Glossary
... period of time ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. These quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. Climate in a wider sense is the state, including a statistical description, of the climate system. The classical period of time is 30 ...
... period of time ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. These quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. Climate in a wider sense is the state, including a statistical description, of the climate system. The classical period of time is 30 ...
CLIMATE CHANGE OBSERVATORY - International Polar Foundation
... To understand climate change and the impact that it may have on 21st century social organisation, it is necessary to place present humaninduced climate change squarely in the context of the history of climate and the effect of change on human evolution, migration and the civilisations of the past. N ...
... To understand climate change and the impact that it may have on 21st century social organisation, it is necessary to place present humaninduced climate change squarely in the context of the history of climate and the effect of change on human evolution, migration and the civilisations of the past. N ...
Arctic sea ice decline: Faster than forecast
... the observed trend is externally forced. The same calculations for the satellite era (1979 – 2006) point to larger forced contributions of 47% and 57%. Calculations for March indicate that 34 to 39% and 45 to 52% of the trend is externally forced from 1953 –2006 and 1979 – 2006, respectively. Howeve ...
... the observed trend is externally forced. The same calculations for the satellite era (1979 – 2006) point to larger forced contributions of 47% and 57%. Calculations for March indicate that 34 to 39% and 45 to 52% of the trend is externally forced from 1953 –2006 and 1979 – 2006, respectively. Howeve ...
WMO
... 13. Coordinated scientific activities by WCRP include the Coupled Model Intercomparison Experiment Project (CMIP) that serves as the key tool to better understand past, present and future climate changes arising from either natural, unforced variability or in response to changes in radiative forcing ...
... 13. Coordinated scientific activities by WCRP include the Coupled Model Intercomparison Experiment Project (CMIP) that serves as the key tool to better understand past, present and future climate changes arising from either natural, unforced variability or in response to changes in radiative forcing ...
poster - Cecilia
... nutrient (N, P) concentrations and eutrophication in a reference river network with reservoirs used for drinking water supply and recreation. Study of the impacts of global change signal on local climate variability of air-sea coupled modes for the western Black Sea coast. ...
... nutrient (N, P) concentrations and eutrophication in a reference river network with reservoirs used for drinking water supply and recreation. Study of the impacts of global change signal on local climate variability of air-sea coupled modes for the western Black Sea coast. ...
PDF
... effect of decreasing food crops’ yields. The countries climate can be classified as continental with great diversity due to different topology and altitude (KHAN et al., 2010). The agriculture sector consists of crops, livestock, fishing and forestry. Major crops include wheat, cotton, rice, sugarca ...
... effect of decreasing food crops’ yields. The countries climate can be classified as continental with great diversity due to different topology and altitude (KHAN et al., 2010). The agriculture sector consists of crops, livestock, fishing and forestry. Major crops include wheat, cotton, rice, sugarca ...
IMOGEN: an intermediate complexity model to evaluate terrestrial
... simulations to different future pathways of greenhouse gases, including rapid first-order assessments of how the land surface and associated biogeochemical cycles might change. Evaluation of how new terrestrial process understanding influences such predictions can also be made with relative ease. ...
... simulations to different future pathways of greenhouse gases, including rapid first-order assessments of how the land surface and associated biogeochemical cycles might change. Evaluation of how new terrestrial process understanding influences such predictions can also be made with relative ease. ...
B1_Proshutinsky_IBO
... exist, can be readily extended to provide interdisciplinary observations, and should be implemented expeditiously as part of a coordinated Arctic observing system. ...
... exist, can be readily extended to provide interdisciplinary observations, and should be implemented expeditiously as part of a coordinated Arctic observing system. ...
Globalisation, Inequality and Climate Change: What
... relative expertise (its comparative advantage), and then trades its output to buy something that another firm or country produces relatively more effectively, than not only will productivity increase, but human welfare will be enhanced. This is the theory of comparative advantage that underlies mode ...
... relative expertise (its comparative advantage), and then trades its output to buy something that another firm or country produces relatively more effectively, than not only will productivity increase, but human welfare will be enhanced. This is the theory of comparative advantage that underlies mode ...
Extreme Allergies and Global Warming
... Poison ivy also grows faster and is more toxic when carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere. More than 350,000 cases of contact dermatitis from exposure to poison ivy are already reported in the United States each year. These numbers are likely to increase if poison ivy grows faster and becomes m ...
... Poison ivy also grows faster and is more toxic when carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere. More than 350,000 cases of contact dermatitis from exposure to poison ivy are already reported in the United States each year. These numbers are likely to increase if poison ivy grows faster and becomes m ...
CLIMsystems Compendium of Products and Services
... Increase in monthly and annual average daily maximum temperature Increase in number of days over threshold Increase in extreme temperature for 5-day event Increase in degree-days over threshold, as change-factor Change in wet-bulb temperature distribution Precipitation Monthly and annual ...
... Increase in monthly and annual average daily maximum temperature Increase in number of days over threshold Increase in extreme temperature for 5-day event Increase in degree-days over threshold, as change-factor Change in wet-bulb temperature distribution Precipitation Monthly and annual ...
Uncertainties of Climate Change in Arid Environments of Central Asia
... Based on palaeoanalogous scenarios, Central Asian deserts are often predicted to become moister as a result of global warming because they are located north of 30◦ latitude and are expected to benefit from the southward shift and probable intensification of the westerly cyclones similar to the early ...
... Based on palaeoanalogous scenarios, Central Asian deserts are often predicted to become moister as a result of global warming because they are located north of 30◦ latitude and are expected to benefit from the southward shift and probable intensification of the westerly cyclones similar to the early ...
NEWSLETTER - UU Ministry for Earth
... we ratified our call to action for addressing Global Warming/Climate Change with a comprehensive Statement of Conscience (SOC). The SOC includes something for everyone engaged in personal, congregational and community action in response to our challenges in building sustainable community. Check out ...
... we ratified our call to action for addressing Global Warming/Climate Change with a comprehensive Statement of Conscience (SOC). The SOC includes something for everyone engaged in personal, congregational and community action in response to our challenges in building sustainable community. Check out ...
Effects of future climate change on regional air pollution episodes in
... in severity appears to be caused by a decrease in the frequency of surface cyclones tracking across southern Canada. Our model trend in cyclone frequency is consistent with observed long-term trends over North America [Zishka and Smith, 1980] and more generally at northern midlatitudes [Agee, 1991; ...
... in severity appears to be caused by a decrease in the frequency of surface cyclones tracking across southern Canada. Our model trend in cyclone frequency is consistent with observed long-term trends over North America [Zishka and Smith, 1980] and more generally at northern midlatitudes [Agee, 1991; ...
Understanding Global Climate Change
... Under natural conditions, the Earth’s temperature is influenced internally by short- and long-term changes in the atmosphere and ocean. Short-term cooling can result from the injection of volcanic dust into the atmosphere following a massive eruption close to the equator, such as the 1991 Mt. Pinatu ...
... Under natural conditions, the Earth’s temperature is influenced internally by short- and long-term changes in the atmosphere and ocean. Short-term cooling can result from the injection of volcanic dust into the atmosphere following a massive eruption close to the equator, such as the 1991 Mt. Pinatu ...
Heat stress and the fitness consequences of climate change for
... simulation from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s CM2 global coupled climate models using greenhouse gas emissions scenario A2, a mid-range scenario for future emissions (Delworth et al. 2006). Climate warming in each month was added to the high-resolution (10′) spatially interpolated base ...
... simulation from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s CM2 global coupled climate models using greenhouse gas emissions scenario A2, a mid-range scenario for future emissions (Delworth et al. 2006). Climate warming in each month was added to the high-resolution (10′) spatially interpolated base ...
Impact of climate change on Least Developed Countries
... CO2 uptake is increasing the ocean’s acidity, threatening shellfish by reducing their ability to form shells. Warming can also cause oxygen levels to fall and, in extreme cases, ‘dead zones’ may form. The IPCC argues reducing CO2 is the most effective and least risky method to tackle acidification ( ...
... CO2 uptake is increasing the ocean’s acidity, threatening shellfish by reducing their ability to form shells. Warming can also cause oxygen levels to fall and, in extreme cases, ‘dead zones’ may form. The IPCC argues reducing CO2 is the most effective and least risky method to tackle acidification ( ...
Japanese Perceptions of Climate Change and their Behavioral
... flower timing of cherry blossoms. The fact that people in Hirosaki and Kakunodate had more awareness and worry regarding global warming might be attributed by the nearness to nature and environment that people had in their daily lives. Previous studies found that people identified global warming fro ...
... flower timing of cherry blossoms. The fact that people in Hirosaki and Kakunodate had more awareness and worry regarding global warming might be attributed by the nearness to nature and environment that people had in their daily lives. Previous studies found that people identified global warming fro ...
1 January 6, 2016 Subject to revision The George Washington
... o Charles, Colleen W., ed., 2009. Chapters 3 and 4 in “Thresholds of Climate Change in Ecosystems”: Synthesis and Assessment Project 4.2, Report by the U. S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Session 3, January 26: Estimating the possible economic damages ...
... o Charles, Colleen W., ed., 2009. Chapters 3 and 4 in “Thresholds of Climate Change in Ecosystems”: Synthesis and Assessment Project 4.2, Report by the U. S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research. Session 3, January 26: Estimating the possible economic damages ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.