The Climate Change Challenge In Africa
... recognized areas of particularly high species richness and endemism known as “biological hot spots”. The continent has a large and diverse heritage of Flora and Fauna. It contains about a fifth of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, and a sixth of amphibians and reptiles. Savannahs, whic ...
... recognized areas of particularly high species richness and endemism known as “biological hot spots”. The continent has a large and diverse heritage of Flora and Fauna. It contains about a fifth of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, and a sixth of amphibians and reptiles. Savannahs, whic ...
Can Climate Influence Cultural Development? A View through Time
... sustained exploitation of food plants in the highlands may have occurred some 3000-5000 years before the evidence at Kuk. The record of climate change and archaeological evidence for agriculture in the highlands of New Guinea over the last 20,000 years is compared in Figure 2. Climatic amelioration ...
... sustained exploitation of food plants in the highlands may have occurred some 3000-5000 years before the evidence at Kuk. The record of climate change and archaeological evidence for agriculture in the highlands of New Guinea over the last 20,000 years is compared in Figure 2. Climatic amelioration ...
Sahelian climate
... as a whole, at least until further advancement is made in the underlying scientific understanding. Projections for temperature tend to be more uniform among climate models and suggest that an increase, especially for summer, is likely to largely exceed the global mean increase. Through an analysis o ...
... as a whole, at least until further advancement is made in the underlying scientific understanding. Projections for temperature tend to be more uniform among climate models and suggest that an increase, especially for summer, is likely to largely exceed the global mean increase. Through an analysis o ...
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
... grid box 28X x 33Y. The rainfall data at station Kuala Sala was presented in daily time series and was converted into month and annual period for analysis purposes. The predictors set were provided by the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data to be used for calibration ...
... grid box 28X x 33Y. The rainfall data at station Kuala Sala was presented in daily time series and was converted into month and annual period for analysis purposes. The predictors set were provided by the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data to be used for calibration ...
climate change in cincinnati
... The autumn months in Ohio, September through November, have had an average temperature of 53.03°F in the past 100 years. In 2006, the average autumn temperature was 52.4°F. Though this is slightly lower than the overall average temperature for the season, the average temperature for autumn has actua ...
... The autumn months in Ohio, September through November, have had an average temperature of 53.03°F in the past 100 years. In 2006, the average autumn temperature was 52.4°F. Though this is slightly lower than the overall average temperature for the season, the average temperature for autumn has actua ...
Su et al, Monitoring climate change - core
... What are the key objectives of CORECLIMAX and how were these decided? By establishing the extent to which observations complement existing climate ...
... What are the key objectives of CORECLIMAX and how were these decided? By establishing the extent to which observations complement existing climate ...
21st century climate change in the European Alps—A review
... Concerning future GHG emissions, only the A1B emission scenario is used. Hence, three of the four major uncertainty components are at least roughly covered. Although only a small fraction of the possible GCM–RCM combinations could be realized and by far not all available GCM simulations could be inc ...
... Concerning future GHG emissions, only the A1B emission scenario is used. Hence, three of the four major uncertainty components are at least roughly covered. Although only a small fraction of the possible GCM–RCM combinations could be realized and by far not all available GCM simulations could be inc ...
Time for action? Options to address climate change Bert Metz
... [1] This is global GDP based market exchange rates. [2] The median and the 10th and 90th percentile range of the analyzed data are given. [3] The calculation of the reduction of the annual growth rate is based on the average reduction during the period till 2030 that would result in the indicated GD ...
... [1] This is global GDP based market exchange rates. [2] The median and the 10th and 90th percentile range of the analyzed data are given. [3] The calculation of the reduction of the annual growth rate is based on the average reduction during the period till 2030 that would result in the indicated GD ...
Climate change - ACT Government
... the concepts of the interdependence of living things within a habitat, an ecosystem, and how change in one part of an ecosystem impacts on other parts some of the processes by which human activities change natural environments in positive and negative ways (e.g. reduce feral cat population in a ...
... the concepts of the interdependence of living things within a habitat, an ecosystem, and how change in one part of an ecosystem impacts on other parts some of the processes by which human activities change natural environments in positive and negative ways (e.g. reduce feral cat population in a ...
Climate impacts threatening Japan today and tomorrow
... increased for Japan. This type of change could translate into more unpredictable rainfall patterns, which would make planning for agriculture and water resource management more difficult. In some areas of Japan, significant decreasing trends in annual mean rainfall have been observed (Cruz et al., 2 ...
... increased for Japan. This type of change could translate into more unpredictable rainfall patterns, which would make planning for agriculture and water resource management more difficult. In some areas of Japan, significant decreasing trends in annual mean rainfall have been observed (Cruz et al., 2 ...
Expansion of the Tropics – Evidence and implications
... statistics of tropopause height to distinguish between Tropics and extratropics (areas outside the tropical zone) in studies was problematic, and that widening trends were particularly sensitive to changes in the tropopause height threshold. Additionally, a number of studies have identified shifts a ...
... statistics of tropopause height to distinguish between Tropics and extratropics (areas outside the tropical zone) in studies was problematic, and that widening trends were particularly sensitive to changes in the tropopause height threshold. Additionally, a number of studies have identified shifts a ...
National contributions to observed global warming
... national climate contributions due to non-CO2 gases represents a mixture of industrial and agricultural sources of emissions, with the result that current areas of extensive agricultural production in the developing world emerge as large contributors alongside more developed countries. Finally, the ...
... national climate contributions due to non-CO2 gases represents a mixture of industrial and agricultural sources of emissions, with the result that current areas of extensive agricultural production in the developing world emerge as large contributors alongside more developed countries. Finally, the ...
Climate Change Projections over India by a
... within the range 15-24%. Mann-Kendall trend test was run on time series data of temperatures and rainfall for the whole India and the results from some of the ensemble members indicated significant increasing trends. Such high resolution climate change information may be useful for the researchers t ...
... within the range 15-24%. Mann-Kendall trend test was run on time series data of temperatures and rainfall for the whole India and the results from some of the ensemble members indicated significant increasing trends. Such high resolution climate change information may be useful for the researchers t ...
Implications of the EU Climate Protection Target for Ireland
... Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the material contained in this publication, complete accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Neither the Environmental Protection Agency nor the author(s) accept any responsibility whatsoever for loss or damage occasioned or claimed to have been o ...
... Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the material contained in this publication, complete accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Neither the Environmental Protection Agency nor the author(s) accept any responsibility whatsoever for loss or damage occasioned or claimed to have been o ...
Modelling forest growth and carbon storage in response to
... have introduced unintended spurious results that do not correspond with reality. Melillo et al. (1996) have shown how the inclusion or omission of certain factors in the plant response to climate change can lead to vastly different results for simulated carbon exchange between the atmosphere and the ...
... have introduced unintended spurious results that do not correspond with reality. Melillo et al. (1996) have shown how the inclusion or omission of certain factors in the plant response to climate change can lead to vastly different results for simulated carbon exchange between the atmosphere and the ...
Polar Science for Planet Earth
... Long-term, quality-controlled and uninterrupted data records are essential to determine both long-term trends and variability in the Earth System. PSPE will maintain existing long-term datasets and build on BAS’s strong tradition of making such observations. Data collection and curation Data are col ...
... Long-term, quality-controlled and uninterrupted data records are essential to determine both long-term trends and variability in the Earth System. PSPE will maintain existing long-term datasets and build on BAS’s strong tradition of making such observations. Data collection and curation Data are col ...
PDF
... 1. Introduction and Overview A recent assessment of the market consequences of global climate change in the US by Jorgenson et al. (2004) concludes that “projected climate change has the potential to impose considerable costs or produce temporary benefits for the US economy over the 21st century, d ...
... 1. Introduction and Overview A recent assessment of the market consequences of global climate change in the US by Jorgenson et al. (2004) concludes that “projected climate change has the potential to impose considerable costs or produce temporary benefits for the US economy over the 21st century, d ...
Evaluating the Use of Ocean Models of Different Complexity in
... Due to these uncertainties, there is no single best climate model or best set of key climate parameters for projecting climate change. A sensible approach is therefore to produce probability distributions for the changes in the most important climate variables. Such probabilistic approaches are als ...
... Due to these uncertainties, there is no single best climate model or best set of key climate parameters for projecting climate change. A sensible approach is therefore to produce probability distributions for the changes in the most important climate variables. Such probabilistic approaches are als ...
Parallels in reactionary argumentation in the US congressional
... droughts, hurricanes and precipitation levels; changes in biodiversity; increased human morbidity and premature mortality; and human migration. What makes climate change pre-eminently a moral issue is that due to the inertia of the climatic system the bulk of impacts of climate change will clearly n ...
... droughts, hurricanes and precipitation levels; changes in biodiversity; increased human morbidity and premature mortality; and human migration. What makes climate change pre-eminently a moral issue is that due to the inertia of the climatic system the bulk of impacts of climate change will clearly n ...
Interpretation of tropical thermocline cooling
... the importance of wave processes and wind stress curl on the sea level variations in the Pacific Ocean, although their focus is on seasonal-to-interannual timescales. [15] In the equatorial region where quasi-geostrophic approximation is not valid, zonal wind anomalies during 1990s are westerlies in ...
... the importance of wave processes and wind stress curl on the sea level variations in the Pacific Ocean, although their focus is on seasonal-to-interannual timescales. [15] In the equatorial region where quasi-geostrophic approximation is not valid, zonal wind anomalies during 1990s are westerlies in ...
impact of climate change on precipitation
... Table 5.1: Ansari Bradley test and correlation for Temperature model Table 5.2: Ansari Bradley test and correlation for precipitation model Table 5.3: List of Predictors finally adopted for Gerukamukh Table 6.1: Correlation & Ansari-Bradley test at Lat-Long : 250N – 900E (CASE1) Table 6.2: Correlati ...
... Table 5.1: Ansari Bradley test and correlation for Temperature model Table 5.2: Ansari Bradley test and correlation for precipitation model Table 5.3: List of Predictors finally adopted for Gerukamukh Table 6.1: Correlation & Ansari-Bradley test at Lat-Long : 250N – 900E (CASE1) Table 6.2: Correlati ...
4. Climate Change Scenarios
... and sea level rise – the same model was used in the IPCC TAR for this purpose. The SCENGEN component uses the global-mean temperature output from MAGICC to scale up the results from 17 transient GCMs to give regional output on temperature and precipitation on a 5 5° grid. MAGICC/SCENGEN also allow ...
... and sea level rise – the same model was used in the IPCC TAR for this purpose. The SCENGEN component uses the global-mean temperature output from MAGICC to scale up the results from 17 transient GCMs to give regional output on temperature and precipitation on a 5 5° grid. MAGICC/SCENGEN also allow ...
Exploring the relationship between climate change and rice yield in
... train is the total rainfall (mm) from December to May, et is the error term, and t is the time (i.e., year). The method of estimation for the Boro model is OLS, for which the objective is to estimate the mean of the dependent variable that minimises the sum of the squares of the residuals. All varia ...
... train is the total rainfall (mm) from December to May, et is the error term, and t is the time (i.e., year). The method of estimation for the Boro model is OLS, for which the objective is to estimate the mean of the dependent variable that minimises the sum of the squares of the residuals. All varia ...
INCORPORATING CATASTROPHES INTO INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT: SCIENCE, IMPACTS, AND ADAPTATION
... Simplifying assumptions are necessary for any modeling exercise. In particular, for policy optimization models that seek to balance the costs and benefits of GHG mitigation, simplifying assumptions are necessary to represent the impact of GHGs on climate and translate these into an aggregate, moneti ...
... Simplifying assumptions are necessary for any modeling exercise. In particular, for policy optimization models that seek to balance the costs and benefits of GHG mitigation, simplifying assumptions are necessary to represent the impact of GHGs on climate and translate these into an aggregate, moneti ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.