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... students background on climate change. There are a number of things that can alter the global temperature: changes in the sun’s activity, distance of the sun’s orbit from earth, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions (including aerosols, which can provide a cooling effect). However, we know fr ...
... students background on climate change. There are a number of things that can alter the global temperature: changes in the sun’s activity, distance of the sun’s orbit from earth, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas emissions (including aerosols, which can provide a cooling effect). However, we know fr ...
Ideas and perspectives: climate-relevant marine biologically driven
... The radiative effect is estimated to be about −0.2 W m−2 and thus larger than the one by the widely known anthropogenically produced long-lived halocarbons such as CFCs (Hossaini et al., 2015). For both DMS and short-lived halocarbons, it is crucial to correctly represent the spatial patterns of mar ...
... The radiative effect is estimated to be about −0.2 W m−2 and thus larger than the one by the widely known anthropogenically produced long-lived halocarbons such as CFCs (Hossaini et al., 2015). For both DMS and short-lived halocarbons, it is crucial to correctly represent the spatial patterns of mar ...
WEATHERING CHANGE
... Participants from business sectors that have sometime been opposed to climate action said they were ready to engage in a discussion of concrete, local responses. Some said results can be achieved without stepping into climate politics at all. Many others noted that their businesses have already been ...
... Participants from business sectors that have sometime been opposed to climate action said they were ready to engage in a discussion of concrete, local responses. Some said results can be achieved without stepping into climate politics at all. Many others noted that their businesses have already been ...
Working Group on Carbon Pricing Mechanisms
... In addition, the IMF has started to place considerable emphasis on providing technical assistance to countries that are interested in pricing carbon in their economies and in reforming their energy and environmental tax systems. The IMF recently published a study affirming that carbon pricing should ...
... In addition, the IMF has started to place considerable emphasis on providing technical assistance to countries that are interested in pricing carbon in their economies and in reforming their energy and environmental tax systems. The IMF recently published a study affirming that carbon pricing should ...
1 CV KAREN L. O`BRIEN Department of Sociology and Human
... Change, 2012-. Lead Author, Chapter 20, Climate-Resilient Pathways: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Sustainable Development, IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Member of the Core Writing Team, the Synthesis Report (SYR), IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Coordinating Lead Author, Chapter 8, Towards a Sustainable ...
... Change, 2012-. Lead Author, Chapter 20, Climate-Resilient Pathways: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Sustainable Development, IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Member of the Core Writing Team, the Synthesis Report (SYR), IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Coordinating Lead Author, Chapter 8, Towards a Sustainable ...
Exchange of trace gases between the terrestrial
... processes. and to begin the task of scaling flux measurements on a small areal scale to larger scales. However, even in those regions where work has been most intensive, we arc not yet able to quantify fluxes well enough to satisfy fully the requirements of the climate models. In addition. there are ...
... processes. and to begin the task of scaling flux measurements on a small areal scale to larger scales. However, even in those regions where work has been most intensive, we arc not yet able to quantify fluxes well enough to satisfy fully the requirements of the climate models. In addition. there are ...
Expected impacts of climate change on extreme climate events
... change of the statistics of the coldest events. Schär et al. [20] have also advocated that only an increase in the variability of summer temperature in Europe could account for the occurrence of the 2003 heat wave. Whether future climate change will confirm or not these trends, is a key question tha ...
... change of the statistics of the coldest events. Schär et al. [20] have also advocated that only an increase in the variability of summer temperature in Europe could account for the occurrence of the 2003 heat wave. Whether future climate change will confirm or not these trends, is a key question tha ...
Wildfires threaten mercury stocks in northern soils
... yr 1 [Fitzgerald et al., 1998; Grigal, 2003]. Assuming an average recent sequestration rate of 200 mg Hg m 2 yr 1 across the 385 million ha of boreal peatland globally, peatlands may have sequestered up to 770 tons Hg/yr, equivalent to between 20 – 40 % of the Hg emitted globally each year from ant ...
... yr 1 [Fitzgerald et al., 1998; Grigal, 2003]. Assuming an average recent sequestration rate of 200 mg Hg m 2 yr 1 across the 385 million ha of boreal peatland globally, peatlands may have sequestered up to 770 tons Hg/yr, equivalent to between 20 – 40 % of the Hg emitted globally each year from ant ...
Prince Edward Island and Climate Change
... 1990 levels by the year 2020. For Prince Edward Island this will require reducing our current emissions by 500,000 tonnes of CO2 e per year. Prince Edward Island is also determined to establish sufficient long term reductions to eliminate any dangerous threat to climate, 5 : http://unfccc.int/resou ...
... 1990 levels by the year 2020. For Prince Edward Island this will require reducing our current emissions by 500,000 tonnes of CO2 e per year. Prince Edward Island is also determined to establish sufficient long term reductions to eliminate any dangerous threat to climate, 5 : http://unfccc.int/resou ...
Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol
... modern fossil-fuelled power plants, nuclear energy today is reducing CO2 emissions from the energy sector by more than 8% world-wide (for the electricity sector, the reduction is about 17%). In OECD countries, nuclear power plants have already played a major role in lowering the amount of greenhouse ...
... modern fossil-fuelled power plants, nuclear energy today is reducing CO2 emissions from the energy sector by more than 8% world-wide (for the electricity sector, the reduction is about 17%). In OECD countries, nuclear power plants have already played a major role in lowering the amount of greenhouse ...
Infrastructure in Washington (PDF)
... The ability of dams to mitigate increasing flood risk may be limited. Initial research for the Skagit basin suggests that reducing community vulnerability to increasing flood risk ...
... The ability of dams to mitigate increasing flood risk may be limited. Initial research for the Skagit basin suggests that reducing community vulnerability to increasing flood risk ...
Nuclear Energy and the Kyoto Protocol
... modern fossil-fuelled power plants, nuclear energy today is reducing CO2 emissions from the energy sector by more than 8% world-wide (for the electricity sector, the reduction is about 17%). In OECD countries, nuclear power plants have already played a major role in lowering the amount of greenhouse ...
... modern fossil-fuelled power plants, nuclear energy today is reducing CO2 emissions from the energy sector by more than 8% world-wide (for the electricity sector, the reduction is about 17%). In OECD countries, nuclear power plants have already played a major role in lowering the amount of greenhouse ...
Absolute Abundance and Relative Scarcity: Announced Policy
... Such concerns, however, have not entered the policy makers agendas, and there has been no attempt to implement climate change policy in an expedite way. The first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol started on January 1, 2008, when agents had been aware for over ten years that a policy on greenh ...
... Such concerns, however, have not entered the policy makers agendas, and there has been no attempt to implement climate change policy in an expedite way. The first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol started on January 1, 2008, when agents had been aware for over ten years that a policy on greenh ...
Climate-Smart Marine Protected Areas
... To address this issue, the NMSS developed a Climate-Smart Sanctuary Initiative, based on a ...
... To address this issue, the NMSS developed a Climate-Smart Sanctuary Initiative, based on a ...
evaluating the impacts of climate change on catchment
... Higher precipitation and associated increases in runoff will be linked with greater nitrate pollution. A study by Donner et al. (2002) attributed ~25% of the nitrate export to the Gulf of Mexico to increased runoff alone. Observational studies have also shown an increase in nitrate pollution during ...
... Higher precipitation and associated increases in runoff will be linked with greater nitrate pollution. A study by Donner et al. (2002) attributed ~25% of the nitrate export to the Gulf of Mexico to increased runoff alone. Observational studies have also shown an increase in nitrate pollution during ...
United Nations Climate Summit 2014 Agriculture Action Area One
... Announcement and Area of Work The Partnership is an alliance of governments, international organizations, NGOs, research and educational organizations, farmers organizations and civil society that supports the accelerated scaling up of agricultural practices that integrate trees in cropping systems ...
... Announcement and Area of Work The Partnership is an alliance of governments, international organizations, NGOs, research and educational organizations, farmers organizations and civil society that supports the accelerated scaling up of agricultural practices that integrate trees in cropping systems ...
The CCPC grew out of the International Council of Local
... most successful local government initiatives (ICLEI, 1997c). By 30 June 1997, CCPC had surveyed 174 local governments representing 100 million people worldwide. The survey’s most important numbers are: • 65 CCPC participants formally adopted reduction targets and timetables for their achievement. • ...
... most successful local government initiatives (ICLEI, 1997c). By 30 June 1997, CCPC had surveyed 174 local governments representing 100 million people worldwide. The survey’s most important numbers are: • 65 CCPC participants formally adopted reduction targets and timetables for their achievement. • ...
Stewardship: Energy, Climate and You
... warming of the Earth – we are making the Earth’s natural ‘greenhouse’ too effective! This unnatural increase in the Earth’s temperature, most scientists believe will lead to, and is leading to rapidly changing climates all over the world. These changing climates can result in an increased occurrence ...
... warming of the Earth – we are making the Earth’s natural ‘greenhouse’ too effective! This unnatural increase in the Earth’s temperature, most scientists believe will lead to, and is leading to rapidly changing climates all over the world. These changing climates can result in an increased occurrence ...
Maintaining Stability
... out efforts aimed at addressing the challenges of global warming which are discussed in detail in this report. The capacity of political leaders and of national and supranational institutions to deal with major global threats is, after all, not unlimited. It would be, therefore, naïve to think that ...
... out efforts aimed at addressing the challenges of global warming which are discussed in detail in this report. The capacity of political leaders and of national and supranational institutions to deal with major global threats is, after all, not unlimited. It would be, therefore, naïve to think that ...
Environmental and Climate Justice along the Brahmaputra River in
... impacts of climate change on the flood regime of the an important lesson for understanding the unequal Brahmaputra River, on flow levels during the dry winter distribution of benefits and losses as a result of climate season, as well as the potential long-term reduction in change, an issue known as ...
... impacts of climate change on the flood regime of the an important lesson for understanding the unequal Brahmaputra River, on flow levels during the dry winter distribution of benefits and losses as a result of climate season, as well as the potential long-term reduction in change, an issue known as ...
- Guyana`s Low Carbon Development Strategy
... provides an opportunity for developing forest countries to attract payments for carbon storage, which can be invested in sustainable development. As an international REDD+ mechanism becomes established, Guyana will stand to benefit from payments for forest carbon, and the development opportunities ...
... provides an opportunity for developing forest countries to attract payments for carbon storage, which can be invested in sustainable development. As an international REDD+ mechanism becomes established, Guyana will stand to benefit from payments for forest carbon, and the development opportunities ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE CLIMATE POLICY DILEMMA Robert S. Pindyck
... preference, but since we are looking at welfare for society as a whole, we will call it the social rate of time preference. What is the “correct” value for this discount rate? We know from a broad range of studies that most individuals would prefer to receive a unit of consumption now rather than re ...
... preference, but since we are looking at welfare for society as a whole, we will call it the social rate of time preference. What is the “correct” value for this discount rate? We know from a broad range of studies that most individuals would prefer to receive a unit of consumption now rather than re ...
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme
The Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (or CPRS) was a proposed cap-and-trade system of emissions trading for anthropogenic greenhouse gases, due to be introduced in Australia in 2010 by the Rudd government, as part of its climate change policy. It marked a major change in the energy policy of Australia. The policy began when the Australian Labor Party was in opposition and the six Labor-controlled states commissioned an independent review on energy policy, the Garnaut Climate Change Review, which published a number of reports. Labor, after winning the federal election and forming a government, published a Green paper for discussion and comment. The Federal Treasury then modelled some of the financial and economic impacts of the proposed scheme.The Rudd Government published a final white paper on 15 December 2008. The Government announced that the legislation was intended to take effect in July 2010; but the legislation for the CPRS (aka ETS) failed to gain adequate support and was twice rejected creating a double dissolution election trigger. After a bitter political debate which saw former opposition leader Malcolm Turnbull lose his leadership of the opposition to the anti-CPRS Tony Abbott. The Rudd government did not call an election and the CPRS lost public support. In April 2010, Labor then deferred the CPRS. A successor to the CPRS, the Carbon Pricing Mechanism (CPM) was passed into law as part of the Clean Energy Futures Package (CEF) in 2011, but was repealed in July 2014 following a change in government.