Mapping the return periods of extreme sea levels: Allowing for short
... The largest differences in the slopes of maxima to minima are found at the southern most stations where hurricanes are known to lead to extreme positive residuals. Other factors such as an increase in frictional effects associated with a decrease in water depth during large negative residual events ...
... The largest differences in the slopes of maxima to minima are found at the southern most stations where hurricanes are known to lead to extreme positive residuals. Other factors such as an increase in frictional effects associated with a decrease in water depth during large negative residual events ...
Ray tracing in geophysics
... 1. Source position and direction of propagation specified - find the position at which the ray returns to the surface (if at all) and the travel time; 2. Source position and direction specified - find the position within the model at which a given travel time is specified; 3. Start and end points sp ...
... 1. Source position and direction of propagation specified - find the position at which the ray returns to the surface (if at all) and the travel time; 2. Source position and direction specified - find the position within the model at which a given travel time is specified; 3. Start and end points sp ...
Zimbabwe Capacity Development Needs Assessment Report
... m3), Lesotho (1658 m3) and South Africa (700 m3) during the same period. However, this apparent large storage index does not translate to water security as many sectors are faced with water supply and availability challenges. Projections indicate that, for Zimbabwe, the level of per capita water ava ...
... m3), Lesotho (1658 m3) and South Africa (700 m3) during the same period. However, this apparent large storage index does not translate to water security as many sectors are faced with water supply and availability challenges. Projections indicate that, for Zimbabwe, the level of per capita water ava ...
COP15 side event
... • Favour adaptation strategies which will yield benefits (for other, less uncertain, policy concerns) regardless of whether or not climate impacts will occur. ...
... • Favour adaptation strategies which will yield benefits (for other, less uncertain, policy concerns) regardless of whether or not climate impacts will occur. ...
The impact of climate change and weather on transport - MOWE-IT
... Source: Transportation Research Board (2008). ...
... Source: Transportation Research Board (2008). ...
Climate and Land Degradation - Integrated Drought Management
... albedo of subtropical areas could reduce rainfall. ...
... albedo of subtropical areas could reduce rainfall. ...
Oceanic climate and circulation changes during the past four
... plot of residual DD14C (coral D14C minus model D14C) (Figure 3b) shows negative anomalies of 18% during these two time periods. Additionally, the coral D14C values varied on much shorter timescales than the tree ring D14C ...
... plot of residual DD14C (coral D14C minus model D14C) (Figure 3b) shows negative anomalies of 18% during these two time periods. Additionally, the coral D14C values varied on much shorter timescales than the tree ring D14C ...
Introduction. Pliocene climate, processes and problems
... that is based solely upon strengthening of the THC as it is difficult (i) to ascribe a thermohaline coupling argument to all ocean basins and (ii) to generate the correct reconstructed hemispheric temperature distribution (Crowley 1996; Valdes 2000). However, it is clear that such an argument is too ...
... that is based solely upon strengthening of the THC as it is difficult (i) to ascribe a thermohaline coupling argument to all ocean basins and (ii) to generate the correct reconstructed hemispheric temperature distribution (Crowley 1996; Valdes 2000). However, it is clear that such an argument is too ...
PDF
... as the development of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) plans and projects. Stakeholders hold necessary information that should be used in social and eco-system management, thus facilitating the exploitation of scientific knowledge with social relevance (De La Vega-Leinert et al., 2008). I ...
... as the development of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) plans and projects. Stakeholders hold necessary information that should be used in social and eco-system management, thus facilitating the exploitation of scientific knowledge with social relevance (De La Vega-Leinert et al., 2008). I ...
key issues relevant to capacity building for climate services
... metadata, including descriptions, learning objectives, completion time, and content level. This will make it easy for a working group to examine the relevant resources to narrow down those that could be of use, before more careful review of their contents. One of the distinct advan ...
... metadata, including descriptions, learning objectives, completion time, and content level. This will make it easy for a working group to examine the relevant resources to narrow down those that could be of use, before more careful review of their contents. One of the distinct advan ...
Climate and Land Degradation - The World AgroMeteorological
... albedo of subtropical areas could reduce rainfall. ...
... albedo of subtropical areas could reduce rainfall. ...
14 Historic and Likely Future Impacts of Climate Change on Lake
... Answering these questions is a daunting task, since the General Circulation Models (GCMs) used in global change research typically produce output at a 2.5◦ grid scale, too coarse to resolve the topographic complexity that drives climate in mountainous regions. Furthermore, to address extreme hydrolo ...
... Answering these questions is a daunting task, since the General Circulation Models (GCMs) used in global change research typically produce output at a 2.5◦ grid scale, too coarse to resolve the topographic complexity that drives climate in mountainous regions. Furthermore, to address extreme hydrolo ...
Climate Change Impacts in Hawai`i - Hawaii Sea Grant
... The temperature of our atmosphere is largely regulated by greenhouse gases, which absorb heat, or infrared radiation, emitted from Earth’s surface. This process effectively traps heat in the atmosphere that would otherwise escape into space (Figure 1). These gases occur naturally in Earth’s atmosphe ...
... The temperature of our atmosphere is largely regulated by greenhouse gases, which absorb heat, or infrared radiation, emitted from Earth’s surface. This process effectively traps heat in the atmosphere that would otherwise escape into space (Figure 1). These gases occur naturally in Earth’s atmosphe ...
Strategy for Fisheries, Aquaculture and Clilmate Change
... be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not ...
... be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not ...
a weather generator based on analogues of atmospheric circulation
... of the weather generator. Their realism is tested on meteorological observations. Their use is mainly to simulate long series at local spatial scales that are not accessible to general circulation models (GCMs) or even regional climate models (RCMs). Empirical probability distributions of relevant c ...
... of the weather generator. Their realism is tested on meteorological observations. Their use is mainly to simulate long series at local spatial scales that are not accessible to general circulation models (GCMs) or even regional climate models (RCMs). Empirical probability distributions of relevant c ...
View/Open
... increase significantly in the coming decades (Delgado et al., 1999) because of income shifts, population growth, urbanization and changes in dietary preferences. While the increased demand will probably be met mostly by increases in chicken and pig production, ruminant populations are also likely to ...
... increase significantly in the coming decades (Delgado et al., 1999) because of income shifts, population growth, urbanization and changes in dietary preferences. While the increased demand will probably be met mostly by increases in chicken and pig production, ruminant populations are also likely to ...
Using the IPCC`s Assessment Report data and climate change
... • Increase in heavy precipitation events (regional inequalities) • Likely more land regions where number of heavy precipitation events has increased than those where it has decreased. ...
... • Increase in heavy precipitation events (regional inequalities) • Likely more land regions where number of heavy precipitation events has increased than those where it has decreased. ...
http://www.fao.org/3/a-am434e.pdf
... be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not ...
... be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not ...
Print - Science Advances
... that include average temperature range, precipitation anomalies, cloud cover, and humidity [with cloud cover and humidity data drawn from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis 2 project (28)]. We included these other meteorological variables because their exclusion migh ...
... that include average temperature range, precipitation anomalies, cloud cover, and humidity [with cloud cover and humidity data drawn from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis 2 project (28)]. We included these other meteorological variables because their exclusion migh ...
A Framework for Assessing the Vulnerability of Communities in the
... among the greatest anywhere on earth because of amplification by positive feedbacks in the climate system (Holland and Bitz, 2003). Models indicate that land areas in the Arctic will experience significant warming. Kattsov (2004) calculates a mean warming over the Arctic region by the end of the 21s ...
... among the greatest anywhere on earth because of amplification by positive feedbacks in the climate system (Holland and Bitz, 2003). Models indicate that land areas in the Arctic will experience significant warming. Kattsov (2004) calculates a mean warming over the Arctic region by the end of the 21s ...
Simulating Future Wheat Yields` Response to Climate Change and
... types of adaptation measures; technical, managerial and infrastructural. These measures can either be adopted by the farmers themselves (managerial and some technical measures) or be implemented at a national or regional scale through policies, large investments and research (infrastructural measure ...
... types of adaptation measures; technical, managerial and infrastructural. These measures can either be adopted by the farmers themselves (managerial and some technical measures) or be implemented at a national or regional scale through policies, large investments and research (infrastructural measure ...
The Paris Agreement: A New Beginning
... 1.5°C’ (Art. 2.1.(a)). This goes beyond what had been agreed in Copenhagen and confirmed in Cancún, namely to recognize ‘the scientific view that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees Celsius’ (2/cp.15, para 1; 1/cp.16, para 4). While Parties could not agree on a specific date ...
... 1.5°C’ (Art. 2.1.(a)). This goes beyond what had been agreed in Copenhagen and confirmed in Cancún, namely to recognize ‘the scientific view that the increase in global temperature should be below 2 degrees Celsius’ (2/cp.15, para 1; 1/cp.16, para 4). While Parties could not agree on a specific date ...
Resolving the effect of climate change on fish - Climate
... respectively (Hulme et al., 2002). Changes in the strength and prevailing direction of wind over European marine areas remain uncertain, although the expectation is that there will be an increase in average and extreme windspeeds over northern Europe (Hulme et al., 2002). Precipitation and river run ...
... respectively (Hulme et al., 2002). Changes in the strength and prevailing direction of wind over European marine areas remain uncertain, although the expectation is that there will be an increase in average and extreme windspeeds over northern Europe (Hulme et al., 2002). Precipitation and river run ...
19. Global change
... the ozone layer with time and latitude to provide background for reviewing information on thinning of the ozone layer that follows. In both sections we also discuss how a manufactured gas (CFCs) was responsible for destruction of the ozone layer and why ozone depletion was concentrated over Antarcti ...
... the ozone layer with time and latitude to provide background for reviewing information on thinning of the ozone layer that follows. In both sections we also discuss how a manufactured gas (CFCs) was responsible for destruction of the ozone layer and why ozone depletion was concentrated over Antarcti ...
Climate Change Briefing: Questions for Directors to Ask
... Implications for Directors’ Oversight As a mainstream business issue, climate change presents important opportunities and challenges for companies and requires ongoing attention by directors in their oversight of risk, strategy, resource allocation, financial performance and reporting. In carrying o ...
... Implications for Directors’ Oversight As a mainstream business issue, climate change presents important opportunities and challenges for companies and requires ongoing attention by directors in their oversight of risk, strategy, resource allocation, financial performance and reporting. In carrying o ...