Trophic interactions and behaviour Per B. Holliland
... a biomanipulation project “Pikeperch in Himmerfjärden”. With the aim to investigate possible trophic pit-falls, give the manipulation the best possible start, and find ways to monitor the progression of the manipulation. In Paper I the diet of the invader cladoceran Cercopagis pengoi is analysed wit ...
... a biomanipulation project “Pikeperch in Himmerfjärden”. With the aim to investigate possible trophic pit-falls, give the manipulation the best possible start, and find ways to monitor the progression of the manipulation. In Paper I the diet of the invader cladoceran Cercopagis pengoi is analysed wit ...
Chap.8 Competition and coexistence
... Consumptive competition is the most common form of competition, occurring in 37.8% of cases. chap08 Competition and coexistence ...
... Consumptive competition is the most common form of competition, occurring in 37.8% of cases. chap08 Competition and coexistence ...
The effect of habitat heterogeneity on species diversity patterns: a
... Brown, 1995; Rosenzweig, 1995; Polis and Winemiller, 1996) is treated separately from the study of landscape ecology, although they represent two sides of the same coin. Landscape ecology deals with the heterogeneity of a landscape and its affected processes; macroecology deals with general patterns ...
... Brown, 1995; Rosenzweig, 1995; Polis and Winemiller, 1996) is treated separately from the study of landscape ecology, although they represent two sides of the same coin. Landscape ecology deals with the heterogeneity of a landscape and its affected processes; macroecology deals with general patterns ...
Community-wide distribution of predator–prey interaction strength in
... parameterized version of Eq. 2. The use of adult biomasses, and the fact that herbivores in experimental feeding trials were offered only a single-species prey resource, were consistent with our goal of estimating maximum per capita interaction strength for each species in the analyses. Finally, we ...
... parameterized version of Eq. 2. The use of adult biomasses, and the fact that herbivores in experimental feeding trials were offered only a single-species prey resource, were consistent with our goal of estimating maximum per capita interaction strength for each species in the analyses. Finally, we ...
2013 печ. 521М Ecology
... Biodiversity of a coral reef Organisms are subject to environmental pressures, but they are also modifiers of their habitats. The regulatory feedback between organisms and their environment can modify conditions from local (e.g., a pond) to global scales (e.g., Gaia), over time and even after death, ...
... Biodiversity of a coral reef Organisms are subject to environmental pressures, but they are also modifiers of their habitats. The regulatory feedback between organisms and their environment can modify conditions from local (e.g., a pond) to global scales (e.g., Gaia), over time and even after death, ...
Chapter 235 - El Niño and Biodiversity
... Although fires are not new to wet tropical areas, their rate of occurrence has generally been on a scale of hundreds to thousands of years so that many forests and tree species are ill-adapted to frequent large-scale fire events (Cochrane, 2003). The observed and projected increase in ENSOinduced wi ...
... Although fires are not new to wet tropical areas, their rate of occurrence has generally been on a scale of hundreds to thousands of years so that many forests and tree species are ill-adapted to frequent large-scale fire events (Cochrane, 2003). The observed and projected increase in ENSOinduced wi ...
The Density-Dependent Growth Rate of Guppies (Poecillia reticulata)
... those guppies with Rivulus, the smaller predator, were larger and mature. Crenicichla preyed upon larger guppies, which could help explain why none of the guppies were full grown. This study did not take into account other possibilities for growth rate, such as density or fecundity; however, it was ...
... those guppies with Rivulus, the smaller predator, were larger and mature. Crenicichla preyed upon larger guppies, which could help explain why none of the guppies were full grown. This study did not take into account other possibilities for growth rate, such as density or fecundity; however, it was ...
State of Michigan’s Status and Strategy for Spiny Waterflea Management Scope Bythotrephes longimanus
... the chemicals required to kill them would also kill native and non-target species without a guarantee that the system would not be invaded again. Physical controls such as skimming are unlikely to have success due to the size and distribution of the spiny waterflea. A. Biological The spiny waterflea ...
... the chemicals required to kill them would also kill native and non-target species without a guarantee that the system would not be invaded again. Physical controls such as skimming are unlikely to have success due to the size and distribution of the spiny waterflea. A. Biological The spiny waterflea ...
Provided for non-commercial research and educational use only.
... mixing counteracts the emergence of patches. In a well-mixed environment, all organisms potentially interact with each other, much in contrast to terrestrial systems, where many species are either ‘sessile’ (plants) or have very limited range sizes (most small invertebrates except for flying insects ...
... mixing counteracts the emergence of patches. In a well-mixed environment, all organisms potentially interact with each other, much in contrast to terrestrial systems, where many species are either ‘sessile’ (plants) or have very limited range sizes (most small invertebrates except for flying insects ...
New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science
... (Poland & McCullough, 2006). There has been some success in closing forest pest invasion pathways (e.g. quarantines on solid wood packing material) but these measures are not likely to be 100% effective. More invasions will continue to occur and many of these are likely to have catastrophic ecologic ...
... (Poland & McCullough, 2006). There has been some success in closing forest pest invasion pathways (e.g. quarantines on solid wood packing material) but these measures are not likely to be 100% effective. More invasions will continue to occur and many of these are likely to have catastrophic ecologic ...
MECHANISMS OF MAINTENANCE OF SPECIES DIVERSITY Peter
... The key question to be addressed below is how mechanisms with stabilizing properties arise in various situations. The theoretical literature supports the concept that stable coexistence necessarily requires important ecological differences between species that we may think of as distinguishing their ...
... The key question to be addressed below is how mechanisms with stabilizing properties arise in various situations. The theoretical literature supports the concept that stable coexistence necessarily requires important ecological differences between species that we may think of as distinguishing their ...
Section 5 WILDLIFE AND SIGNIFICANT WILDLIFE
... Potential: Pied-billed grebes have been reported in Hebron Marsh twice since 1980, the most recent report occurring in 1992. Nesting activity was not reported. Known: The common loon has been observed by Hebron residents in Hebron Bay, Sanborn Bay, by Mayhew Island in Newfound Lake and in Spectacle ...
... Potential: Pied-billed grebes have been reported in Hebron Marsh twice since 1980, the most recent report occurring in 1992. Nesting activity was not reported. Known: The common loon has been observed by Hebron residents in Hebron Bay, Sanborn Bay, by Mayhew Island in Newfound Lake and in Spectacle ...
Population structure of the pearly razorfish - Scientia Marina
... and Speight 2005, Tuya et al. 2011). A large body of literature has covered this research topic. Studies connecting patterns in the abundance of soft-bottom fishes with the structure of the habitat are, however, fewer in number. Soft bottoms are colonized by seagrass meadows, which largely increase ...
... and Speight 2005, Tuya et al. 2011). A large body of literature has covered this research topic. Studies connecting patterns in the abundance of soft-bottom fishes with the structure of the habitat are, however, fewer in number. Soft bottoms are colonized by seagrass meadows, which largely increase ...
NatioNal actioN PlaN for the coNservatioN of albatrosses
... Seabirds, particularly albatrosses, are becoming more threatened, declining much faster than any other birds’ group. These birds face a several threats. Reproduction sites The main threats for species that breed in Brazilian islands is habitat degradation, including suppression of original veget ...
... Seabirds, particularly albatrosses, are becoming more threatened, declining much faster than any other birds’ group. These birds face a several threats. Reproduction sites The main threats for species that breed in Brazilian islands is habitat degradation, including suppression of original veget ...
Guide to Fisheries Science and Stock Assessments
... ¾ A glossary of common fisheries terms, including all terms in bold text found throughout the document – Final Chapter. This guide explains some technical aspects of stock assessments that may be unfamiliar to those not directly involved in fisheries science and the analysis of fish populations. In ...
... ¾ A glossary of common fisheries terms, including all terms in bold text found throughout the document – Final Chapter. This guide explains some technical aspects of stock assessments that may be unfamiliar to those not directly involved in fisheries science and the analysis of fish populations. In ...
PREDATORS, INVISIBLE PREY, AND THE NATURE OF
... source which they acknowledged by swimming in small circles near the water surfact-their natural feeding behavior. The prey were introduced by extinguishing the light for a moment so that the fish would not see the cxperimcntcr’s rapid movements, gently pouring the prey just below the water surface ...
... source which they acknowledged by swimming in small circles near the water surfact-their natural feeding behavior. The prey were introduced by extinguishing the light for a moment so that the fish would not see the cxperimcntcr’s rapid movements, gently pouring the prey just below the water surface ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Their short lifespan is coupled to rapid age-dependent functional decline and expression of cellular and molecular changes comparable to those observed in other vertebrates, including humans. The recent development of transgenesis in this species makes it possible to insert specific constructs into ...
... Their short lifespan is coupled to rapid age-dependent functional decline and expression of cellular and molecular changes comparable to those observed in other vertebrates, including humans. The recent development of transgenesis in this species makes it possible to insert specific constructs into ...
Relationships between biodiversity and
... Kleijn et al., 2006). By incorporating or conserving natural habitat in agricultural ecosystems to preserve native species, these schemes are designed to buffer against potentially damaging effects from agricultural intensification on biodiversity. Kleijn et al., 2006 compared the abundance and richn ...
... Kleijn et al., 2006). By incorporating or conserving natural habitat in agricultural ecosystems to preserve native species, these schemes are designed to buffer against potentially damaging effects from agricultural intensification on biodiversity. Kleijn et al., 2006 compared the abundance and richn ...
Fungal ecology: principles and mechanisms of colonization
... Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite ...
... Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite ...
Savanna herbivore dynamics in a livestock
... far beyond the relatively small sections that are formally protected within larger landscapes. To a greater degree than pertains in most protected areas, where little or no management intervention is the norm, conservation in non-protected landscapes entails active management of wildlife towards sta ...
... far beyond the relatively small sections that are formally protected within larger landscapes. To a greater degree than pertains in most protected areas, where little or no management intervention is the norm, conservation in non-protected landscapes entails active management of wildlife towards sta ...
Does a warmer climate with frequent mild water shortages
... Huston 1997) but if these dominant species are either less resistant or have a low regeneration capacity after the stress, community resistance might decline. As a matter of fact, not all the studies support the positive relationship between biodiversity and stability of productivity. For instance, ...
... Huston 1997) but if these dominant species are either less resistant or have a low regeneration capacity after the stress, community resistance might decline. As a matter of fact, not all the studies support the positive relationship between biodiversity and stability of productivity. For instance, ...
An Invasive Species Reduces Aquatic Insect Flux to Terrestrial Food
... in the Great Basin Province at over 40 km2 (Ayala et al. 2007). It is composed of numerous spring wells and large, shallow marshes connected by flowing channels. All of these spring wells are geothermally heated (approximately 25 °C year-round). Numerous terrestrial species depend on this system for ...
... in the Great Basin Province at over 40 km2 (Ayala et al. 2007). It is composed of numerous spring wells and large, shallow marshes connected by flowing channels. All of these spring wells are geothermally heated (approximately 25 °C year-round). Numerous terrestrial species depend on this system for ...
Ch 56 PPT
... • In addition to transporting nutrients from one location to another, humans have added new materials, some of them toxins, to ecosystems • Harvest of agricultural crops exports nutrients from the agricultural ecosystem • Agriculture leads to the depletion of nutrients in the soil • Fertilizers add ...
... • In addition to transporting nutrients from one location to another, humans have added new materials, some of them toxins, to ecosystems • Harvest of agricultural crops exports nutrients from the agricultural ecosystem • Agriculture leads to the depletion of nutrients in the soil • Fertilizers add ...
Overexploitation
Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Sustained overexploitation can lead to the destruction of the resource. The term applies to natural resources such as: wild medicinal plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water aquifers.In ecology, overexploitation describes one of the five main activities threatening global biodiversity. Ecologists use the term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for reproduction. This can result in extinction at the population level and even extinction of whole species. In conservation biology the term is usually used in the context of human economic activity that involves the taking of biological resources, or organisms, in larger numbers than their populations can withstand. The term is also used and defined somewhat differently in fisheries, hydrology and natural resource management.Overexploitation can lead to resource destruction, including extinctions. However it is also possible for overexploitation to be sustainable, as discussed below in the section on fisheries. In the context of fishing, the term overfishing can be used instead of overexploitation, as can overgrazing in stock management, overlogging in forest management, overdrafting in aquifer management, and endangered species in species monitoring. Overexploitation is not an activity limited to humans. Introduced predators and herbivores, for example, can overexploit native flora and fauna.