Met 10 - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... activities .“ (IPCC), 2001 The IPCC finds that it is “very likely” that emissions of heattrapping gases from human activities have caused “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century. (IPCC) 2007 ...
... activities .“ (IPCC), 2001 The IPCC finds that it is “very likely” that emissions of heattrapping gases from human activities have caused “most of the observed increase in globally averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century. (IPCC) 2007 ...
Chapter 1: Background Oceanography
... liquid water on the Earth’s surface for more than 3 billion years (Sagan et al., 1997). Ammonia may have accounted for much of the greenhouse effect in the reducing atmosphere of the early Earth (Sagan et al., 1972; Sagan, 1977), but once atmospheric O2 levels rose to 21%, ammonia concentrations we ...
... liquid water on the Earth’s surface for more than 3 billion years (Sagan et al., 1997). Ammonia may have accounted for much of the greenhouse effect in the reducing atmosphere of the early Earth (Sagan et al., 1972; Sagan, 1977), but once atmospheric O2 levels rose to 21%, ammonia concentrations we ...
Temperature Variability over Africa - Weather Center
... The IPCC regional climate projections for Africa suggest that for West Africa, East Africa, South Africa, and the Sahara, regardless of the season, the predicted average increase in temperature for 1900–2100 ranges from 38 to 48C (Christensen et al. 2007). This amount is about 1.5 times the projecte ...
... The IPCC regional climate projections for Africa suggest that for West Africa, East Africa, South Africa, and the Sahara, regardless of the season, the predicted average increase in temperature for 1900–2100 ranges from 38 to 48C (Christensen et al. 2007). This amount is about 1.5 times the projecte ...
Climatic changes and associated impacts in the Mediterranean
... 2060. To study the 2026–2060 period, considering 20 simulations, or just one with an average response, to forcing scenarios will give similar results although spatial differences may still be present among models. The advantage of using one model resides in the knowledge of its weaknesses and shortc ...
... 2060. To study the 2026–2060 period, considering 20 simulations, or just one with an average response, to forcing scenarios will give similar results although spatial differences may still be present among models. The advantage of using one model resides in the knowledge of its weaknesses and shortc ...
Massachusetts v. EPA, 127 S.Ct. 1438 (2007)
... part of its duty or power to enforce their rights in respect of their relations with the Federal Government. In that field it is the United States, and not the State, which represents them." ...
... part of its duty or power to enforce their rights in respect of their relations with the Federal Government. In that field it is the United States, and not the State, which represents them." ...
CLIMATE CHANGE: IMPLICATIONS FOR COMMERCIAL
... Climate Change Is Real And Negatively Affecting Commercial Real Estate 1 And The Built Environment A. ...
... Climate Change Is Real And Negatively Affecting Commercial Real Estate 1 And The Built Environment A. ...
B C ACKGROUNDER
... limited its own carbon emissions.26 Given the magnitude of the threat, Congress must exercise American leadership before December. The final step is to move America to a fundamentally new energy posture. Between the threat of climate change and the imperative to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels ...
... limited its own carbon emissions.26 Given the magnitude of the threat, Congress must exercise American leadership before December. The final step is to move America to a fundamentally new energy posture. Between the threat of climate change and the imperative to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels ...
OVERVIEW OF CLIMATE SCIENCE
... • Produces additional climate beyond that caused by the original factor • Amplifies change underway • Not to be interpreted as a “good” change. • Example: – Decrease in solar energy could result in glaciers at high latitudes • Increase in ice and snow cover could further result in lower temperatures ...
... • Produces additional climate beyond that caused by the original factor • Amplifies change underway • Not to be interpreted as a “good” change. • Example: – Decrease in solar energy could result in glaciers at high latitudes • Increase in ice and snow cover could further result in lower temperatures ...
Polar amplification as a preferred response in an idealized
... In a CO2 -doubling experiment with the CCC GCM coupled to a mixed-layer ocean, Boer (1995) found a polar amplified surface temperature response accompanied by a very modest change in total poleward atmospheric energy transport. The small change was found to occur due to a cancellation between a decr ...
... In a CO2 -doubling experiment with the CCC GCM coupled to a mixed-layer ocean, Boer (1995) found a polar amplified surface temperature response accompanied by a very modest change in total poleward atmospheric energy transport. The small change was found to occur due to a cancellation between a decr ...
Exploring Climate Change - Education Scotland
... temperatures in the 20th century are higher than at any point in the last 1,000 years. A version of this graph was first published in a paper by Mann, Bradley and Hughes in 19983, covering the period from 1998 back to the year 1400. It became known as the ‘hockey stick’ because it resembles the shap ...
... temperatures in the 20th century are higher than at any point in the last 1,000 years. A version of this graph was first published in a paper by Mann, Bradley and Hughes in 19983, covering the period from 1998 back to the year 1400. It became known as the ‘hockey stick’ because it resembles the shap ...
Climate change scenario for Costa Rican montane forests
... cooling and no change in the moisture content of the air as it’s been uplifted. However, this exercise illustrates the fact that while atmospheric moisture content might increase (and does increase in the model) as a result of intensified hydrological cycle in future, rising temperatures might drive ...
... cooling and no change in the moisture content of the air as it’s been uplifted. However, this exercise illustrates the fact that while atmospheric moisture content might increase (and does increase in the model) as a result of intensified hydrological cycle in future, rising temperatures might drive ...
HFA roll out 2011-13
... • Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change Project Regional Meeting: August 2012 • Consultations at the Pacific Platform for DRM: September 2012 • Feedback to progress report provided by the Governing Councils of SPREP and SPC in 2012 • 2013 Joint Meeting of the Pacific Platform for DRM + Pacific Climat ...
... • Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change Project Regional Meeting: August 2012 • Consultations at the Pacific Platform for DRM: September 2012 • Feedback to progress report provided by the Governing Councils of SPREP and SPC in 2012 • 2013 Joint Meeting of the Pacific Platform for DRM + Pacific Climat ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Community Earth System Model
... Germany), and Ron Stouffer (GFDL, USA)]. This panel is coordinating the collection and archival of the multi-model output at PCMDI. The initial deadline for submission of model data is September 1, 2004. ...
... Germany), and Ron Stouffer (GFDL, USA)]. This panel is coordinating the collection and archival of the multi-model output at PCMDI. The initial deadline for submission of model data is September 1, 2004. ...
Climate change and environment
... to 2004 (Source: Petit & Prudent 2008, p. 42, from Webster et al 2005) ...
... to 2004 (Source: Petit & Prudent 2008, p. 42, from Webster et al 2005) ...
When Science and Ideology Collide: Explaining
... mainstream message, in which more Democratic and Republican members of congress agree about the causes of climate change, should reduce Americans’ global warming doubts (H5). There is much less prior research on evolution opinions from which to derive our expectations. It is particularly informative ...
... mainstream message, in which more Democratic and Republican members of congress agree about the causes of climate change, should reduce Americans’ global warming doubts (H5). There is much less prior research on evolution opinions from which to derive our expectations. It is particularly informative ...
Slide 1
... Strategic - those who deny climate change to protect their job, business, position, relationship Intellectual – those with a genuine disagreement with climate change based on their own scientific understanding Psychological – those who deny climate change because it challenges their beliefs and ...
... Strategic - those who deny climate change to protect their job, business, position, relationship Intellectual – those with a genuine disagreement with climate change based on their own scientific understanding Psychological – those who deny climate change because it challenges their beliefs and ...
Frequently Asked Questions - University of Colorado Boulder
... clears aerosols out of the atmosphere in a week or two, but when material from a violent volcanic eruption is projected far above the highest cloud, these aerosols typically influence the climate for about a year or two before falling into the troposphere and being carried to the surface by precipita ...
... clears aerosols out of the atmosphere in a week or two, but when material from a violent volcanic eruption is projected far above the highest cloud, these aerosols typically influence the climate for about a year or two before falling into the troposphere and being carried to the surface by precipita ...
Toronto Environment Office: Toronto`s Future Weather and Climage
... The significance of the findings from this study relate to the underlying purpose of the study and the methods by which results were sought and obtained. The City of Toronto very specifically sought future climate information that could not be reliably provided by GCMs and RCMs as these did not incl ...
... The significance of the findings from this study relate to the underlying purpose of the study and the methods by which results were sought and obtained. The City of Toronto very specifically sought future climate information that could not be reliably provided by GCMs and RCMs as these did not incl ...
Occasional Papers on Islands and Small States
... Climatic changes are thought to be caused by natural factors such as geophysical activity like volcanic and solar activity; and anthropogenic (human induced) changes resulting from human influence on the earth’s atmospheric chemistry. The debate as to which of these causes is actually contributing m ...
... Climatic changes are thought to be caused by natural factors such as geophysical activity like volcanic and solar activity; and anthropogenic (human induced) changes resulting from human influence on the earth’s atmospheric chemistry. The debate as to which of these causes is actually contributing m ...
climate change - Global Concerns Classroom
... protect villages from flooding, rehabilitating and constructing irrigation canals, improving agricultural practices, and introducing droughtresistant seed varieties to ensure consistent food supply in vulnerable communities. ...
... protect villages from flooding, rehabilitating and constructing irrigation canals, improving agricultural practices, and introducing droughtresistant seed varieties to ensure consistent food supply in vulnerable communities. ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.