El Niño Southern Oscillation
... El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of year-to-year (interannual) climate variability observed globally (e.g., Ropelewski and Halpert 1987, 1989; Philander 1990). Substantial advances in our understanding of ENSO since the late 1960s demonstrate that ENSO is a natural mode of cl ...
... El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of year-to-year (interannual) climate variability observed globally (e.g., Ropelewski and Halpert 1987, 1989; Philander 1990). Substantial advances in our understanding of ENSO since the late 1960s demonstrate that ENSO is a natural mode of cl ...
Aridification determines changes of leaf activity in Pinus halepensis
... al. (2002) suggested that in these areas the growth could be reduced as a consequence of water constraints associated to precipitation decrease and temperature increase in Mediterranean areas. In the present study, we analyzed trends in vegetation activity over a climate gradient (346626 mm averag ...
... al. (2002) suggested that in these areas the growth could be reduced as a consequence of water constraints associated to precipitation decrease and temperature increase in Mediterranean areas. In the present study, we analyzed trends in vegetation activity over a climate gradient (346626 mm averag ...
IUCNBD-Ainun - IUCN
... to about 380 ppm. May reach 800+ ppm by end of this century. Global average temperature is already up by 0.8C. • Stern Review ( 2007) : ‘poorest countries and people will suffer earliest and most’. • Climate change and climate variability are now real and a stable situation is not likely to be achie ...
... to about 380 ppm. May reach 800+ ppm by end of this century. Global average temperature is already up by 0.8C. • Stern Review ( 2007) : ‘poorest countries and people will suffer earliest and most’. • Climate change and climate variability are now real and a stable situation is not likely to be achie ...
Net carbon uptake has increased through warming-induced changes in temperate forest phenology LETTERS
... techniques, and the MODIS land cover dynamics product20 , with two decades of ground observations of individual tree phenology, and measurements of CO2 exchange between forests and the atmosphere at seven long-term research sites. Across all scales (organism, ecosystem, landscape) we detect a consis ...
... techniques, and the MODIS land cover dynamics product20 , with two decades of ground observations of individual tree phenology, and measurements of CO2 exchange between forests and the atmosphere at seven long-term research sites. Across all scales (organism, ecosystem, landscape) we detect a consis ...
Prediction markets prove—Dems win now in 2016
... serious responsibility for the future, though this does not commit us to the more particular position that we have ethical obligations to future generations. The question does not, thus, require an answer at the general level, nor am I prepared here to demarcate specifically the content of our respo ...
... serious responsibility for the future, though this does not commit us to the more particular position that we have ethical obligations to future generations. The question does not, thus, require an answer at the general level, nor am I prepared here to demarcate specifically the content of our respo ...
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... 64% of global nitrous oxide emissions emissions mainly due fertilzer use. Impacts or effects of climate change on agriculture ...
... 64% of global nitrous oxide emissions emissions mainly due fertilzer use. Impacts or effects of climate change on agriculture ...
Temperature but not rainfall influences timing of breeding in a desert
... phase, fledgling rates nor productivity. These results can be explained by lower temperatures in 2005 only at the very beginning of spring, whereas later on, temperatures were similar to 2004, probably allowing the breeding season to proceed under similar conditions. However, as sample sizes were sm ...
... phase, fledgling rates nor productivity. These results can be explained by lower temperatures in 2005 only at the very beginning of spring, whereas later on, temperatures were similar to 2004, probably allowing the breeding season to proceed under similar conditions. However, as sample sizes were sm ...
When Science and Ideology Collide: Explaining
... scientific knowledge…This knowledge is apparently sufficiently well developed and routinized that it can lead its users to accept conclusions they are predisposed against.” There is certainly evidence to support that contention too. Zaller, for instance, notes that elites of all predispositions gene ...
... scientific knowledge…This knowledge is apparently sufficiently well developed and routinized that it can lead its users to accept conclusions they are predisposed against.” There is certainly evidence to support that contention too. Zaller, for instance, notes that elites of all predispositions gene ...
Technical Expert Meetings (TEM)
... • Those challenges cannot be addressed independently • Ambitious climate mitigation and robust adaptation are needed to avoid that sustainable development and human wellbeing be hindered by climate change impacts. • However, the challenges currently posed by climate change lose significance compared ...
... • Those challenges cannot be addressed independently • Ambitious climate mitigation and robust adaptation are needed to avoid that sustainable development and human wellbeing be hindered by climate change impacts. • However, the challenges currently posed by climate change lose significance compared ...
Robust Sahel drying in response to late 20th century forcings
... often as a wet one. Thus, while models agree in ascribing the 20th century Sahel drought—at least partially—to anthropogenic emissions, they disagree in their prediction for a future, higher-GHG world [Held et al., 2005]. We propose that the robust XX-PI anomalies are due to the effect of aerosols, ...
... often as a wet one. Thus, while models agree in ascribing the 20th century Sahel drought—at least partially—to anthropogenic emissions, they disagree in their prediction for a future, higher-GHG world [Held et al., 2005]. We propose that the robust XX-PI anomalies are due to the effect of aerosols, ...
CombinedFacultyMeeting - Department of Geological
... Climate Assessment (MiCCA) MiCCA’s mission is to translate and enhance the latest NOAA climate forecast products to maximize economic gains for agricultural producers and their agribusiness service providers in the U.S. Midwest through use of advanced regional models, interactive web-based decision- ...
... Climate Assessment (MiCCA) MiCCA’s mission is to translate and enhance the latest NOAA climate forecast products to maximize economic gains for agricultural producers and their agribusiness service providers in the U.S. Midwest through use of advanced regional models, interactive web-based decision- ...
Climate sensitivity across marine domains of life: limits - ePIC
... available for marine organisms, with special reference to domain-specific limits. For an explanation of the patterns and differences observed, we define and quantify a proxy for organismic complexity across species from all domains. Rising complexity causes heat (and hypoxia) tolerances to decrease ...
... available for marine organisms, with special reference to domain-specific limits. For an explanation of the patterns and differences observed, we define and quantify a proxy for organismic complexity across species from all domains. Rising complexity causes heat (and hypoxia) tolerances to decrease ...
Global Trends and Challenges: Strategic Implications for NGOs
... The study also suggests that the demands on local NGDOs and other civil society organisations (CSOs) in the Global South are distinct from international NGDOs. This is partly because of their role as influential actors in civil society as well as their close relationships with local communities. The ...
... The study also suggests that the demands on local NGDOs and other civil society organisations (CSOs) in the Global South are distinct from international NGDOs. This is partly because of their role as influential actors in civil society as well as their close relationships with local communities. The ...
Indices for monitoring changes in extremes based on daily
... 20 mm. These indices are less suitable for spatial comparisons of extremes than those based on percentile thresholds. The reason is that, over large areas, daycount indices based on fixed thresholds may sample very different parts of the temperature and precipitation distributions. For example, whil ...
... 20 mm. These indices are less suitable for spatial comparisons of extremes than those based on percentile thresholds. The reason is that, over large areas, daycount indices based on fixed thresholds may sample very different parts of the temperature and precipitation distributions. For example, whil ...
ESM_Drange
... Reduced ocean uptake of CO2 is mainly caused by increased temperature in the ocean surface waters Reduced CO2 solubility Enhanced stratification and reduced vertical mixing Partly also reduced biological production ...
... Reduced ocean uptake of CO2 is mainly caused by increased temperature in the ocean surface waters Reduced CO2 solubility Enhanced stratification and reduced vertical mixing Partly also reduced biological production ...
October 6, 2007 Ecological Debt Day
... Footprint allows us to assess how much nature we have, how much we use, and who uses what. The Footprint of a population represents the area of biologically productive land and water the population (an individual, city, or all of humanity) requires to provide the resources it consumes and to absorb ...
... Footprint allows us to assess how much nature we have, how much we use, and who uses what. The Footprint of a population represents the area of biologically productive land and water the population (an individual, city, or all of humanity) requires to provide the resources it consumes and to absorb ...
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... Criticisms of the hedonic approach include inadequate treatment of irrigation in the analysis, lack of robustness to weighting schemes and the difficulties in estimating dynamic adjustment costs due to fixed capital constraints in the short run. In an attempt to explore the first issue, Schlenker, ...
... Criticisms of the hedonic approach include inadequate treatment of irrigation in the analysis, lack of robustness to weighting schemes and the difficulties in estimating dynamic adjustment costs due to fixed capital constraints in the short run. In an attempt to explore the first issue, Schlenker, ...
PDF
... synthesize our knowledge of the physical and dynamic processes in the overall (atmosphere-ocean-land) climate system, and allow for the complex interactions between the various components. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 1990a) provides a recent summary of the scientific consensu ...
... synthesize our knowledge of the physical and dynamic processes in the overall (atmosphere-ocean-land) climate system, and allow for the complex interactions between the various components. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 1990a) provides a recent summary of the scientific consensu ...
ISEES_GrandChallengeQuestions
... demand growing by ~60% over the next three decades particularly in developing and non-OECD nations (International Energy Agency 2012). Much of this growth in energy demand will be satisfied by fossil fuels, exacerbating climate change at a time when developed nations are considering how alternative ...
... demand growing by ~60% over the next three decades particularly in developing and non-OECD nations (International Energy Agency 2012). Much of this growth in energy demand will be satisfied by fossil fuels, exacerbating climate change at a time when developed nations are considering how alternative ...
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... atmospheric and ocean chemistry modules determine globally uniform GHG concentrations. The climate module represents the earth's climate system through a series of equations that link GHG concentrations to equilibrium climatic change. 2 These equations are generally reduced-form representations of l ...
... atmospheric and ocean chemistry modules determine globally uniform GHG concentrations. The climate module represents the earth's climate system through a series of equations that link GHG concentrations to equilibrium climatic change. 2 These equations are generally reduced-form representations of l ...
RUTGERS MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2008
... climate change is becoming an increasingly significant issue in today’s world, and many sources have indicated that a major contributor to this issue is the tourism industry. Global warming severely impacts the environment in all areas of the world. Therefore, it has become evident that all nations ...
... climate change is becoming an increasingly significant issue in today’s world, and many sources have indicated that a major contributor to this issue is the tourism industry. Global warming severely impacts the environment in all areas of the world. Therefore, it has become evident that all nations ...
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... The first step for constructing a weather-crop yield regression model is choosing the appropriate weather factors affecting crop growth. In the literature, temperature and precipitation have been demonstrated to have significant impacts on crop yields. Agronomically, high temperature would affect s ...
... The first step for constructing a weather-crop yield regression model is choosing the appropriate weather factors affecting crop growth. In the literature, temperature and precipitation have been demonstrated to have significant impacts on crop yields. Agronomically, high temperature would affect s ...
Natural Variability, Anthropogenic Climate Change, and Impacts on
... March) that supplies most of the year’s precipitation is heavily affected by climate fluctuations. In other areas, such as the eastern part of the United States, each season has the potential to contribute significantly to the annual total at that location. But in California, the warm-season months ...
... March) that supplies most of the year’s precipitation is heavily affected by climate fluctuations. In other areas, such as the eastern part of the United States, each season has the potential to contribute significantly to the annual total at that location. But in California, the warm-season months ...
Can Climate Influence Cultural Development? A View through Time
... sustained exploitation of food plants in the highlands may have occurred some 3000-5000 years before the evidence at Kuk. The record of climate change and archaeological evidence for agriculture in the highlands of New Guinea over the last 20,000 years is compared in Figure 2. Climatic amelioration ...
... sustained exploitation of food plants in the highlands may have occurred some 3000-5000 years before the evidence at Kuk. The record of climate change and archaeological evidence for agriculture in the highlands of New Guinea over the last 20,000 years is compared in Figure 2. Climatic amelioration ...
The Climate Change Challenge In Africa
... recognized areas of particularly high species richness and endemism known as “biological hot spots”. The continent has a large and diverse heritage of Flora and Fauna. It contains about a fifth of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, and a sixth of amphibians and reptiles. Savannahs, whic ...
... recognized areas of particularly high species richness and endemism known as “biological hot spots”. The continent has a large and diverse heritage of Flora and Fauna. It contains about a fifth of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, and a sixth of amphibians and reptiles. Savannahs, whic ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.