How does climate change cause extinction?
... impede climate-induced dispersal. (a) Abiotic factors (i) Temperature (physiological tolerances) Many effects of anthropogenic climate change follow from an increase in temperature. The most obvious proximate factor causing extinction is temperatures that exceed the physiological tolerance of the sp ...
... impede climate-induced dispersal. (a) Abiotic factors (i) Temperature (physiological tolerances) Many effects of anthropogenic climate change follow from an increase in temperature. The most obvious proximate factor causing extinction is temperatures that exceed the physiological tolerance of the sp ...
PDF
... QuickStats1 on a county basis for barley, corn, cotton, upland cotton, sorghum, soybeans, winter wheat, durum wheat, and spring wheat2. Price received by farmers ($ per unit of commodity), Yield (unit of commodity per acre) were also drawn from QuickStats but on the state level. Missing values for p ...
... QuickStats1 on a county basis for barley, corn, cotton, upland cotton, sorghum, soybeans, winter wheat, durum wheat, and spring wheat2. Price received by farmers ($ per unit of commodity), Yield (unit of commodity per acre) were also drawn from QuickStats but on the state level. Missing values for p ...
Changed reproductive schedule of eastern Pacific
... ABSTRACT: We used a long term tagging dataset to investigate alterations in the reproductive ecology of leatherback turtles Dermochelys coriacea in Pacific Costa Rica in response to changes in climatic conditions. We calculated the remigration interval (RI) and reproductive output of individual turt ...
... ABSTRACT: We used a long term tagging dataset to investigate alterations in the reproductive ecology of leatherback turtles Dermochelys coriacea in Pacific Costa Rica in response to changes in climatic conditions. We calculated the remigration interval (RI) and reproductive output of individual turt ...
Input from IOC - Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research
... and WMO in 1980 as an outcome of the first World Climate Conference in 1979. IOC joined as a sponsor in 1993. As the first of the modern-day global environmental change (GEC) research programmes. The two major objectives of WCRP are to determine the extent to which climate can be predicted, and to d ...
... and WMO in 1980 as an outcome of the first World Climate Conference in 1979. IOC joined as a sponsor in 1993. As the first of the modern-day global environmental change (GEC) research programmes. The two major objectives of WCRP are to determine the extent to which climate can be predicted, and to d ...
Feng and Oppenheimer Krueger PNAS 2012 pub
... potential thermal bleaching of coral reefs (Donner et al. 2005) and runoff changes to watersheds (Tsanis et al. 2011). Statistical modeling of crop productivity responses to past climate variations (Schlenker and Roberts 2009) has provided surprising new insights on crop temperature sensitivity and ...
... potential thermal bleaching of coral reefs (Donner et al. 2005) and runoff changes to watersheds (Tsanis et al. 2011). Statistical modeling of crop productivity responses to past climate variations (Schlenker and Roberts 2009) has provided surprising new insights on crop temperature sensitivity and ...
Download the full paper
... risk, and by using a full-blown IAM that explicitly models transient temperature dynamics, radiative forcing, and the carbon cycle in the same way as the standard numeric IAMs used in policy advising. ...
... risk, and by using a full-blown IAM that explicitly models transient temperature dynamics, radiative forcing, and the carbon cycle in the same way as the standard numeric IAMs used in policy advising. ...
Global Climate Risk Index 2006
... the natural transport of nutrients through sandstorms from the African Sahelian zone to Brazil in the case of a possible greening of the Sahel.8 The various feedback effects might lead to a global warming which is at least twice as high as it is forecasted by today's models with continuing high emis ...
... the natural transport of nutrients through sandstorms from the African Sahelian zone to Brazil in the case of a possible greening of the Sahel.8 The various feedback effects might lead to a global warming which is at least twice as high as it is forecasted by today's models with continuing high emis ...
Interacting Regional-Scale Regime Shifts for Biodiversity and
... ecosystem services over the twenty-first century could be far greater than was previously predicted. We identify key policy and management opportunities at regional to global scales to avoid these shifts. Keywords: biodiversity change, human–environment interactions, tipping points, South America, S ...
... ecosystem services over the twenty-first century could be far greater than was previously predicted. We identify key policy and management opportunities at regional to global scales to avoid these shifts. Keywords: biodiversity change, human–environment interactions, tipping points, South America, S ...
Climate Change Negative - St. Louis Urban Debate League
... atmosphere (technically, the lower troposphere) taken by two independent sensors: satellite sounders and weather balloons. As has been shown repeatedly by University of Alabama climate scientist John Christy, since late 1978 (when the satellite record begins), the rate of warming in the satellite-se ...
... atmosphere (technically, the lower troposphere) taken by two independent sensors: satellite sounders and weather balloons. As has been shown repeatedly by University of Alabama climate scientist John Christy, since late 1978 (when the satellite record begins), the rate of warming in the satellite-se ...
NDVI-based increase in growth of temperate grasslands and its
... growing season (April–October), 0.61% yr1 for spring (April and May), 0.49% yr1 for summer (June–August), and 0.6% yr1 for autumn (September and October) over the study period. The humped-shape pattern between coefficient of correlation (R) of the growing season NDVI to precipitation and growing s ...
... growing season (April–October), 0.61% yr1 for spring (April and May), 0.49% yr1 for summer (June–August), and 0.6% yr1 for autumn (September and October) over the study period. The humped-shape pattern between coefficient of correlation (R) of the growing season NDVI to precipitation and growing s ...
Climate Change and Respiratory Health
... Climate change is poised to be the preeminent public health issue of the 21st century. As the health threats posed by climate change become more widely acknowledged, public health, medical and disease advocacy officials will need to familiarize themselves on how climate change may affect their patie ...
... Climate change is poised to be the preeminent public health issue of the 21st century. As the health threats posed by climate change become more widely acknowledged, public health, medical and disease advocacy officials will need to familiarize themselves on how climate change may affect their patie ...
The Effects of Climate Change and Variation in New Zealand
... International Global Change Institute (IGCI) University of Waikato Hamilton, New Zealand June 2001 ...
... International Global Change Institute (IGCI) University of Waikato Hamilton, New Zealand June 2001 ...
CHAPTER 5: Temperate Marine
... observed in response to cyclic environmental shifts such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (e.g. Lubchenco et al., 1993) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (Hollowed et al., 2001). Many marine species, particularly those lacking planktonic dispersal, also exhibit large interannual variability in ...
... observed in response to cyclic environmental shifts such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (e.g. Lubchenco et al., 1993) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (Hollowed et al., 2001). Many marine species, particularly those lacking planktonic dispersal, also exhibit large interannual variability in ...
This is climaTe change in europe
... conservative institutions, such as the World Bank, to become outspoken on the dangers of climate change. The World Bank’s Turn Down the Heat report concludes that if the world warms by 2°C, a warming which may be reached in 20 to 30 years, there will be widespread food shortages, unprecedented heatw ...
... conservative institutions, such as the World Bank, to become outspoken on the dangers of climate change. The World Bank’s Turn Down the Heat report concludes that if the world warms by 2°C, a warming which may be reached in 20 to 30 years, there will be widespread food shortages, unprecedented heatw ...
Sensitivity of U.S. Air Quality to Mid
... such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, or solar radiation, often with the goal of removing the effect of interannual meteorological variability in the interpretation of air quality trends (Bloomfield et al., 1996; Thompson et al., 2001; Camalier et al., 2007; Gégo et al., 2007; Zheng et al., 200 ...
... such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, or solar radiation, often with the goal of removing the effect of interannual meteorological variability in the interpretation of air quality trends (Bloomfield et al., 1996; Thompson et al., 2001; Camalier et al., 2007; Gégo et al., 2007; Zheng et al., 200 ...
A climate of uncertainty: accounting for error in climate variables for
... calculating prediction intervals (PI) for the response variable could be used. Unlike a confidence interval (CI), the PI takes into account both the variation in the possible location of the expected value of the response variable for a given explanatory variable, and variation of individual values o ...
... calculating prediction intervals (PI) for the response variable could be used. Unlike a confidence interval (CI), the PI takes into account both the variation in the possible location of the expected value of the response variable for a given explanatory variable, and variation of individual values o ...
Simulated dynamics of net primary productivity
... Between 14 and 22% of global greenhouse gases (CO2 equivalent) come from livestock activity (FAO, 2006); specifically it is accountable for 9% of the CO2 emissions (mainly due to deforestation), 37% of methane emissions (due to digestion of ruminants) and 65% of nitrous oxide (from manure). Livestoc ...
... Between 14 and 22% of global greenhouse gases (CO2 equivalent) come from livestock activity (FAO, 2006); specifically it is accountable for 9% of the CO2 emissions (mainly due to deforestation), 37% of methane emissions (due to digestion of ruminants) and 65% of nitrous oxide (from manure). Livestoc ...
3.3 Evidence of temperature changes in the study regions
... subject and rarely used in relation to global climate policy (Schipper and Burton 2009; Pielke et al. 2007). The focus of the international community was on mitigation: reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and increasing carbon sinks, thereby slowing the rate of global climate change (IPCC 200 ...
... subject and rarely used in relation to global climate policy (Schipper and Burton 2009; Pielke et al. 2007). The focus of the international community was on mitigation: reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases and increasing carbon sinks, thereby slowing the rate of global climate change (IPCC 200 ...
connell_ukcip - Global Change System for Analysis, Research
... strategies - recommend all 4 scenarios and other models • Scoping studies - consider sensitivity to High/Low scenarios • Avoid using one ‘best guess’ scenarios (UKCIP98 medium-high) • Explore natural variability too • Understand relative uncertainty of different variables ...
... strategies - recommend all 4 scenarios and other models • Scoping studies - consider sensitivity to High/Low scenarios • Avoid using one ‘best guess’ scenarios (UKCIP98 medium-high) • Explore natural variability too • Understand relative uncertainty of different variables ...
“Duck Factory” of North America - American Meteorological Society
... populations, and seasonal hydroclimate are explored. Model experiments from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project are used to determine whether a recent wetting trend is due to natural variability or changing climate and how PPR hydroclimate will change into the future. Year-to-year v ...
... populations, and seasonal hydroclimate are explored. Model experiments from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project are used to determine whether a recent wetting trend is due to natural variability or changing climate and how PPR hydroclimate will change into the future. Year-to-year v ...
hhidalgo_4th_symp
... process of identifying if an observed change is significantly different from what would be expected from natural internal climate variability (Hegerl et al. 2006). Attribution of anthropogenic climate change is the process of identifying if the observed change is: a) consistent with the type of chan ...
... process of identifying if an observed change is significantly different from what would be expected from natural internal climate variability (Hegerl et al. 2006). Attribution of anthropogenic climate change is the process of identifying if the observed change is: a) consistent with the type of chan ...
Abrupt intensification of ENSO forced by deglacial ice-sheet
... The model has a low resolution (Yeager et al. 2006; OttoBliesner et al. 2006). The atmospheric model is the Community Atmospheric Model 3 (CAM3), with a ~3.75° latitude–longitude resolution (T31) and 26 hybrid coordinate levels in the vertical. The land model also has a T31 resolution, and each grid ...
... The model has a low resolution (Yeager et al. 2006; OttoBliesner et al. 2006). The atmospheric model is the Community Atmospheric Model 3 (CAM3), with a ~3.75° latitude–longitude resolution (T31) and 26 hybrid coordinate levels in the vertical. The land model also has a T31 resolution, and each grid ...
Future deforestation in the Amazon and consequences
... In this study we use a coupled biosphere-atmosphere model to investigate the stability of the hydrologic cycle within Brazil, from both an agricultural and ecological perspective, under scenarios of increasing deforestation and agricultural conversion. Specifically, we use the ED2 biosphere model (M ...
... In this study we use a coupled biosphere-atmosphere model to investigate the stability of the hydrologic cycle within Brazil, from both an agricultural and ecological perspective, under scenarios of increasing deforestation and agricultural conversion. Specifically, we use the ED2 biosphere model (M ...
Climate change and water resources
... Asia: summer and winter temperatures rise by 0.1- 0.2 degrees per decade over the next 10-20 years. Heavy rainfall and cyclone intensity may increase due to disruption of the El Niño cycle and increasing sea surface temperatures. ...
... Asia: summer and winter temperatures rise by 0.1- 0.2 degrees per decade over the next 10-20 years. Heavy rainfall and cyclone intensity may increase due to disruption of the El Niño cycle and increasing sea surface temperatures. ...
Instrumental temperature record
The instrumental temperature record shows fluctuations of the temperature of earth's climate system. Initially the instrumental temperature record only documented land and sea surface temperature, but in recent decades instruments have also begun recording ocean temperature. Data is collected from thousands of meteorological stations around the globe and through satellite observations. The longest-running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest-running quasi-global record starts in 1850.