Consensus‟ Exposed: The CRU Controversy - Inhofe
... days? - ours does ! The UK works on precedents, so the first request will test it. We also have a data protection act, which I will hide behind.‖ -- Phil Jones, former director of the University of East Anglia‟s Climatic Research Unit, February 2, 2005 ―It's no use pretending that this isn't a major ...
... days? - ours does ! The UK works on precedents, so the first request will test it. We also have a data protection act, which I will hide behind.‖ -- Phil Jones, former director of the University of East Anglia‟s Climatic Research Unit, February 2, 2005 ―It's no use pretending that this isn't a major ...
MEECS Climate Change Unit Introduction
... Climate change is an especially difficult topic to teach because so much of the data is not directly observable. In addition, measuring climate change is difficult because change happens over relatively long time spans, is caused by a range of natural and human factors, and is characterized by high ...
... Climate change is an especially difficult topic to teach because so much of the data is not directly observable. In addition, measuring climate change is difficult because change happens over relatively long time spans, is caused by a range of natural and human factors, and is characterized by high ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331,
... Though lightning may directly cause physical damages to power system components, sometimes it results in initiating events which leads to severe blackouts or outages. The initiating event or events can include a line sagging into vegetation, or a short on a transmission line caused by natural causes ...
... Though lightning may directly cause physical damages to power system components, sometimes it results in initiating events which leads to severe blackouts or outages. The initiating event or events can include a line sagging into vegetation, or a short on a transmission line caused by natural causes ...
FAQ 4.2 | Are Glaciers in Mountain Regions Disappearing?
... m for each degree Celsius of atmospheric warming. Such an upward shift and its consequences for glaciers of different size and elevation range are illustrated in FAQ 4.2, Figure 1. Initially, all glaciers have an accumulation area (white) above and an ablation area (light blue) below the ELA (FAQ 4. ...
... m for each degree Celsius of atmospheric warming. Such an upward shift and its consequences for glaciers of different size and elevation range are illustrated in FAQ 4.2, Figure 1. Initially, all glaciers have an accumulation area (white) above and an ablation area (light blue) below the ELA (FAQ 4. ...
50 years of urbanization in Africa: Assessing the role of climate change
... recently in Kenya in 2013. Climate records indicate a warming trend over Africa during the 20th Century, continuing at a slightly faster pace in the first decade of the 21st Century, independently of ENSO impacts (Collins 2011; Nicholson, Nash, Chase, et al. 2013). Climate researchers predict future ...
... recently in Kenya in 2013. Climate records indicate a warming trend over Africa during the 20th Century, continuing at a slightly faster pace in the first decade of the 21st Century, independently of ENSO impacts (Collins 2011; Nicholson, Nash, Chase, et al. 2013). Climate researchers predict future ...
Guidance to the interaction between POPs and climate change and
... The guidance is divided in three main parts; a general part with background information, a part with recommendations on how to evaluate and weight evidence of climate impact in the different review processes and a more practical step-by-step manual on how to collect and evaluate data. Section 4 desc ...
... The guidance is divided in three main parts; a general part with background information, a part with recommendations on how to evaluate and weight evidence of climate impact in the different review processes and a more practical step-by-step manual on how to collect and evaluate data. Section 4 desc ...
April 2013 News - South Asian Dialogues on Ecological Democracy
... Tropics Could Experience Dramatic Shift In Rainfall Pattern By Countercurrents.org 03 April, 2013 Countercurrents.org One often -ignored consequence of global climate change is that the Northern Hemisphere is becoming warmer than the Southern Hemisphere, which could significantly alter tropical prec ...
... Tropics Could Experience Dramatic Shift In Rainfall Pattern By Countercurrents.org 03 April, 2013 Countercurrents.org One often -ignored consequence of global climate change is that the Northern Hemisphere is becoming warmer than the Southern Hemisphere, which could significantly alter tropical prec ...
Beyond collapse - Climate change and causality
... of development studies, since the 1950s (e.g. Jónsson, 2010). The extent to which such recent historical evidence can be used as a basis for understanding how human populations might respond to climate change over the coming decades, and even centuries, is highly uncertain. At the global scale, the ...
... of development studies, since the 1950s (e.g. Jónsson, 2010). The extent to which such recent historical evidence can be used as a basis for understanding how human populations might respond to climate change over the coming decades, and even centuries, is highly uncertain. At the global scale, the ...
The Economic Impacts of Climate Change
... estimates do not account for the full range of compensatory responses to changes in weather made by profit-maximizing farmers. For example, in response to a change in climate, farmers may alter their use of fertilizers, change their mix of crops, or even decide to use their farmland for another acti ...
... estimates do not account for the full range of compensatory responses to changes in weather made by profit-maximizing farmers. For example, in response to a change in climate, farmers may alter their use of fertilizers, change their mix of crops, or even decide to use their farmland for another acti ...
Aalborg Universitet Rasmussen, Torben Valdbjørn
... already witnessed extreme single events. Single events have been more intense than predicted and include extreme rainfall, heavier cloudburst, more frequent and longer periods of drought as well as increased winter rainfall. In Denmark data clearly show a rise in precipitation in the period from 187 ...
... already witnessed extreme single events. Single events have been more intense than predicted and include extreme rainfall, heavier cloudburst, more frequent and longer periods of drought as well as increased winter rainfall. In Denmark data clearly show a rise in precipitation in the period from 187 ...
The future of the northeast Atlantic benthic flora in a high CO2 world
... the rate of change is accelerating rapidly due to runaway CO2 emissions, mounting pressures on coastlines associated with human population growth and increased consumption of finite resources. Global reviews of the known effects of global warming and ocean acidification (i.e., falling pH and carbona ...
... the rate of change is accelerating rapidly due to runaway CO2 emissions, mounting pressures on coastlines associated with human population growth and increased consumption of finite resources. Global reviews of the known effects of global warming and ocean acidification (i.e., falling pH and carbona ...
Climate –carbon cycle feedback analysis, results from the C MIP
... terrestrial carbon cycle model forced by several future climate scenarios taken from different OAGCMs . Again, both studies showed, regardless of the climate model used, a reduction of carbon uptake with climate change. Similarly, ocean studies have been performed with imposed atmospheric CO2 trajec ...
... terrestrial carbon cycle model forced by several future climate scenarios taken from different OAGCMs . Again, both studies showed, regardless of the climate model used, a reduction of carbon uptake with climate change. Similarly, ocean studies have been performed with imposed atmospheric CO2 trajec ...
Climate variability and change and their health effects in small
... A variety of adverse health outcomes are climate sensitive; that is, weather and climate affect their incidence and distribution. Some adverse health outcomes are related directly to weather, such as drowning and injuries in floods or increased morbidity and mortality during heat-waves. Other health ...
... A variety of adverse health outcomes are climate sensitive; that is, weather and climate affect their incidence and distribution. Some adverse health outcomes are related directly to weather, such as drowning and injuries in floods or increased morbidity and mortality during heat-waves. Other health ...
Fungi the unknown Organisms – an
... rather straight forward. They favor warm and moist climate, an exception of this rule are specific lichens, which are sensitive to higher temperatures [12]. For pathogenic fungi certain changes in climate change such as higher air humidity and higher or more moderate temperate are beneficial (see Bo ...
... rather straight forward. They favor warm and moist climate, an exception of this rule are specific lichens, which are sensitive to higher temperatures [12]. For pathogenic fungi certain changes in climate change such as higher air humidity and higher or more moderate temperate are beneficial (see Bo ...
The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on
... Much recent discussion of D&A of impacts has focused on quantitative analyses (e.g. Rosenzweig et al. 2007), but in doing so has neglected a substantial fraction of the research in the social sciences and humanities that is qualitative in nature. During the past two decades social sciences and human ...
... Much recent discussion of D&A of impacts has focused on quantitative analyses (e.g. Rosenzweig et al. 2007), but in doing so has neglected a substantial fraction of the research in the social sciences and humanities that is qualitative in nature. During the past two decades social sciences and human ...
UNDERSTANDING EL NIÑO IN OCEAN–ATMOSPHERE GENERAL
... (Guilyardi 2006) and is a main contributor to the last thermocline–surface coupling. Nonlinearity can also three positive feedbacks of the BJ index. This is com- arise from the small-scale coupling between the ocean pensated for by too little thermal damping, mainly re- and the atmosphere, like trop ...
... (Guilyardi 2006) and is a main contributor to the last thermocline–surface coupling. Nonlinearity can also three positive feedbacks of the BJ index. This is com- arise from the small-scale coupling between the ocean pensated for by too little thermal damping, mainly re- and the atmosphere, like trop ...
The challenge to detect and attribute effects of climate change on
... Much recent discussion of D&A of impacts has focused on quantitative analyses (e.g. Rosenzweig et al. 2007), but in doing so has neglected a substantial fraction of the research in the social sciences and humanities that is qualitative in nature. During the past two decades social sciences and human ...
... Much recent discussion of D&A of impacts has focused on quantitative analyses (e.g. Rosenzweig et al. 2007), but in doing so has neglected a substantial fraction of the research in the social sciences and humanities that is qualitative in nature. During the past two decades social sciences and human ...
Human Factors Explain the Increased Losses from Weather and
... storms had occurred in the preceding 40 years (Changnon 1999b). However, FIG. 1. Annual losses (in 1997 dollars) to insured property in the United States the weather events causing losses from weather extremes during 1949–97 (Changnon et al. 1997). > $1 billion have not been increasing in frequency ...
... storms had occurred in the preceding 40 years (Changnon 1999b). However, FIG. 1. Annual losses (in 1997 dollars) to insured property in the United States the weather events causing losses from weather extremes during 1949–97 (Changnon et al. 1997). > $1 billion have not been increasing in frequency ...
Impacts of Climate Change
... It is important for those interested in the human significance of climate change to consider the fallacy of averages. While the SRES A2 scenario suggests that the average temperature of Earth will warm by between 0.7 and 2.0° Celsius (with an average of about 1.3° Celsius) by 2050, this warming will ...
... It is important for those interested in the human significance of climate change to consider the fallacy of averages. While the SRES A2 scenario suggests that the average temperature of Earth will warm by between 0.7 and 2.0° Celsius (with an average of about 1.3° Celsius) by 2050, this warming will ...
Comparing modelled fire dynamics with charcoal records for the
... Fire model outputs have included simulated burned areas and CO2 emissions that can be evaluated against presentday observations from remote-sensing products. For example, Kloster et al. (2010) demonstrated that the Arora and Boer (2005) fire model implemented in the Community Land Model (CLM-CN) rep ...
... Fire model outputs have included simulated burned areas and CO2 emissions that can be evaluated against presentday observations from remote-sensing products. For example, Kloster et al. (2010) demonstrated that the Arora and Boer (2005) fire model implemented in the Community Land Model (CLM-CN) rep ...
Economic implications of projected changes to tuna
... on track, despite climate change. • Freshwater aquaculture for food security and livelihoods will itself be an adaptation to the effects of climate change on coastal fisheries • Freshwater aquaculture in the SW Pacific will generally benefit from climate change ...
... on track, despite climate change. • Freshwater aquaculture for food security and livelihoods will itself be an adaptation to the effects of climate change on coastal fisheries • Freshwater aquaculture in the SW Pacific will generally benefit from climate change ...
The Effect of Climate Change on the Variability of the Northern
... the vortex ‘‘final warming’’ the westerlies reverse as the hemisphere transitions radiatively into its summer regime of easterlies. However, the vortex can also be broken down purely by dynamics during midwinter in an event known as a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). These events are associ ...
... the vortex ‘‘final warming’’ the westerlies reverse as the hemisphere transitions radiatively into its summer regime of easterlies. However, the vortex can also be broken down purely by dynamics during midwinter in an event known as a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). These events are associ ...
ecologyRapp2012 - Duke University
... across temperature gradients in the tropics, studies at higher latitudes show a similar increase in ...
... across temperature gradients in the tropics, studies at higher latitudes show a similar increase in ...
Directive IPPC : quelques remarques
... primary particulates and secondary precursors emissions reduction. Until now, for the extension of the Gothenburg Protocol major emphasis has been given to the health effects of particulate matter. In view of the globality of the “PM problem”, a strategy with a broader perspective on various environ ...
... primary particulates and secondary precursors emissions reduction. Until now, for the extension of the Gothenburg Protocol major emphasis has been given to the health effects of particulate matter. In view of the globality of the “PM problem”, a strategy with a broader perspective on various environ ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.