Climate models at their limit? - UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
... climate before the shift correct and the other two had to be fed parameters up to ten times greater than would be realistic to produce the abrupt shift. The climate models, or ‘climate simulators’ as some groups are now referring to them, being used in the IPCC’s fifth assessment make fewer assumpti ...
... climate before the shift correct and the other two had to be fed parameters up to ten times greater than would be realistic to produce the abrupt shift. The climate models, or ‘climate simulators’ as some groups are now referring to them, being used in the IPCC’s fifth assessment make fewer assumpti ...
- Cool Planet MN
... In the 19th century, scientists realized that gases in the atmosphere cause a "greenhouse effect" which affects the planet's temperature. These scientists were interested chiefly in the possibility that a lower level of carbon dioxide gas might explain the ice ages of the distant past. At the turn o ...
... In the 19th century, scientists realized that gases in the atmosphere cause a "greenhouse effect" which affects the planet's temperature. These scientists were interested chiefly in the possibility that a lower level of carbon dioxide gas might explain the ice ages of the distant past. At the turn o ...
Climate Change in the Pacific
... Faster growth will also lessen time to maturity. This could decrease yields and perhaps food value 2. The sugar content of cane cold, for example, be lessened. Yet for rice, this could permit an additional crop per year. ...
... Faster growth will also lessen time to maturity. This could decrease yields and perhaps food value 2. The sugar content of cane cold, for example, be lessened. Yet for rice, this could permit an additional crop per year. ...
Document
... Climate change is one of the greatest ecological, economic, and social challenges facing us today. The scientific evidence that human activities are contributing to climate change is compelling, but society is increasingly seeking information about the nature of the evidence and what can be done in ...
... Climate change is one of the greatest ecological, economic, and social challenges facing us today. The scientific evidence that human activities are contributing to climate change is compelling, but society is increasingly seeking information about the nature of the evidence and what can be done in ...
- LPPM-UNILA Institutional Repository (LPPM
... closed car that is park under the scorching heat of the sun and feel the temperature on the car was very hot, but they were not able to explain exactly why it can happen. Greenhouse gas emissions are considered dangerous that should be controlled are: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxi ...
... closed car that is park under the scorching heat of the sun and feel the temperature on the car was very hot, but they were not able to explain exactly why it can happen. Greenhouse gas emissions are considered dangerous that should be controlled are: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxi ...
to this text in PDF format and view the full list of
... As part of a broader struggle to achieve climate justice, reparations for climate debt and a profound global transformation - we demand from all governments that if international negotiations are to mean anything, they must deliver outcomes that will: Prevent catastrophic climate change and ensure j ...
... As part of a broader struggle to achieve climate justice, reparations for climate debt and a profound global transformation - we demand from all governments that if international negotiations are to mean anything, they must deliver outcomes that will: Prevent catastrophic climate change and ensure j ...
Radiative forcing - UW Atmospheric Sciences
... Peak to peak radiative forcing of the Sun: 0.2 W/m2 Affects global temperatures by around 0.2o C (research of Prof. Tung, Applied Math, UW) ...
... Peak to peak radiative forcing of the Sun: 0.2 W/m2 Affects global temperatures by around 0.2o C (research of Prof. Tung, Applied Math, UW) ...
Climate.Denial.2011
... of the surface of the Earth, 24/7 • Doing that would make the surface warmer • This was known before light bulbs were invented! ...
... of the surface of the Earth, 24/7 • Doing that would make the surface warmer • This was known before light bulbs were invented! ...
powerpoint - White Mountain Research Center
... differences using ANCOVA, mean daily minima increased through the summer. In all 3 drainages, June was the most likely month to experience sub-zero temperatures. ...
... differences using ANCOVA, mean daily minima increased through the summer. In all 3 drainages, June was the most likely month to experience sub-zero temperatures. ...
CCN (~100 nm) Other particles (aerosols)
... aerosol absorption heats atmospheric layer warmer air → lower relative humidity → less/no cloud forcing or feedback? ...
... aerosol absorption heats atmospheric layer warmer air → lower relative humidity → less/no cloud forcing or feedback? ...
Climate Change Lecture Notes
... 5. Students can identify the major ways in which the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth, and explain how and why the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth. 6. Students can describe and explain how and why the amount of clouds in the atmosphere affects the average tempera ...
... 5. Students can identify the major ways in which the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth, and explain how and why the ocean affects the average temperature of the Earth. 6. Students can describe and explain how and why the amount of clouds in the atmosphere affects the average tempera ...
Predictions of Future Climate Change
... Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research.[1] This shows that decisions over the next few years by the major greenhouse gas emitting nations (and by us all), will leave a legacy of increasing climate change over the next millennium unless there is a major reduction in emissions. Obviously the story ...
... Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research.[1] This shows that decisions over the next few years by the major greenhouse gas emitting nations (and by us all), will leave a legacy of increasing climate change over the next millennium unless there is a major reduction in emissions. Obviously the story ...
DOC - Europa.eu
... Interaction, 2007-2010, FP6, EU budget contribution: €10 mln). Measurements of the effect of aerosols on the cooling or heating of the planet are needed in order to better inform climate change projections. EUCAARI reduced the uncertainty of impact of aerosol particles on climate by 50% and quantifi ...
... Interaction, 2007-2010, FP6, EU budget contribution: €10 mln). Measurements of the effect of aerosols on the cooling or heating of the planet are needed in order to better inform climate change projections. EUCAARI reduced the uncertainty of impact of aerosol particles on climate by 50% and quantifi ...
ÔØ Å ÒÙ× Ö ÔØ - Department of the Geophysical Sciences
... the Sun and the geomagnetic field could be more complex than previously imagined. And the previous points allow the possibility for some connection between the geomagnetic field and climate over these time scales. ...
... the Sun and the geomagnetic field could be more complex than previously imagined. And the previous points allow the possibility for some connection between the geomagnetic field and climate over these time scales. ...
Global Health Threats: Global Warming in Perspective
... in the foreseeable future, it will, nevertheless, remain a much smaller threat than other non-global-warming-related threats. Note that the above estimates do not explicitly consider changes in mortality due to reduced cold stress from any warming that may occur in the future. In many areas, average ...
... in the foreseeable future, it will, nevertheless, remain a much smaller threat than other non-global-warming-related threats. Note that the above estimates do not explicitly consider changes in mortality due to reduced cold stress from any warming that may occur in the future. In many areas, average ...
Climate Threats: A More Inclusive Assessment Is Needed
... Eric Sundquist, U.S. Geological Survey Pieter Tans, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ...
... Eric Sundquist, U.S. Geological Survey Pieter Tans, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ...
Dear Al - Friends of Science
... climate feedbacks from water vapour and ice-melt. I did not mention climate feedbacks from clouds because, as the UN itself says, even the direction of the change in radiative forcing and hence in temperature caused by clouds is not known (IPCC 2001). I explained that the UN’s reason for using a fig ...
... climate feedbacks from water vapour and ice-melt. I did not mention climate feedbacks from clouds because, as the UN itself says, even the direction of the change in radiative forcing and hence in temperature caused by clouds is not known (IPCC 2001). I explained that the UN’s reason for using a fig ...
Table of Contents: Clouds Impact Climate Change
... have different numbers of ice crystals or water droplets at different sizes; in a model these must be held fixed for various lengths of time, even though in the atmosphere they are constantly evolving. Because of these problems, even the most sophisticated climate models do not agree on the impact o ...
... have different numbers of ice crystals or water droplets at different sizes; in a model these must be held fixed for various lengths of time, even though in the atmosphere they are constantly evolving. Because of these problems, even the most sophisticated climate models do not agree on the impact o ...
Assessing the Risk of Climate Change on the Water Resources of
... in a normal climate and >30% in a flood-dominated climate. Uncertainty analysis shows that global warming provides 25% of total uncertainty due to climate change, rainfall change contributes 64% and potential evaporation change contributes 12%. Understanding climate change in terms of local rainfall ...
... in a normal climate and >30% in a flood-dominated climate. Uncertainty analysis shows that global warming provides 25% of total uncertainty due to climate change, rainfall change contributes 64% and potential evaporation change contributes 12%. Understanding climate change in terms of local rainfall ...
Responsibility for a Feasible Climate Ambition Key Words: Climate
... The Domestic Abatement Target may be supplemented with the purchase of available carbon credits in order to make up the difference with the National Responsibility Level ...
... The Domestic Abatement Target may be supplemented with the purchase of available carbon credits in order to make up the difference with the National Responsibility Level ...
Climate Change December 2009
... conference in Oxford: “Political reality must be grounded in physical reality or it’s completely useless.” Schellnhuber recently briefed U.S. officials from the Barack Obama administration – he states that they chided him that his findings were “not grounded in political reality” and that “the [U.S. ...
... conference in Oxford: “Political reality must be grounded in physical reality or it’s completely useless.” Schellnhuber recently briefed U.S. officials from the Barack Obama administration – he states that they chided him that his findings were “not grounded in political reality” and that “the [U.S. ...
PDF - Wiley Online Library
... provisioning and cultural ecosystem services to people around the world. Climate change is among the greatest threats to lakes [Carpenter et al., 2011], yet empirical knowledge of global lake responses remains fragmented, in need of the syntheses that already have catalyzed major climate change init ...
... provisioning and cultural ecosystem services to people around the world. Climate change is among the greatest threats to lakes [Carpenter et al., 2011], yet empirical knowledge of global lake responses remains fragmented, in need of the syntheses that already have catalyzed major climate change init ...
PDF sample
... becoming less certain. This is a paradox that has worried me for a while. Some people have used it to pour scorn on the scientists trying to come to grips with the consequences of our meddling with the climate—our planet’s life-support system. They suggest the uncertainty means we don’t need to worr ...
... becoming less certain. This is a paradox that has worried me for a while. Some people have used it to pour scorn on the scientists trying to come to grips with the consequences of our meddling with the climate—our planet’s life-support system. They suggest the uncertainty means we don’t need to worr ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.