presentation - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... Tropical Atmosphere: Convective adjustment scheme with water vapor feedback (Manabe and Weatherald, 1967) with 18 vertical layers (2 hPa ≈ 43 km) Set Cloud Fraction = 0.0, tune Horizontal Flux to get T(Sfc) = 300 K Ocean: Heat diffusion with 4 layers, coupled with atmosphere through energy exchange ...
... Tropical Atmosphere: Convective adjustment scheme with water vapor feedback (Manabe and Weatherald, 1967) with 18 vertical layers (2 hPa ≈ 43 km) Set Cloud Fraction = 0.0, tune Horizontal Flux to get T(Sfc) = 300 K Ocean: Heat diffusion with 4 layers, coupled with atmosphere through energy exchange ...
Tools for Assessing Regional Model Output (continued)
... • One can think of them as the prediction of a model, contingent upon the greenhouse gas emissions scenario • Since estimates of regional change by models differ substantially, an individual model estimate should be treated more as a scenario ...
... • One can think of them as the prediction of a model, contingent upon the greenhouse gas emissions scenario • Since estimates of regional change by models differ substantially, an individual model estimate should be treated more as a scenario ...
MSC-PHD Kelps and Climate change posted 21 Oct 2014
... kelps. Bursaries are available to support MSc or PhD level studies commencing in ...
... kelps. Bursaries are available to support MSc or PhD level studies commencing in ...
Global warming - The Open University
... Click on the link below to view a chart showing the rates of energy gain and loss by the Earth's surface and atmosphere Energy gain and loss Up to this point we have been primarily concerned with evidence and trends, with ‘what has happened’. This sort of analysis does not tell you ‘why’ something h ...
... Click on the link below to view a chart showing the rates of energy gain and loss by the Earth's surface and atmosphere Energy gain and loss Up to this point we have been primarily concerned with evidence and trends, with ‘what has happened’. This sort of analysis does not tell you ‘why’ something h ...
INDIAN MONSOON,Alock Ranjan Sir Geography Hindi
... follows global warming trend (IndianExpress) A scientific study published in the journal of American Meteorological Society suggested that last year’s Uttarakhand floods could be directly linked to climate change. (Source: PTI) Earlier this week, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ...
... follows global warming trend (IndianExpress) A scientific study published in the journal of American Meteorological Society suggested that last year’s Uttarakhand floods could be directly linked to climate change. (Source: PTI) Earlier this week, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ...
BMUNC 151 DELEGATE PACK WHAT IS A MUN? Model United
... the terms of the Copenhagen Accord, the fulfillment of states’ pledges will be reviewed. The Accord also calls for a slowing in deforestation and an increase in international aid, and it establishes a Copenhagen Green Climate Fund to channel aid and accelerate the use of green technologies. While th ...
... the terms of the Copenhagen Accord, the fulfillment of states’ pledges will be reviewed. The Accord also calls for a slowing in deforestation and an increase in international aid, and it establishes a Copenhagen Green Climate Fund to channel aid and accelerate the use of green technologies. While th ...
CLIMATE CHANGE BRIEF Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
... ecosystem- and species-level responses to those changes and the implications for management of highpriority park resources. The climate change information in this brief is meant to inform resource managers of past change, describe projected climate change for the period 1900-2100, and discuss ecolog ...
... ecosystem- and species-level responses to those changes and the implications for management of highpriority park resources. The climate change information in this brief is meant to inform resource managers of past change, describe projected climate change for the period 1900-2100, and discuss ecolog ...
Climate Impacts of Land Degradation in the World`s
... human-induced desertification are more pronounced today than at any time in the Earth’s history. More of the world’s drylands are being degraded more than ever before, and we are now witnessing a complicated set of feedbacks between dryland surface conditions and the local, regional and global atmos ...
... human-induced desertification are more pronounced today than at any time in the Earth’s history. More of the world’s drylands are being degraded more than ever before, and we are now witnessing a complicated set of feedbacks between dryland surface conditions and the local, regional and global atmos ...
Centre for Earth System Dynamics
... can decide if possible future climate changes important. • My personal view is that impacts work needs more exploration, range of models (“traceable hierarchy”) and disciplines to provide good and robust answers. ...
... can decide if possible future climate changes important. • My personal view is that impacts work needs more exploration, range of models (“traceable hierarchy”) and disciplines to provide good and robust answers. ...
The change of the hydrological cycle under the influence of global
... some rivers the many-year changeability may decrease or increase by dozens of percents. 1 "Crise In the next stage of global warming, when the mean global temperature has risen by 1°, the expected changes of river runoff will be similar to those of the Holocene optimum. At that time river runoff for ...
... some rivers the many-year changeability may decrease or increase by dozens of percents. 1 "Crise In the next stage of global warming, when the mean global temperature has risen by 1°, the expected changes of river runoff will be similar to those of the Holocene optimum. At that time river runoff for ...
Summary Report
... be due to natural factors. The rapid changes that have occurred since the middle of the past century, however, have been caused largely by humanity’s emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Other human activities also affect the climate system, including emissions of pollutants and other ...
... be due to natural factors. The rapid changes that have occurred since the middle of the past century, however, have been caused largely by humanity’s emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Other human activities also affect the climate system, including emissions of pollutants and other ...
Climate Change, the Himalayan Mountains, and ICIMOD
... Terminus positions of Glacier EB060, Khumbu Himal, Nepal in 1997 (left) and 2004 (right) ...
... Terminus positions of Glacier EB060, Khumbu Himal, Nepal in 1997 (left) and 2004 (right) ...
2014年8月16日托福阅读真题回忆
... properties overtime, sometimes for hundreds or thousands of years. Generally, the layering occurs on an annual basis, hence the observed changes in the records can be dated. Information on temperature, rainfall, and other aspects of the climate that can be inferred from the systematic changes in pro ...
... properties overtime, sometimes for hundreds or thousands of years. Generally, the layering occurs on an annual basis, hence the observed changes in the records can be dated. Information on temperature, rainfall, and other aspects of the climate that can be inferred from the systematic changes in pro ...
The Futile Quest for Climate Control
... in Nature by Mann, Bradley and Hughes, which was used extensively in the IPCC 3rd Assessment Report but discarded from the 4th. An earlier problem of the same type surfaced during the preparation of the 2nd Assessment Report, when a reviewer of part of the draft requested that he be supplied with so ...
... in Nature by Mann, Bradley and Hughes, which was used extensively in the IPCC 3rd Assessment Report but discarded from the 4th. An earlier problem of the same type surfaced during the preparation of the 2nd Assessment Report, when a reviewer of part of the draft requested that he be supplied with so ...
Workshop - Caribbean - Technical Report
... The available guidance indicates that INDCs should include quantifiable information on the reference point (including, as appropriate, a base year), time frames and/or periods for implementation, scope and coverage, planning processes, assumptions and methodological approaches including those for es ...
... The available guidance indicates that INDCs should include quantifiable information on the reference point (including, as appropriate, a base year), time frames and/or periods for implementation, scope and coverage, planning processes, assumptions and methodological approaches including those for es ...
Does Lifestyle affect Climate?
... equal to the amount of heat absorbed by the Earth. This balance is influenced by many factors including the level of greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide and methane). In recent decades human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels for energy production and deforestation have increased th ...
... equal to the amount of heat absorbed by the Earth. This balance is influenced by many factors including the level of greenhouse gases (e.g. carbon dioxide and methane). In recent decades human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels for energy production and deforestation have increased th ...
Slide 1 - University of Washington
... Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle. Battin J., Wiley, M.W., Ruckelshaus, M.H., Palmer, R.N., Korb, E., Bartz, K.K., Imaki, H., 2007. Projected impacts of climate change on salmon habitat restoration, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United St ...
... Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle. Battin J., Wiley, M.W., Ruckelshaus, M.H., Palmer, R.N., Korb, E., Bartz, K.K., Imaki, H., 2007. Projected impacts of climate change on salmon habitat restoration, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United St ...
INTRODUCTION
... that cities and states enact action plans that identify not only ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also to mitigate negative impacts on global warming. According to the IPCC (2001), sea level rise alone, enhanced by the warmer temperatures, may increase current global average sea level by ...
... that cities and states enact action plans that identify not only ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also to mitigate negative impacts on global warming. According to the IPCC (2001), sea level rise alone, enhanced by the warmer temperatures, may increase current global average sea level by ...
Session 5 – Unpicking the SDGs – part 2
... • mitigation is addressed through Goals 7 on energy, 12 and 14 on resources, and 15 on land use, among others. Achieving sustainable resource management and preventing pollution necessarily means reducing fossil fuel dependency while increasing energy efficiency. And a goal to reduce all pollution, ...
... • mitigation is addressed through Goals 7 on energy, 12 and 14 on resources, and 15 on land use, among others. Achieving sustainable resource management and preventing pollution necessarily means reducing fossil fuel dependency while increasing energy efficiency. And a goal to reduce all pollution, ...
Document
... • There are a few stations of surface ocean temperature monitoring (e.g. Noumea, Chersterfield, Wallis) that could be enhanced. • HR XBT are a major repeat database, with the Tasman Box. We have in mind the possibility of improving the Noumea-Solomon Islands line for SPICE purposes (presently low re ...
... • There are a few stations of surface ocean temperature monitoring (e.g. Noumea, Chersterfield, Wallis) that could be enhanced. • HR XBT are a major repeat database, with the Tasman Box. We have in mind the possibility of improving the Noumea-Solomon Islands line for SPICE purposes (presently low re ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.