the Pope’s urgent and timely call for politicians, communities and people of all generations to act on climate change and social injustice. CIDSE warmly welcomes the encyclical “Laudato si’” on Care for our Common Home, whose open tone and bottom-up approach paves the way for dial ...
... Today CIDSE echoed the Pope’s urgent and timely call for politicians, communities and people of all generations to act on climate change and social injustice. CIDSE warmly welcomes the encyclical “Laudato si’” on Care for our Common Home, whose open tone and bottom-up approach paves the way for dial ...
5-Russel 2012
... which they originate) allows incorporation of conditions at that scale (both natural and anthropogenic) to be incorporated into models to forecast potential responses by ecosystems. Interacting stressors and synergies The eVects of changing global environmental conditions will manifest at similar sc ...
... which they originate) allows incorporation of conditions at that scale (both natural and anthropogenic) to be incorporated into models to forecast potential responses by ecosystems. Interacting stressors and synergies The eVects of changing global environmental conditions will manifest at similar sc ...
A RICARDIAN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
... two-season specification to the four-season specification revealed that only a few climate coefficients in the four-season model were significant. The twoseason specification appeared to capture the important seasonal effects of climate. In the next specification, we tested whether climate interacti ...
... two-season specification to the four-season specification revealed that only a few climate coefficients in the four-season model were significant. The twoseason specification appeared to capture the important seasonal effects of climate. In the next specification, we tested whether climate interacti ...
Historical responsibility for climate change: science and the science-policy interface
... terrestrial carbon uptake. Instead of giving less weight to early emissions, nonlinearity between radiative forcing and concentrations of CO2 gives more weight to early emissions. Giving objective policy advice is further challenged by the fact that historical contributions to climate change are not ...
... terrestrial carbon uptake. Instead of giving less weight to early emissions, nonlinearity between radiative forcing and concentrations of CO2 gives more weight to early emissions. Giving objective policy advice is further challenged by the fact that historical contributions to climate change are not ...
Tried and tested: Learning from farmers on adaptation to
... pastoralists in poor countries as they cope with climatic extremes and increasing uncertainty – climate-change related or otherwise. IIED has 40 years’ experience of working with these producers; this Gatekeeper paper draws lessons from this wealth of knowledge in order to inform adaptation planning ...
... pastoralists in poor countries as they cope with climatic extremes and increasing uncertainty – climate-change related or otherwise. IIED has 40 years’ experience of working with these producers; this Gatekeeper paper draws lessons from this wealth of knowledge in order to inform adaptation planning ...
KLMC Advocacy Plan - Kenya livestock Marketing Council
... The long term goal of this project is to achieve climate resilient pastoralists’ communities with strengthened voice and participation in climate change policy making processes in Kenya. This goal will be attained by realization of the project’s long term outcomes such as enactment and implementatio ...
... The long term goal of this project is to achieve climate resilient pastoralists’ communities with strengthened voice and participation in climate change policy making processes in Kenya. This goal will be attained by realization of the project’s long term outcomes such as enactment and implementatio ...
Mayors Adapt - EN Political Commitment
... the various impacts of climate change – such as extreme weather events, like heat waves, storms, floods and droughts, as well as longer term changes, like economic losses and public health problems – although emission reduction efforts are already underway. Local authorities are key drivers in the i ...
... the various impacts of climate change – such as extreme weather events, like heat waves, storms, floods and droughts, as well as longer term changes, like economic losses and public health problems – although emission reduction efforts are already underway. Local authorities are key drivers in the i ...
an australian policy framework - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... As with mitigation policy, correcting the market failures identified in chapters 17 to 19 will also be centrally important to an efficient and effective adaptation policy response. Ideally mitigation and adaptation strategies would embody measures that correct the tendency for regulatory and instit ...
... As with mitigation policy, correcting the market failures identified in chapters 17 to 19 will also be centrally important to an efficient and effective adaptation policy response. Ideally mitigation and adaptation strategies would embody measures that correct the tendency for regulatory and instit ...
The Great Global Warming Swindle
... been unhappy with some of the more excitable climate-change stories in the British media, most conspicuously the notion that the Gulf Stream could disappear, among others. When a journalist approaches me suggesting a "critical approach" to a technical subject, as the email states, my inference is th ...
... been unhappy with some of the more excitable climate-change stories in the British media, most conspicuously the notion that the Gulf Stream could disappear, among others. When a journalist approaches me suggesting a "critical approach" to a technical subject, as the email states, my inference is th ...
Climate Balloons - Development and Peace
... - What improvements have been made in the enclosure? - Why might improvements take a long time to see? (As with negative effects, positive changes can take time to show results). - What climate-harming practices were we not able to address? (Such as Canada’s energy production, global deforestation, ...
... - What improvements have been made in the enclosure? - Why might improvements take a long time to see? (As with negative effects, positive changes can take time to show results). - What climate-harming practices were we not able to address? (Such as Canada’s energy production, global deforestation, ...
Measures To Reduce The Urban Heat Island Effect In Rosemont
... to educate the public and developers about the impacts of UHIs on human health and energy consumption and effectively enforce the new regulatory measure. More than 300 permits for reflective roofs were issued within the first year that the bylaw was in effect. ...
... to educate the public and developers about the impacts of UHIs on human health and energy consumption and effectively enforce the new regulatory measure. More than 300 permits for reflective roofs were issued within the first year that the bylaw was in effect. ...
Forecasting the combined effects of urbanization
... functional groups (e.g. feeding, spawning, temperature). While there is a rich literature on stream fishes, the impacts of climate change on their resource base are not well understood. Changes in food availability (an indirect effect) may exert as much control over fish growth and reproduction as d ...
... functional groups (e.g. feeding, spawning, temperature). While there is a rich literature on stream fishes, the impacts of climate change on their resource base are not well understood. Changes in food availability (an indirect effect) may exert as much control over fish growth and reproduction as d ...
Climate change and water resources
... Non-linear biophysical changes refer to the risk of sudden or extreme climate changes, caused by the physical and biological factors that influence the earth’s climate. Similarly, climate change can be further accelerated by positive feedback mechanisms. For example, at a certain threshold, the abil ...
... Non-linear biophysical changes refer to the risk of sudden or extreme climate changes, caused by the physical and biological factors that influence the earth’s climate. Similarly, climate change can be further accelerated by positive feedback mechanisms. For example, at a certain threshold, the abil ...
All Climate Change is Local: Understanding and Predicting the
... climate change, depending on how close organisms are living to their environmental limits and their thermal optima. Which species or populations are “winners” or “losers” may be determined by comparing the performance curves of a range of species under different climate scenarios. Invasive species a ...
... climate change, depending on how close organisms are living to their environmental limits and their thermal optima. Which species or populations are “winners” or “losers” may be determined by comparing the performance curves of a range of species under different climate scenarios. Invasive species a ...
Global Climate Risk Index 2015
... The Germanwatch Global Climate Risk Index is an analysis based on one of the most reliable data sets available on the impacts of extreme weather events and associated socio-economic data. The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2015 is the 10th edition of the annual analysis. Its aim is to contextualize ...
... The Germanwatch Global Climate Risk Index is an analysis based on one of the most reliable data sets available on the impacts of extreme weather events and associated socio-economic data. The Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2015 is the 10th edition of the annual analysis. Its aim is to contextualize ...
"Weather and Climate" Module Lecture Powerpoint.
... • Climate change models can mimic modern conditions only if human emissions are taken into account. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • Climate change models can mimic modern conditions only if human emissions are taken into account. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Department of Political Science 8t Public Administration University of
... Paris in 2015 which aim, among others, to find lasting solution to climate change. Although the meeting has been applauded to be one of the most significant meetings since over two decades of climate talks, the meeting has since raised a number of questions: Will the principle of differentiation tha ...
... Paris in 2015 which aim, among others, to find lasting solution to climate change. Although the meeting has been applauded to be one of the most significant meetings since over two decades of climate talks, the meeting has since raised a number of questions: Will the principle of differentiation tha ...
Domestic dynamics and international influence
... From a practical policy point of view, understanding the drivers behind domestic climate change legislation is important because it might help to unlock effective emission reduction policies. However, we do not assess the quality of legislation, or indeed judge whether more laws are always desirable ...
... From a practical policy point of view, understanding the drivers behind domestic climate change legislation is important because it might help to unlock effective emission reduction policies. However, we do not assess the quality of legislation, or indeed judge whether more laws are always desirable ...
Thailand_1 - Georgia Institute of Technology
... • Ozone-related health effects are also anticipated to be more significant. • Both ozone and PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 micron meters) are also found to impact climate via direct and indirect effects on radiative forcing. ...
... • Ozone-related health effects are also anticipated to be more significant. • Both ozone and PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 micron meters) are also found to impact climate via direct and indirect effects on radiative forcing. ...
Water in Washington (PDF)
... temperatures, and widespread changes in streamflow timing, flooding, and summer minimum flows. Annual streamflow volumes are not projected to change substantially. Climate change is projected to result in more frequent summer water shortages in some basins, while others remain unaffected – vulnerabi ...
... temperatures, and widespread changes in streamflow timing, flooding, and summer minimum flows. Annual streamflow volumes are not projected to change substantially. Climate change is projected to result in more frequent summer water shortages in some basins, while others remain unaffected – vulnerabi ...
3.3 Evidence of temperature changes in the study regions
... subject and rarely used in relation to global climate policy (Schipper and Burton 2009; Pielke et al. 2007). The focus of the international community was on mitigation: reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and increasing carbon sinks, thereby slowing the rate of global climate change (IPCC 200 ...
... subject and rarely used in relation to global climate policy (Schipper and Burton 2009; Pielke et al. 2007). The focus of the international community was on mitigation: reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and increasing carbon sinks, thereby slowing the rate of global climate change (IPCC 200 ...
Do the stock markets price climate change risks?
... As climate change is becoming hotter as a topic, people are paying more attention and providing various solutions to the risks we’re facing. The ways to respond to this challenge include adaptation and, more essentially, mitigation. Humans, just as other creatures on Earth, have much experience of a ...
... As climate change is becoming hotter as a topic, people are paying more attention and providing various solutions to the risks we’re facing. The ways to respond to this challenge include adaptation and, more essentially, mitigation. Humans, just as other creatures on Earth, have much experience of a ...
Global Climate Change: An Engineering NGO Perspective
... Book author: Becoming Part of the Solution: The Engineer’s Guide to Sustainable Development Past-president of Engineers Without Borders–USA Member of the ASCE Committee on Sustainability Chair of the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) Sustainable Development Committee Subcommit ...
... Book author: Becoming Part of the Solution: The Engineer’s Guide to Sustainable Development Past-president of Engineers Without Borders–USA Member of the ASCE Committee on Sustainability Chair of the International Federation of Consulting Engineers (FIDIC) Sustainable Development Committee Subcommit ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.