compilation of experiences in the field of climate change
... Pastoralism2 has been described as “the finely-honed symbiotic relationship between local ecology, domesticated livestock and people in resource-scarce, climatically marginal and often highly variable conditions” (Davies and Nori 2008). In dry and sub-humid lands, pastoral livelihoods continuously a ...
... Pastoralism2 has been described as “the finely-honed symbiotic relationship between local ecology, domesticated livestock and people in resource-scarce, climatically marginal and often highly variable conditions” (Davies and Nori 2008). In dry and sub-humid lands, pastoral livelihoods continuously a ...
Transcript from COP-22 Ocean Panel moderated by Fred Krueger
... concentration of CO2. And even though it was a barely distinguishable result, it meant that the atmosphere was less consistent than what you would have expected from our industrial civilization. It was about a year or so later that Revelle actually informed President Lyndon Johnson in person of the ...
... concentration of CO2. And even though it was a barely distinguishable result, it meant that the atmosphere was less consistent than what you would have expected from our industrial civilization. It was about a year or so later that Revelle actually informed President Lyndon Johnson in person of the ...
Financing Adaptation: The Case of Morne Trois Pitons and Morne
... climate change, response/adaptive capacity must be built such that the planning mechanisms are put in place to lay the foundation for more directed adaptation actions. Risk must be managed through careful assessments and implementing the associated integrated policies that involve all levels of gove ...
... climate change, response/adaptive capacity must be built such that the planning mechanisms are put in place to lay the foundation for more directed adaptation actions. Risk must be managed through careful assessments and implementing the associated integrated policies that involve all levels of gove ...
Recommendations on Early Actions on Climate Change for the 44th
... better than Democrats. The Reagan Administration and both Bush administrations achieved early policy victories because they chose to focus on a limited number of policy proposals as part of a targeted effort, in contrast to both the Carter and Clinton transitions, which were criticized for concurre ...
... better than Democrats. The Reagan Administration and both Bush administrations achieved early policy victories because they chose to focus on a limited number of policy proposals as part of a targeted effort, in contrast to both the Carter and Clinton transitions, which were criticized for concurre ...
4B.4 IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND WEATHER ON
... well as most types of buses. The study period for which CMV data are available is 1975 to the present. Exposure to adverse weather may occur at any point in distribution supply chain and cause ripple effects in the intermodal transportation system. This paper looks at a specific problem area from th ...
... well as most types of buses. The study period for which CMV data are available is 1975 to the present. Exposure to adverse weather may occur at any point in distribution supply chain and cause ripple effects in the intermodal transportation system. This paper looks at a specific problem area from th ...
Climate Change and Insecurity in the Global South
... Furthermore, over the last five years or so8, the security policy community have come to regard climate change as part of their brief, as have civil society groups that work on defence, conflict analysis and peacebuilding. Whilst this paper is offered in the hope that the Western defence community m ...
... Furthermore, over the last five years or so8, the security policy community have come to regard climate change as part of their brief, as have civil society groups that work on defence, conflict analysis and peacebuilding. Whilst this paper is offered in the hope that the Western defence community m ...
Why We Need A New Direction In Climate Change Science
... Estimated radiative forcings since preindustrial times for the Earth and Troposphere system (TOA) radiative forcing with adjusted stratospheric temperatures). The height of the rectangular bar denotes a central or best estimate of the forcing, while each vertical line is an estimate of the uncertai ...
... Estimated radiative forcings since preindustrial times for the Earth and Troposphere system (TOA) radiative forcing with adjusted stratospheric temperatures). The height of the rectangular bar denotes a central or best estimate of the forcing, while each vertical line is an estimate of the uncertai ...
6 Climate impacts on sectors and policies
... yield reductions from hot and dry summers without the possibility of shifting the crop production into the winter seasons. Adaptation needs and options The main adaptations to changes in duration of the growing season and the start and end of the frost free season are changes in the crop species and ...
... yield reductions from hot and dry summers without the possibility of shifting the crop production into the winter seasons. Adaptation needs and options The main adaptations to changes in duration of the growing season and the start and end of the frost free season are changes in the crop species and ...
DFAE-II WP Series - Addi - University of the Basque Country
... focused exclusively on steady state situations. Nevertheless, simulating a situation of flux using a succession of stationary situations may be a reasonably robust approximation in some circumstances. For example when the initial state of the system is under equilibrium (i.e., steady state) and that ...
... focused exclusively on steady state situations. Nevertheless, simulating a situation of flux using a succession of stationary situations may be a reasonably robust approximation in some circumstances. For example when the initial state of the system is under equilibrium (i.e., steady state) and that ...
Potential Evapotranspiration Under Present and Future
... the future owing to climate variability and change. The relationships between climate, crop, water and soil are complex with many biological processes involved (Rao et al. 2011). The Efficient water management of crops requires accurate irrigation scheduling which, in turn, requires accurate measurem ...
... the future owing to climate variability and change. The relationships between climate, crop, water and soil are complex with many biological processes involved (Rao et al. 2011). The Efficient water management of crops requires accurate irrigation scheduling which, in turn, requires accurate measurem ...
Global Climate Risk Index 2016
... and losses of more than USD 2.97 trillion (in PPP) were incurred as a direct result of over 15 000 extreme weather events. The 2014 New Climate Economy Report forewarns of similar disasters that will occur if no action towards limiting global warming to 2°C (compared to pre-industrial times) is take ...
... and losses of more than USD 2.97 trillion (in PPP) were incurred as a direct result of over 15 000 extreme weather events. The 2014 New Climate Economy Report forewarns of similar disasters that will occur if no action towards limiting global warming to 2°C (compared to pre-industrial times) is take ...
climate in change nature and society challanges for the barents
... faint warming of the water by faster growing of the fish, but at a little stronger warming the temperature tolerance to the fish might be exceeded. Warmer water might also result in more frequent algal blooms and an increased frequency of diseases. Melting of the sea ice in the Polar Sea will make n ...
... faint warming of the water by faster growing of the fish, but at a little stronger warming the temperature tolerance to the fish might be exceeded. Warmer water might also result in more frequent algal blooms and an increased frequency of diseases. Melting of the sea ice in the Polar Sea will make n ...
Urban Planning for Climate Change – Position Paper of FIG Working
... One problem is that some of these effects are reasonably predictable (e.g. changes in global temperature, sea-level-rise), while others are not (e.g. frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, cf. example in figure 2). For urban areas, perhaps the most obvious increased risk comes from the u ...
... One problem is that some of these effects are reasonably predictable (e.g. changes in global temperature, sea-level-rise), while others are not (e.g. frequency and magnitude of extreme weather events, cf. example in figure 2). For urban areas, perhaps the most obvious increased risk comes from the u ...
Executive Report
... emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the global climate system, whether we consider a high emissions scenario (lower mitigation against climate change) or a low emissions scenario (higher mitigation against climate change). Figure 2 - Global temperatures are expect ...
... emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the global climate system, whether we consider a high emissions scenario (lower mitigation against climate change) or a low emissions scenario (higher mitigation against climate change). Figure 2 - Global temperatures are expect ...
PDF
... US and stress that ancillary benefits from reductions in NOX contribute significantly to justifying the cost of reducing carbon emissions. ...
... US and stress that ancillary benefits from reductions in NOX contribute significantly to justifying the cost of reducing carbon emissions. ...
Strategy for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Clilmate Change
... communities in particular, are enormous. The sector and the aquatic environments on which it depends also have potentially important but as yet poorly defined roles in the management and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There are significant issues concerning the impacts of fuel and energ ...
... communities in particular, are enormous. The sector and the aquatic environments on which it depends also have potentially important but as yet poorly defined roles in the management and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There are significant issues concerning the impacts of fuel and energ ...
Science Communication - Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program
... participants why they decided to attend the play and whether they stayed for the total duration of the play. It then included 15 questions about their responses to the play and their understanding of climate change. Four questions were closed-ended, while 11 were open-ended. The design of these ques ...
... participants why they decided to attend the play and whether they stayed for the total duration of the play. It then included 15 questions about their responses to the play and their understanding of climate change. Four questions were closed-ended, while 11 were open-ended. The design of these ques ...
stoten2014a
... a b s t r a c t As the evidence for human induced climate change becomes clearer, so too does the realization that its effects will have impacts on numerous environmental and socio-economic systems. Mountains are recognized as very sensitive physical environments with populations whose histories and ...
... a b s t r a c t As the evidence for human induced climate change becomes clearer, so too does the realization that its effects will have impacts on numerous environmental and socio-economic systems. Mountains are recognized as very sensitive physical environments with populations whose histories and ...
Ensemble modeling, uncertainty and robust predictions
... oday, many studies of future climate change take an ensemble modeling approach in which simulations of future conditions are produced with multiple climate models (or model versions), rather than just one. The need for multiple models stems from uncertainty about how to represent the climate system ...
... oday, many studies of future climate change take an ensemble modeling approach in which simulations of future conditions are produced with multiple climate models (or model versions), rather than just one. The need for multiple models stems from uncertainty about how to represent the climate system ...
http://www.fao.org/3/a-am434e.pdf
... communities in particular, are enormous. The sector and the aquatic environments on which it depends also have potentially important but as yet poorly defined roles in the management and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There are significant issues concerning the impacts of fuel and energ ...
... communities in particular, are enormous. The sector and the aquatic environments on which it depends also have potentially important but as yet poorly defined roles in the management and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There are significant issues concerning the impacts of fuel and energ ...
pdf - Green Alliance
... Rita Clifton and Paula Oliveira of Interbrand argue that government doesn’t need just another advertising campaign to get the public on side, it needs to follow in the footsteps of the best businesses and develop a core ‘brand’. Adhering to this brand based on sustainability would mean applying the ...
... Rita Clifton and Paula Oliveira of Interbrand argue that government doesn’t need just another advertising campaign to get the public on side, it needs to follow in the footsteps of the best businesses and develop a core ‘brand’. Adhering to this brand based on sustainability would mean applying the ...
Evaluating sun–climate relationships since the Little Ice Age
... From the coldest period of the Little Ice Age to the present time\ the surface temperature of the Earth increased by perhaps 9[7>C[ Solar variability may account for part of this warming which\ during the past 249 years\ generally tracks ~uctuating solar activity levels[ While increases in greenhous ...
... From the coldest period of the Little Ice Age to the present time\ the surface temperature of the Earth increased by perhaps 9[7>C[ Solar variability may account for part of this warming which\ during the past 249 years\ generally tracks ~uctuating solar activity levels[ While increases in greenhous ...
Biophysical and economic limits to negative CO2
... BECCS7,35,36 and AR strategies37-40. These studies suggest that there may be considerable costcompetitive potential for these strategies. Other NET options have been studied14,20,41, but most IAMs do not yet represent them. Most IAMs allow biomass-based NETs in the production of electricity and heat ...
... BECCS7,35,36 and AR strategies37-40. These studies suggest that there may be considerable costcompetitive potential for these strategies. Other NET options have been studied14,20,41, but most IAMs do not yet represent them. Most IAMs allow biomass-based NETs in the production of electricity and heat ...
A DYNAMIC SIMULATION MODEL OF CARBON CIRCULATION
... Although climate change in IPCC usage refers to “any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”, activities of mankind have surely precipitated it with disastrous results. Today, increased emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially of carb ...
... Although climate change in IPCC usage refers to “any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”, activities of mankind have surely precipitated it with disastrous results. Today, increased emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially of carb ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.