Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long
... radiative forcing (9, 10) and sea level from past observations. Without aiming to capture the full physics of the sea level components, they project future sea level assuming that the past statistical relation also holds in the future. Their simpler nature makes them feasible for probabilistic asses ...
... radiative forcing (9, 10) and sea level from past observations. Without aiming to capture the full physics of the sea level components, they project future sea level assuming that the past statistical relation also holds in the future. Their simpler nature makes them feasible for probabilistic asses ...
Future climate in the Pacific Northwest
... 2003, updated). Furthermore, regionally averaged trends in temperature are robustly upward regardless of starting point except for very short periods, and only a few individual stations show cooling trends. We do not perform the same comparison for precipitation since there is no evidence that preci ...
... 2003, updated). Furthermore, regionally averaged trends in temperature are robustly upward regardless of starting point except for very short periods, and only a few individual stations show cooling trends. We do not perform the same comparison for precipitation since there is no evidence that preci ...
Climate and Sea Level Change
... surface. The quantity of interest in oceanography is the height of the instantaneous sea surface above a fixed reference surface, which is computed as the difference between the altitude of the satellite above the reference ellipsoid and the altimeter range. The satellite position is computed throug ...
... surface. The quantity of interest in oceanography is the height of the instantaneous sea surface above a fixed reference surface, which is computed as the difference between the altitude of the satellite above the reference ellipsoid and the altimeter range. The satellite position is computed throug ...
Petition for Reconsideration of Endangerment Finding FINAL
... reconsideration are easily met here. The matters in this Petition could not have been raised during the comment period on the Endangerment Finding because the Research Report on which this Petition principally relies was first published on September 21, 2016, close to seven years after the Endangerm ...
... reconsideration are easily met here. The matters in this Petition could not have been raised during the comment period on the Endangerment Finding because the Research Report on which this Petition principally relies was first published on September 21, 2016, close to seven years after the Endangerm ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE PERCEPTION AND VALUATION
... coming century would be less than one degree, and an additional third of the sample believed that the lower bound of the temperature increase would be 1-3 degrees. The final column of Table 1 shows the results for the best estimates of the risk. The mean estimate of the temperature increase in Bosto ...
... coming century would be less than one degree, and an additional third of the sample believed that the lower bound of the temperature increase would be 1-3 degrees. The final column of Table 1 shows the results for the best estimates of the risk. The mean estimate of the temperature increase in Bosto ...
Worksheets on Climate Change: Global climate change
... effect and its consequences are exemplary of the challenges facing the globalised world. Reports about weather catastrophes (e.g. the European “summer of the century” in 2003, floods in India and Bangladesh in 2007, Typhoon Haiyan which hit the Philippines particularly hard in 2013), warnings from c ...
... effect and its consequences are exemplary of the challenges facing the globalised world. Reports about weather catastrophes (e.g. the European “summer of the century” in 2003, floods in India and Bangladesh in 2007, Typhoon Haiyan which hit the Philippines particularly hard in 2013), warnings from c ...
Greenhouse effect: Who has the answers?
... check their sources. Real scientists don’t quote newspapers. “So far from being certain that the Earth is getting warmer, there are scientists who believe that it is not. Why only thirty years ago, scientists were predicting a new ice age. Television producers made programmes about that too. They ma ...
... check their sources. Real scientists don’t quote newspapers. “So far from being certain that the Earth is getting warmer, there are scientists who believe that it is not. Why only thirty years ago, scientists were predicting a new ice age. Television producers made programmes about that too. They ma ...
Climate Change - Alfred Nzo District Municipality
... rural households that depend on natural resources for consumption or trade. Land may become less fertile may be. Shifts in climate will bring changes in Alfred Nzo region; some areas may see greater natural resources because of increased rainfall, for example. But on balance, the poorest regions are ...
... rural households that depend on natural resources for consumption or trade. Land may become less fertile may be. Shifts in climate will bring changes in Alfred Nzo region; some areas may see greater natural resources because of increased rainfall, for example. But on balance, the poorest regions are ...
Annex 5.7.2 Climate change
... Meanwhile, rising temperatures, erratic rainfall and other changing climatic conditions are eroding people’s capacity to cope with and recover from these hazards when they hit. Therefore, it is essential for the international community to quickly make deep cuts in global greenhouse gas emissions ...
... Meanwhile, rising temperatures, erratic rainfall and other changing climatic conditions are eroding people’s capacity to cope with and recover from these hazards when they hit. Therefore, it is essential for the international community to quickly make deep cuts in global greenhouse gas emissions ...
Homework Assignment Word Version
... For each of the four studies you are provided, you need to identify the example of change in distribution or behavior of the gray whales. These changes represent the facts or observations. Then use the information provided with that example to determine the scientific interpretation related to the w ...
... For each of the four studies you are provided, you need to identify the example of change in distribution or behavior of the gray whales. These changes represent the facts or observations. Then use the information provided with that example to determine the scientific interpretation related to the w ...
National Geographic rising sea level prophecy
... Figure 8. Cooling of -0.23°C per century over the past decade. (modified from Monckton, 2013) In order to get the accelerated sea level rise postulated by National Geographic, much of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets would have to melt. However the Antarctic ice cap is growing, not melting, an ...
... Figure 8. Cooling of -0.23°C per century over the past decade. (modified from Monckton, 2013) In order to get the accelerated sea level rise postulated by National Geographic, much of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets would have to melt. However the Antarctic ice cap is growing, not melting, an ...
Powerpoint - Imode Energy Research
... Natural forcing factors Human forcing factors Global climate model and global warming Climate change and natural disasters Abrupt climate change Mitigation and adaptation ...
... Natural forcing factors Human forcing factors Global climate model and global warming Climate change and natural disasters Abrupt climate change Mitigation and adaptation ...
Homework Assignment Pdf Version
... For each of the four studies you are provided, you need to identify the example of change in distribution or behavior of the gray whales. These changes represent the facts or observations. Then use the information provided with that example to determine the scientific interpretation related to t ...
... For each of the four studies you are provided, you need to identify the example of change in distribution or behavior of the gray whales. These changes represent the facts or observations. Then use the information provided with that example to determine the scientific interpretation related to t ...
Climate Change and Natural Disasters: Scientific
... As the devastating impact of recent natural disasters such as hurricane Katrina indicates, mankind is vulnerable to extreme weather events even in wealthy nations. Clearly such extreme events have always been part of life; however, with the likelihood of anthropogenic global climate change1 being a ...
... As the devastating impact of recent natural disasters such as hurricane Katrina indicates, mankind is vulnerable to extreme weather events even in wealthy nations. Clearly such extreme events have always been part of life; however, with the likelihood of anthropogenic global climate change1 being a ...
Predicting the effects of climate change on fire frequency in the
... Duparquet in the southern boreal forest of Quebec. Fire frequency during the period between 1870 and 1989 was 34% lower than in the preceding 74 years. The observed decrease was attributed to changes in the climate because fires are not suppressed on the islands and fires were shown to be locally ig ...
... Duparquet in the southern boreal forest of Quebec. Fire frequency during the period between 1870 and 1989 was 34% lower than in the preceding 74 years. The observed decrease was attributed to changes in the climate because fires are not suppressed on the islands and fires were shown to be locally ig ...
Atmospheric circulation as a source of uncertainty in climate change
... extent, glaciers, Northern Hemisphere snow cover, large-scale precipitation patterns (especially as reflected in ocean salinity) and temperature extremes (Fig. 1a,b). All these global indicators are physically linked in a direct way to the first on the list, surface temperature, and the changes are ...
... extent, glaciers, Northern Hemisphere snow cover, large-scale precipitation patterns (especially as reflected in ocean salinity) and temperature extremes (Fig. 1a,b). All these global indicators are physically linked in a direct way to the first on the list, surface temperature, and the changes are ...
PPT - Chicago Community Climate Action Toolkit
... Weather is the short-term changes in the atmosphere: what we experience day-to-day. Climate is the average long-term weather pattern of a specific location: how the atmosphere behaves over many, many years. ...
... Weather is the short-term changes in the atmosphere: what we experience day-to-day. Climate is the average long-term weather pattern of a specific location: how the atmosphere behaves over many, many years. ...
The Economics of Hurricanes and Implications
... has been no significant change in the nominal national capital–output ratio in recent decades (based on BEA data). However, the market value of household real estate has risen at 0.20% per year over the 1952–2006 period (based on Federal Reserve Flow of Funds data). Moreover, there has been rapid po ...
... has been no significant change in the nominal national capital–output ratio in recent decades (based on BEA data). However, the market value of household real estate has risen at 0.20% per year over the 1952–2006 period (based on Federal Reserve Flow of Funds data). Moreover, there has been rapid po ...
Puerto Rico`s State of the Climate EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
... trend for the Eastern Caribbean. Specifically for Puerto Rico, one analysis of weather station data from the period of 1948 to 2007 found no clear trends in total annual rainfall for the island as a whole, while another analysis showed decreases in rainfall for the island as a whole, while another a ...
... trend for the Eastern Caribbean. Specifically for Puerto Rico, one analysis of weather station data from the period of 1948 to 2007 found no clear trends in total annual rainfall for the island as a whole, while another analysis showed decreases in rainfall for the island as a whole, while another a ...
Newsletter - New Mexico Audubon Council
... Studies Canada for CAN$35. The participation fee covers materials, staff support, web design, data analysis, and the year-end report Project Feederwatch ...
... Studies Canada for CAN$35. The participation fee covers materials, staff support, web design, data analysis, and the year-end report Project Feederwatch ...
JMA/MRI
... Improving atmosphere-ocean coupled models will lead to constant improvement of seasonal predictions based on slow-coupled process like ENSO. On the other hand, high predictability from ENSO seems to be limited within relatively lowlatitudes. Therefore, for more complete seasonal prediction, we need ...
... Improving atmosphere-ocean coupled models will lead to constant improvement of seasonal predictions based on slow-coupled process like ENSO. On the other hand, high predictability from ENSO seems to be limited within relatively lowlatitudes. Therefore, for more complete seasonal prediction, we need ...
Slide 1
... these climate feedbacks, both historically and in the future? 3. What are the primary unknowns in obtaining a better understanding of these feedbacks, and what role can earth system models play in helping us better understand these feedback? ...
... these climate feedbacks, both historically and in the future? 3. What are the primary unknowns in obtaining a better understanding of these feedbacks, and what role can earth system models play in helping us better understand these feedback? ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.