Extreme Rainfall Non-stationarity Investigation and Intensity
... necessary to conduct further analysis. Therefore, three statistical tests, which are augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) and Phillips-Perron (PP), were adopted in this study to investigate non-stationarity in extreme rainfall time series data. These tests were sel ...
... necessary to conduct further analysis. Therefore, three statistical tests, which are augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) and Phillips-Perron (PP), were adopted in this study to investigate non-stationarity in extreme rainfall time series data. These tests were sel ...
Global changes in seasonal means and extremes of precipitation
... [2] Changes in extreme weather and climate events have significant impacts and are among the most serious challenges to society in coping with a changing climate [U.S. Climate Change Science Program, 2008]. Indeed, “confidence has increased that some extremes will become more frequent, more widespre ...
... [2] Changes in extreme weather and climate events have significant impacts and are among the most serious challenges to society in coping with a changing climate [U.S. Climate Change Science Program, 2008]. Indeed, “confidence has increased that some extremes will become more frequent, more widespre ...
Malaria in the African highlands: past, present and future
... Malaria en Afrique (ARMA), unpublished data, 1997). Thus while it may be possible to predict the physical location of epidemic-prone areas, identifying when an epidemic is likely to occur may be more problematic. Global temperature change. More recently there has been growing concern that global war ...
... Malaria en Afrique (ARMA), unpublished data, 1997). Thus while it may be possible to predict the physical location of epidemic-prone areas, identifying when an epidemic is likely to occur may be more problematic. Global temperature change. More recently there has been growing concern that global war ...
Background Report on ICTs and Climate Change
... The Kyoto and London events led to the establishment of an ITU-T Focus Group on ICTs & Climate Change by TSAG in July 2008. The Focus Group analyzed and identified gaps in the areas of definitions and developed agreed methodologies and appropriate tools to measure the impact of ICTs on climate chang ...
... The Kyoto and London events led to the establishment of an ITU-T Focus Group on ICTs & Climate Change by TSAG in July 2008. The Focus Group analyzed and identified gaps in the areas of definitions and developed agreed methodologies and appropriate tools to measure the impact of ICTs on climate chang ...
Climate Change, Economic Growth, and Conflict
... means (Lomborg, 2001; Simon, 1998). Simon (1998) for instance notes that, although population growth can lead to shortages or increased economic burdens in the short run, the ability of society to respond to such circumstances by improvements in technology and efficiency usually outstrips the constr ...
... means (Lomborg, 2001; Simon, 1998). Simon (1998) for instance notes that, although population growth can lead to shortages or increased economic burdens in the short run, the ability of society to respond to such circumstances by improvements in technology and efficiency usually outstrips the constr ...
Public Understanding of Climate Change in the United States
... Intrinsically Difficult to Understand Some fundamental attributes of climate change make it hard to understand.5 The main causes of climate change (greenhouse gases) are invisible, its impacts are geographically and temporally distant for most Americans, and, as discussed below, its signals are hard ...
... Intrinsically Difficult to Understand Some fundamental attributes of climate change make it hard to understand.5 The main causes of climate change (greenhouse gases) are invisible, its impacts are geographically and temporally distant for most Americans, and, as discussed below, its signals are hard ...
Public Understanding of Climate Change in the United States
... Intrinsically Difficult to Understand Some fundamental attributes of climate change make it hard to understand.5 The main causes of climate change (greenhouse gases) are invisible, its impacts are geographically and temporally distant for most Americans, and, as discussed below, its signals are hard ...
... Intrinsically Difficult to Understand Some fundamental attributes of climate change make it hard to understand.5 The main causes of climate change (greenhouse gases) are invisible, its impacts are geographically and temporally distant for most Americans, and, as discussed below, its signals are hard ...
Author's personal copy On the use
... but similar numbers (23%, 33%, 21%) also considered climate change ‘not very serious’ personally. In this sense, the approach is consistent with a ‘discursively representative’ sample (see Dryzek and Niemeyer, 2008) where Q methodology reveals a relatively small number of attitudinal ‘types’. What i ...
... but similar numbers (23%, 33%, 21%) also considered climate change ‘not very serious’ personally. In this sense, the approach is consistent with a ‘discursively representative’ sample (see Dryzek and Niemeyer, 2008) where Q methodology reveals a relatively small number of attitudinal ‘types’. What i ...
Community based adaptation to climate change
... cost-effective way to reduce vulnerability to climate change.13 A longstanding literature within development studies14 has argued that risks posed by disasters and natural hazards are often linked more to social, economic, and even political factors in different contexts rather than simply the size ...
... cost-effective way to reduce vulnerability to climate change.13 A longstanding literature within development studies14 has argued that risks posed by disasters and natural hazards are often linked more to social, economic, and even political factors in different contexts rather than simply the size ...
Global Climate Change:
... 15ºC in 100-1000 years = 1.5º- 15ºC per Century Current warming is at about 0.5ºC over the last century The IPCC Third Assessment Report (2001) estimate for the Climate Sensitivity is 1.5 to 4.5 °C; and the average surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 Celsius degrees over the ...
... 15ºC in 100-1000 years = 1.5º- 15ºC per Century Current warming is at about 0.5ºC over the last century The IPCC Third Assessment Report (2001) estimate for the Climate Sensitivity is 1.5 to 4.5 °C; and the average surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 Celsius degrees over the ...
Building Climate Resilience in the Blue Nile/Abay Highlands: A Role
... research and applications aimed at building greater climate resilience in the area. In this context, we examine climate resilience at the community level, defining it as the ability of communities to withstand and recover from climate-induced stresses. Communities can engage in resilience-building a ...
... research and applications aimed at building greater climate resilience in the area. In this context, we examine climate resilience at the community level, defining it as the ability of communities to withstand and recover from climate-induced stresses. Communities can engage in resilience-building a ...
Climatic Change --Manuscript Draft--
... (~2%) of wildfire-specific PM2.5 concentrations were negative and were set to zero. Wildfirespecific PM2.5 was zero on days when no smoke traversed a given grid cell. Daily county-level wildfire-specific PM2.5 levels were estimated as weighted averages from gridded exposure estimates using as weight ...
... (~2%) of wildfire-specific PM2.5 concentrations were negative and were set to zero. Wildfirespecific PM2.5 was zero on days when no smoke traversed a given grid cell. Daily county-level wildfire-specific PM2.5 levels were estimated as weighted averages from gridded exposure estimates using as weight ...
PDF - World Agroforestry Centre
... Sichuan and northwest Yunnan. The total land area of the Plateau is around 2.5 million km2, accounting for about 26% of China’s land area (Zhang et al. 2002). The average altitude of the Plateau is above 4000 masl, and lying between 26º and 40º latitude, the Plateau is characterized by cold temperat ...
... Sichuan and northwest Yunnan. The total land area of the Plateau is around 2.5 million km2, accounting for about 26% of China’s land area (Zhang et al. 2002). The average altitude of the Plateau is above 4000 masl, and lying between 26º and 40º latitude, the Plateau is characterized by cold temperat ...
climate change, sea-level rise and extreme events
... Ice Sheet (possibly irreversibly). This is because the critical temperature increase for Greenland of 2.3–3.9°C falls well within the likely3 range of global temperature expected if greenhouse gas concentration is stablisied at 550 ppm (CO2 equivalent) (IPCC, 2007, Section 10.7.2; Stern, 2006). Two ...
... Ice Sheet (possibly irreversibly). This is because the critical temperature increase for Greenland of 2.3–3.9°C falls well within the likely3 range of global temperature expected if greenhouse gas concentration is stablisied at 550 ppm (CO2 equivalent) (IPCC, 2007, Section 10.7.2; Stern, 2006). Two ...
the role of the barents sea in the arctic climate system
... temperature) over the last decade is well known [Smedsrud et al., 2010]. This information has been used to evaluate regional and global models and to constrain the previously wide ranges [Simonsen and Haugan, 1996] in heat budgets. [4] The northward flowing Atlantic Water (AW) that keeps the BS partl ...
... temperature) over the last decade is well known [Smedsrud et al., 2010]. This information has been used to evaluate regional and global models and to constrain the previously wide ranges [Simonsen and Haugan, 1996] in heat budgets. [4] The northward flowing Atlantic Water (AW) that keeps the BS partl ...
CLIMATE ASSESSMENT REPORT
... wet conditions alone provided a modicum of predictability that 2011 would more likely be a high rather than a low runoff year in the upper basin. Such a prediction is not synonymous with forecasting a flood event, however, and its limited predictive power was apparent in 2012 when the same anteceden ...
... wet conditions alone provided a modicum of predictability that 2011 would more likely be a high rather than a low runoff year in the upper basin. Such a prediction is not synonymous with forecasting a flood event, however, and its limited predictive power was apparent in 2012 when the same anteceden ...
Trends in rainfall and peak flows for some river basins in India
... Many studies have reported that there were limited investigations on projected flood changes in rivers, especially at regional or continental scale when the IPCC Assessment Report 4 (AR4) was published. However, Kundzewicz et al.1 and Bates et al.53 have reported that due to occurrence of more frequ ...
... Many studies have reported that there were limited investigations on projected flood changes in rivers, especially at regional or continental scale when the IPCC Assessment Report 4 (AR4) was published. However, Kundzewicz et al.1 and Bates et al.53 have reported that due to occurrence of more frequ ...
The BBC and ClimaTe Change: a Triple BeTrayal
... How much of such global warming as has taken place can be ascribed to human activity? Have predictions that this faces the world with an unprecedented threat been based on truly reliable evidence? Considering their immense economic and social implications, how far have the measures put forward by po ...
... How much of such global warming as has taken place can be ascribed to human activity? Have predictions that this faces the world with an unprecedented threat been based on truly reliable evidence? Considering their immense economic and social implications, how far have the measures put forward by po ...
Biological Significance of Phenology
... – English-Loeb, G. M. and R. Karban (1992). "Consequences of variation in flowering phenology for seed head herbivory and reproductive success in Erigeron glaucus (Compositae)." Oecologia 89: 588-595. – How, S. T., W. G. Abrahamson, et al. (1993). "Role of host plant phenology in host use by Eurosta ...
... – English-Loeb, G. M. and R. Karban (1992). "Consequences of variation in flowering phenology for seed head herbivory and reproductive success in Erigeron glaucus (Compositae)." Oecologia 89: 588-595. – How, S. T., W. G. Abrahamson, et al. (1993). "Role of host plant phenology in host use by Eurosta ...
Biological Significance, David Inouye
... – English-Loeb, G. M. and R. Karban (1992). "Consequences of variation in flowering phenology for seed head herbivory and reproductive success in Erigeron glaucus (Compositae)." Oecologia 89: 588-595. – How, S. T., W. G. Abrahamson, et al. (1993). "Role of host plant phenology in host use by Eurosta ...
... – English-Loeb, G. M. and R. Karban (1992). "Consequences of variation in flowering phenology for seed head herbivory and reproductive success in Erigeron glaucus (Compositae)." Oecologia 89: 588-595. – How, S. T., W. G. Abrahamson, et al. (1993). "Role of host plant phenology in host use by Eurosta ...
The Surveyor’s Role in Monitoring, Mitigating, and Adapting to Climate Change FIG REPORT
... change science requires not just ad hoc monitoring of the earth, but rather integrated earth measurement and monitoring systems, many of which are satellite based. These data include radar altimetry, gravity, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), as well as sensors that use reflected or back-scattere ...
... change science requires not just ad hoc monitoring of the earth, but rather integrated earth measurement and monitoring systems, many of which are satellite based. These data include radar altimetry, gravity, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), as well as sensors that use reflected or back-scattere ...
Quantification of hydrologic impacts of climate change in a
... physically based, distributed hydrologic model. The highresolution forcings in reference and future conditions (30year records for each period) were provided by four combinations of global and regional climate models, bias-corrected and downscaled in space and time (from ∼ 25 km, 24 h to 5 km, 1 h) ...
... physically based, distributed hydrologic model. The highresolution forcings in reference and future conditions (30year records for each period) were provided by four combinations of global and regional climate models, bias-corrected and downscaled in space and time (from ∼ 25 km, 24 h to 5 km, 1 h) ...
WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN TRAINING ON VULNERABILITY
... United States convened in Cape Town, South Africa to identify climate change capacity building needs for coastal and marine protected areas (MPAs) in the WIO region. The priorities that emerged at the Climate Change Workshop for Coastal and Marine Protected Areas included: Understanding climate chan ...
... United States convened in Cape Town, South Africa to identify climate change capacity building needs for coastal and marine protected areas (MPAs) in the WIO region. The priorities that emerged at the Climate Change Workshop for Coastal and Marine Protected Areas included: Understanding climate chan ...
climate change
... of climate change displacement. Unless governments take strong preventive action and invest in adaptation, climate change-related phenomena such as floods, droughts, famines and hurricanes could push the total number of permanently displaced people as high as 250 million people, between now and 2050 ...
... of climate change displacement. Unless governments take strong preventive action and invest in adaptation, climate change-related phenomena such as floods, droughts, famines and hurricanes could push the total number of permanently displaced people as high as 250 million people, between now and 2050 ...
Global Climate Change
... • Weather = conditions at localized sites over hours or days • Global climate change = describes trends and variations in Earth’s climate - Temperature, precipitation, storm frequency • Global warming = an increase in Earth’s average temperature - Earth’s climate has varied naturally through time - ...
... • Weather = conditions at localized sites over hours or days • Global climate change = describes trends and variations in Earth’s climate - Temperature, precipitation, storm frequency • Global warming = an increase in Earth’s average temperature - Earth’s climate has varied naturally through time - ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.