Climate Change: An Australian Guide to the Science and Potential
... warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. It is likely that the 1990s was the warmest decade in the last 1000 years, at least in the Northern Hemisphere. Other observations are consistent with this observed warming, including a rise in global average sea level and ocean hea ...
... warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. It is likely that the 1990s was the warmest decade in the last 1000 years, at least in the Northern Hemisphere. Other observations are consistent with this observed warming, including a rise in global average sea level and ocean hea ...
2015 Emissions Gap Report
... The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. © Images and illustrations as specified. Citation This document may be cited a ...
... The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. © Images and illustrations as specified. Citation This document may be cited a ...
The Emissions Gap Report 2015
... The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. © Images and illustrations as specified. Citation This document may be cited a ...
... The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. © Images and illustrations as specified. Citation This document may be cited a ...
SECOND-ORDER DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 10 Do Not Cite
... Climate change would reduce energy demand for heating and increase energy demand for cooling in the residential and commercial sectors (high agreement, robust evidence); the balance of the two depends on the geographic, socioeconomic and technological conditions. Increasing income will allow people ...
... Climate change would reduce energy demand for heating and increase energy demand for cooling in the residential and commercial sectors (high agreement, robust evidence); the balance of the two depends on the geographic, socioeconomic and technological conditions. Increasing income will allow people ...
Behaviour of the monsoon-ENSO system in current and future
... forecasters, the phenomenon being of great importance to agrarian societies. Before general circulation models (GCMs) can be used to make predictions of the monsoon response to climate change, systematic errors in current simulations must be addressed. This thesis examines the impact of sea-surface ...
... forecasters, the phenomenon being of great importance to agrarian societies. Before general circulation models (GCMs) can be used to make predictions of the monsoon response to climate change, systematic errors in current simulations must be addressed. This thesis examines the impact of sea-surface ...
A multistage crucible of revision and approval shapes IPCC
... IPCC chair, provides explanations and proposes revisions in real time to address government comments raised from the floor. Hundreds of individuals participate in IPCC SPM approval plenaries, which are intense, diversely interpreted experiences. Anecdotes and perspectives on IPCC governmental approv ...
... IPCC chair, provides explanations and proposes revisions in real time to address government comments raised from the floor. Hundreds of individuals participate in IPCC SPM approval plenaries, which are intense, diversely interpreted experiences. Anecdotes and perspectives on IPCC governmental approv ...
Endangered Quino checkerspot butterfly and climate change: Short
... has compromised many of the existing sites where Quino is still found, throughout the subspecies’ range. Degradation stems from several sources: partly from non-native invasive annuals out-competing native annual host plants (likely aided by nitrogen loading from automobile pollution), partly from a ...
... has compromised many of the existing sites where Quino is still found, throughout the subspecies’ range. Degradation stems from several sources: partly from non-native invasive annuals out-competing native annual host plants (likely aided by nitrogen loading from automobile pollution), partly from a ...
Surface Observed Global Land Precipitation Variations during 1900
... period of 1951–70, about 85% of the land surface, or 40% of the global surface, was within 300 km of a station. This differs from station data of surface air temperatures, which are globally representative owing to the large influence radius (ø1200 km) in temperature anomaly fields (Hansen and Lebed ...
... period of 1951–70, about 85% of the land surface, or 40% of the global surface, was within 300 km of a station. This differs from station data of surface air temperatures, which are globally representative owing to the large influence radius (ø1200 km) in temperature anomaly fields (Hansen and Lebed ...
C IESM Workshop Monographs Climate warming and related changes in
... Global climate change is no longer a controversial issue, and the main feature of the current period is the increased variability in the observed phenomena. The warmest summer in the last centuries occurred in 2003 and was followed by a summer with intense rains leading to massive floods. Both ...
... Global climate change is no longer a controversial issue, and the main feature of the current period is the increased variability in the observed phenomena. The warmest summer in the last centuries occurred in 2003 and was followed by a summer with intense rains leading to massive floods. Both ...
Climate Change Scenarios for the Congo Basin
... rather representative subset of climate scenarios. Most of the assessments were based on six different global climate change scenarios; however for some studies like the analysis of the forest carbon cycle only two global climate scenarios could be used. This difference in the number of GCM input da ...
... rather representative subset of climate scenarios. Most of the assessments were based on six different global climate change scenarios; however for some studies like the analysis of the forest carbon cycle only two global climate scenarios could be used. This difference in the number of GCM input da ...
... Regarding Fluvià and Muga flows, a decrease in the annual average river flows was observed in the period 1971–2011. Recent marine data of the local sea level near Aiguamolls de l’Empordà showed an increase between 1990 and 2012. Furthermore, results of current available climate projections showed th ...
Climate Science, the Public and the News Media
... (i) document and evaluate public opinion about climate change and examine recent trends; (ii) investigate how effectively the main conclusions of climate science are being communicated to the general public in the UK; and (iii) explore how communication of climate science through the news media migh ...
... (i) document and evaluate public opinion about climate change and examine recent trends; (ii) investigate how effectively the main conclusions of climate science are being communicated to the general public in the UK; and (iii) explore how communication of climate science through the news media migh ...
Geoengineering Governance
... prompted increased domestic and international efforts to slow or counter expected changes. The main focus of such efforts has been to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, whether through cap-and-trade schemes, vehicle emission standards, land use regulation, or other tools. Recent proposals in Congr ...
... prompted increased domestic and international efforts to slow or counter expected changes. The main focus of such efforts has been to curb greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, whether through cap-and-trade schemes, vehicle emission standards, land use regulation, or other tools. Recent proposals in Congr ...
i Dissertation Topic: An assessment of the RDP settlements
... Figure 14: Climatic Zone Map of South Africa .......................................................... 47 Figure 15: settlements in South Africa impacted by climate change ........................ 52 Figure 16: Coastal erosion affecting settlements in Durban ..................................... 52 ...
... Figure 14: Climatic Zone Map of South Africa .......................................................... 47 Figure 15: settlements in South Africa impacted by climate change ........................ 52 Figure 16: Coastal erosion affecting settlements in Durban ..................................... 52 ...
The Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture, Land Resources,
... applied this terminology to previous studies by other authors. Climate Context There is a robust scientific consensus that human-induced climate change is occurring. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC, the most comprehensive and up-to-date scientific assessment of this issue, states with ...
... applied this terminology to previous studies by other authors. Climate Context There is a robust scientific consensus that human-induced climate change is occurring. The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC, the most comprehensive and up-to-date scientific assessment of this issue, states with ...
Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations
... Chapter 2 contains a brief description of energytransfer simulation within models, particularly within the atmospheric component. More important, Chapter 4 includes an extensive discussion about radiative forcing of climate change and climate sensitivity. The response of global mean temperature to a ...
... Chapter 2 contains a brief description of energytransfer simulation within models, particularly within the atmospheric component. More important, Chapter 4 includes an extensive discussion about radiative forcing of climate change and climate sensitivity. The response of global mean temperature to a ...
Climate Change Financing - SÜDWIND
... developing countries because of its higher level of ambition and the additional transparency, and thereby put pressure on other countries to follow suit. Any definition should build on the twelve-point action plan (EU 2011b) to raise ODA levels to 0.7 % of GNI by 2015. Although intermediate goals ha ...
... developing countries because of its higher level of ambition and the additional transparency, and thereby put pressure on other countries to follow suit. Any definition should build on the twelve-point action plan (EU 2011b) to raise ODA levels to 0.7 % of GNI by 2015. Although intermediate goals ha ...
Climate Change Scenarios for the United Kingdom
... 6. The UK climate has also changed over the same period, and many of these changes are consistent with the warming of global climate. Central England temperature rose by almost 1ºC through the twentieth century. The decade of the 1990s was the warmest in central England since records began in the 16 ...
... 6. The UK climate has also changed over the same period, and many of these changes are consistent with the warming of global climate. Central England temperature rose by almost 1ºC through the twentieth century. The decade of the 1990s was the warmest in central England since records began in the 16 ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.