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Civil War - Visit Hampton
Civil War - Visit Hampton

... and that such laborers were being used to build nearby Confederate fortifications, rejected his request. General Butler believed that since Virginia considered itself independent and was at war with the United States, he had no “constitutional obligation” to return the slaves. Butler added that his ...
How Lincoln Won the War with Metaphors
How Lincoln Won the War with Metaphors

... approved of his habit of telling stories-some of which were a good bit more earthy than this one. Some people considered it undignified for the president of the United States to carry on in such a fashion. But Lincoln had a reply for them, as related by Chauncey Depew, a prominent lawyer, railroad p ...
Lincoln and the Outbreak of War, 1861
Lincoln and the Outbreak of War, 1861

... of United States troops in the midst of their new nation seemed a threat to its autonomy and existence; while to the Union, the ...
The Negative Impact of Jefferson Davis` Lack of Grand Strategy
The Negative Impact of Jefferson Davis` Lack of Grand Strategy

... To solidify the argument of Davis’ inability to select effective leadership, Van Dorn, Johnston, and Beauregard’s efforts outside the instances of Pea Ridge and Shiloh will be analyzed. This will be done to determine if it was poor leadership that led to the loss of the Trans-Mississippi and Shiloh, ...
Raphael Semmes and the CSS Alabama Essay
Raphael Semmes and the CSS Alabama Essay

... traditional weapon of weaker nations against stronger ones, privateers had been well deployed by the United States in its two wars against Great Britain. But they operated in murky shadows as freelancers outside normal naval chains of command, capturing prizes and selling them for easy profits. “The ...
Country Goes to War Resources
Country Goes to War Resources

... In April of 1861, Virginia joined the Confederacy. After Virginia joined, what city became the Confederate Capital? ___Richmond______________________________ ...
1861: The Country Goes to War
1861: The Country Goes to War

... In April of 1861, Virginia joined the Confederacy. After Virginia joined, what city became the Confederate Capital? ___Richmond______________________________ ...
Battlefield Of Franklin Land Preservation Purchase
Battlefield Of Franklin Land Preservation Purchase

... he was “the wrong man for expressions of empathy on almost any subject.” Many, including myself, will disagree with this. Addressing the controversy surrounding demands for reparations for slaves’ descendants, Guelzo states that “reparations” were in fact paid by the gigantic cost of the Civil War i ...
The Ports of Halifax and Saint John and the American Civil War
The Ports of Halifax and Saint John and the American Civil War

... jou rn al, for example, described New Brunswick's chief po rt as little more than "a group of huts, many of them inhabited by rogues who have made a few pennies since the war broke out by lending their names to blockade runners." The US consul at Saint John regretted that smuggling was "by no means ...
A Necessary Abuse: The Causes and Effects of Lincoln`s
A Necessary Abuse: The Causes and Effects of Lincoln`s

... shore, Maryland!” and referring to the Union as “Northern scum”.4 On April 26, 1861, Maryland’s state legislature met in a special session to discuss secession, where it voted against the action while agreeing to keep closed northern railroads which could be used as supply lines by the Union.5 This ...
H-Diplo Roundtable, Vol. XI, No. 36 (2010)
H-Diplo Roundtable, Vol. XI, No. 36 (2010)

... generation onto a later one in the interest of cobbling together the disparate Thirteen Colonies under a so-called General Government. Some of the most ardent Federalists, like James Madison, later rued giving the central government as much power as they had, partly because of what the government mi ...
The Long-Run Effects of Losing the Civil War: Evidence from Border
The Long-Run Effects of Losing the Civil War: Evidence from Border

... economic costs were sustained by southern states. Social scientists have proposed a host of reasons why the South lagged behind the North by nearly any economic measure for a century after the conflict ended, beyond recovering from these losses. Scholars have highlighted low levels of human capital ...
American Civil War
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... expanding slavery beyond the states in which it already existed. The Republicans strongly advocated nationalism, and in their 1860 platform they denounced threats of disunion as avowals of treason. After a Republican victory, but before the new administration took office on March 4, 1861, seven cott ...
Blockade-Running in the Bahamas During the Civil War
Blockade-Running in the Bahamas During the Civil War

... All of this transformation of a sleepy little island city of eleven thousand people grew out of its geographical location for it was near enough to the Confederate coast to serve as a depot to receive Southern cotton and to supply Southern war needs. England tried to maintain neutrality during the W ...
Andersonville - Letter to Union Colonel William H. Noble
Andersonville - Letter to Union Colonel William H. Noble

... helped to produce the severe overcrowding, and the recipe for disaster was firmly in place. Not to be forgotten is the fact that the Union had its own miserable prison camps such as Elmira, New York where the death rate approached that of Andersonville even though the North was better equipped to ca ...
2015 Q1 IMB Piracy Report
2015 Q1 IMB Piracy Report

... Nigeria (Lagos): Pirates / robbers are often well armed, violent and have attacked, hijacked and robbed vessels / kidnapped crews along the coast, rivers, anchorages, ports and surrounding waters. Attacks reported up to about 170nm from coast. In many incidents, pirates hijacked the vessels for seve ...
Dethroning King Cotton: The Failed Diplomacy of the Confederacy
Dethroning King Cotton: The Failed Diplomacy of the Confederacy

... to burn over 2.5 million bales of cotton at the start of the war11, only three percent of the amount of cotton exported to England in 1860 was exported in 186212. The people of the Confederacy believed with great confidence that England and France would succumb to crippling cotton famines and interv ...
American Civil War - Yesterday`s Muse Books
American Civil War - Yesterday`s Muse Books

... 3. [Alabama] Oates, William C.; Krick, Robert K. (Introduction) The War Between the Union and the Confederacy and Its Lost Opportunities, with a History of the 15th Alabama Regiment and the Forty-Eight Battles in which it was Engaged Dayton: Press of Morningside Bookshop, 1985. Reprint of 1905 origi ...
the civil war comes to yazoo - 1862
the civil war comes to yazoo - 1862

... For Yazooans the War Between the States at first seemed far away. For its first full year, though scores ofYazoo boys had already enlisted and many were fighting in distant VIrginia, life at home went on quietly. And in those early, heady days of the conflict, most Yazooans expected things to remain ...
American History
American History

... Understand the Costs and consequences of the Civil War, the importance of the 13th Amendment, and the death of Lincoln Important Tip: ***It is IMPORTANT to read this unit as we will be covering TWO CHAPTERS at a VERY quick pace*** Questions for Understanding Section 16-1 (3)1. EXPLAIN the choice Lin ...
Surratt House - Parks and Recreation
Surratt House - Parks and Recreation

... Enjoy the holiday season as the country binds up its wounds after four, long years of civil war. Period decorations, the charm of antique dolls and toys, refreshments, and interaction with folks in period attire bring back the memories of the mid-19th century. Receive a holiday discount in the museu ...
to view a PDF of the full article.
to view a PDF of the full article.

... a distance.12 About eight minutes after the action began, a shell entered Hatteras above the water line forward and burst a quantity of stored turpentine, setting that part of the ship on fire. Soon after, another shell hit the forward part of the “walking beam” and knocked it out of alignment. The ...
2016-17 civil war research paper and presentation
2016-17 civil war research paper and presentation

... 5.  VICKSBURG,  CHATTANOOGA,  AND  GETTYSBURG:   a. Explain  the  significance  of  the  Battle  of  Vicksburg,  Port   Hudson  and  Tullahoma  based  on  the  Anaconda  Plan.   b. Why  could  the  summer  and  fall  of  1863  be  descr ...
Chapter 16-17 Study Guide
Chapter 16-17 Study Guide

... Understand the Costs and consequences of the Civil War, the importance of the 13th Amendment, and the death of Lincoln Important Tip: ***It is IMPORTANT to read this unit as we will be covering TWO CHAPTERS at a VERY quick pace*** Questions for Understanding Section 16-1 (3)1. EXPLAIN the choice Lin ...
Chapter 16-17 Honors Study Guide
Chapter 16-17 Honors Study Guide

... (3)16. What were Three Reasons Lee Invaded the North? A. B. C. (3)17. How were Lee’s Plans in the North Discovered, What was Significant About Antietam, and What were the Costs of the Battle? ) A. B. C. Chapter 17-1 (2)18. Explain why Lincoln did not free the slaves early on and why he finally freed ...
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Confederate privateer



The Confederate privateers were privately owned ships that were authorized by the government of the Confederate States of America to attack the shipping of the United States. Although the appeal was to profit by capturing merchant vessels and seizing their cargoes, the government was most interested in diverting the efforts of the Union Navy away from the blockade of Southern ports, and perhaps to encourage European intervention in the conflict.At the beginning of the American Civil War, the Confederate government sought to counter the United States Navy in part by appealing to private enterprise world-wide to engage in privateering against United States Shipping. [[]] Privateering was the practice of fitting ordinary private merchant vessels with modest armament, then sending them to sea to capture other merchant vessels in return for monetary reward. The captured vessels and cargo fell under customary prize rules at sea. Prizes would be taken to the jurisdiction of a competent court, which could be in the sponsoring country or theoretically in any neutral port. If the court found that the capture was legal, the ship and cargo would be forfeited and sold at a prize auction. The proceeds would be distributed among owners and crew according to a contractual arrangement. Privateers were also authorized to attack an enemy's navy warships and then apply to the sponsoring government for direct monetary reward, usually gold or gold specie (coins).In the early days of the war, enthusiasm for the Southern cause was high, and many ship owners responded to the appeal by applying for letters of marque. Not all of those who gained authorization actually went to sea, but the numbers of privateers were high enough to be a major concern for US Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles. Many ships of the Union Navy were diverted from blockade duty in efforts to capture privateers. Most of the privateers managed to remain free, but enough were caught that the owners and crew had to consider the risk seriously. The capture of the privateers Savannah and Jefferson Davis resulted in important court cases that did much to define the nature of the Civil War itself.Initial enthusiasm could not be sustained. Privateers found it difficult to deliver their captures to Confederate courts, and as a result the expected profits were never realized. By the end of the first year of the war, the risks far exceeded the benefits in the minds of most owners and crews. The practice continued only sporadically through the rest of the war as the Confederate government turned its efforts against Northern commerce over to commissioned Confederate Navy commerce raiders such as the CSS Alabama and CSS Florida.The Civil War was the last time a belligerent power seriously resorted to privateering. The practice had already been outlawed among European countries by the Declaration of Paris (1856). Following the Civil War, the United States agreed to abide by the Declaration of Paris. More important than any international agreements, however, is the fact that the increased cost and sophistication of naval weaponry effectively removed any reasonable prospects for profit for private enterprise naval warfare.
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