executive_summary
... The Skagit River delta has evolved over time due to both human and natural processes. Human activities such as construction of dikes and levees have influenced the formation of distributaries (dominant flow paths) that deliver most of the sediments and river flow to the delta, isolating numerous lar ...
... The Skagit River delta has evolved over time due to both human and natural processes. Human activities such as construction of dikes and levees have influenced the formation of distributaries (dominant flow paths) that deliver most of the sediments and river flow to the delta, isolating numerous lar ...
"Evolving Comparative Advantage and the Impact of Climate Change in Agricultural Markets: Evidence from a 9 Million-Field Partition of the Earth"
... the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) Global Agro-Ecological Zones (GAEZ) dataset. This dataset uses agronomic models and high resolution data on geographic characteristics such as soil, topography, elevation and, crucially, climatic conditions to predict the yield that would be obtainable—c ...
... the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) Global Agro-Ecological Zones (GAEZ) dataset. This dataset uses agronomic models and high resolution data on geographic characteristics such as soil, topography, elevation and, crucially, climatic conditions to predict the yield that would be obtainable—c ...
Introduction to atmospheric aerosols
... High up in the atmosphere is a layer called the stratosphere. Part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs ultraviolet B wavelengths. UVB is known to cause skin cancer; therefore a healthy ozone layer is very important to human health. Many synthetic products once contained chlorine co ...
... High up in the atmosphere is a layer called the stratosphere. Part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs ultraviolet B wavelengths. UVB is known to cause skin cancer; therefore a healthy ozone layer is very important to human health. Many synthetic products once contained chlorine co ...
Adapting to drought in the Sahel: Lessons for
... long-term trend itself. This is because seasonal rainfall has a direct impact on the means of subsistence for a majority of the population. Production decisions are made within this time frame. Strategies for managing a deficit are formulated with a view to the following harvest. At the community le ...
... long-term trend itself. This is because seasonal rainfall has a direct impact on the means of subsistence for a majority of the population. Production decisions are made within this time frame. Strategies for managing a deficit are formulated with a view to the following harvest. At the community le ...
Rapporteurs Report (RapporteurReport2012)
... projected to rise at 1.5 cm per year or maximum 1.4 m in 2100. This 1.4 m rise will have significant effect on coastal megacities and offshore platforms where estimated around 146 million people live within 1.0 m of sea level. The South China Sea (SCS) is a region not well monitored (no ARGO floats) ...
... projected to rise at 1.5 cm per year or maximum 1.4 m in 2100. This 1.4 m rise will have significant effect on coastal megacities and offshore platforms where estimated around 146 million people live within 1.0 m of sea level. The South China Sea (SCS) is a region not well monitored (no ARGO floats) ...
Toward a conceptual synthesis for climate change responses
... changing climate might alter population persistence. We organized established concepts into a two-stage framework that relates abiotic change to population persistence via changes in the rates or outcomes of ecological and evolutionary processes. We surveyed reviews of climate change responses, and ...
... changing climate might alter population persistence. We organized established concepts into a two-stage framework that relates abiotic change to population persistence via changes in the rates or outcomes of ecological and evolutionary processes. We surveyed reviews of climate change responses, and ...
Quantifying Carbon Cycle Feedbacks
... In Eq. (2) the terms all have the same form. Each is an independent radiative response of the climate system [although actually they are not entirely independent; e.g., see Randall et al. (2007) and Soden et al. (2008)]. Their net effect H tends to resist the imposed F, and they increase together wi ...
... In Eq. (2) the terms all have the same form. Each is an independent radiative response of the climate system [although actually they are not entirely independent; e.g., see Randall et al. (2007) and Soden et al. (2008)]. Their net effect H tends to resist the imposed F, and they increase together wi ...
Adaptation to Climate Change: Evidence from US Agriculture September 30, 2013
... an important input to climate policy discussions, but bear the obvious caveat that future adjustment capabilities are constrained to what farmers were capable of in the recent past. Nevertheless, because our projections are less dependent on large out-of-sample extrapolation, and because they accoun ...
... an important input to climate policy discussions, but bear the obvious caveat that future adjustment capabilities are constrained to what farmers were capable of in the recent past. Nevertheless, because our projections are less dependent on large out-of-sample extrapolation, and because they accoun ...
Climate Change and First Nations: Recommendations for Action
... that First Nations may take to adapt to climate changes in First Nations. As such, the primary focus of recommendations will be on adaptation responses. The recommendations offered below do not represent an exhaustive list of needs, but are meant catalyze discussions among First Nation and other gov ...
... that First Nations may take to adapt to climate changes in First Nations. As such, the primary focus of recommendations will be on adaptation responses. The recommendations offered below do not represent an exhaustive list of needs, but are meant catalyze discussions among First Nation and other gov ...
Document
... the industry but situational depending on location and local environment. Previous research (outlined above) would suggest that this construct, situational risk will ultimately influence their willingness to respond to the cognitive cues that they receive. This paper draws on a quantitative assessme ...
... the industry but situational depending on location and local environment. Previous research (outlined above) would suggest that this construct, situational risk will ultimately influence their willingness to respond to the cognitive cues that they receive. This paper draws on a quantitative assessme ...
From obscurity to action - Liu Institute for Global Issues
... The so-called “climategate” controversy did not erode in any way the central conclusions in the 2007 IPCC report, or the unanimity of support from scientists around the world. Indeed, in a critical development insofar as security is concerned, scientists are now concluding that the IPCC—even in the ...
... The so-called “climategate” controversy did not erode in any way the central conclusions in the 2007 IPCC report, or the unanimity of support from scientists around the world. Indeed, in a critical development insofar as security is concerned, scientists are now concluding that the IPCC—even in the ...
A Summary of Climate Change Risks for London
... greater absorption and storage of heat from the sun by the urban fabric during the day; surface water being drained away and therefore not available for evaporative cooling; and anthropogenic heat emissions, such as exhaust air from air-conditioning systems. The magnitude of the UHI effect is depend ...
... greater absorption and storage of heat from the sun by the urban fabric during the day; surface water being drained away and therefore not available for evaporative cooling; and anthropogenic heat emissions, such as exhaust air from air-conditioning systems. The magnitude of the UHI effect is depend ...
Three Key Elements of a Post-2012 International Climate Policy
... (Gregg, Andres, and Marland, 2008), and ChinaÕs emissions are expected to continue to grow much faster than U.S. emissions (Blanford, Richels, and Rutherford, 2010). Even if all of the Annex I countries, including the United States, were to reduce their CO2 emissions to zero by 2030, unless there ar ...
... (Gregg, Andres, and Marland, 2008), and ChinaÕs emissions are expected to continue to grow much faster than U.S. emissions (Blanford, Richels, and Rutherford, 2010). Even if all of the Annex I countries, including the United States, were to reduce their CO2 emissions to zero by 2030, unless there ar ...
Adaptation - Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
... will not survive. While models can project levels of drought, ...
... will not survive. While models can project levels of drought, ...
Governing climate change: the politics of risk society?
... undergoing a process of (unseen) ‘selfconfrontation’ (Figure 2). Risks are produced within modernity, but their distanciated, unpredictable and imperceptible nature means that the institutions of modernity can not ‘comprehend or legitimize’ them (Beck 1994, 10; 1996a, 32). The politics of risk socie ...
... undergoing a process of (unseen) ‘selfconfrontation’ (Figure 2). Risks are produced within modernity, but their distanciated, unpredictable and imperceptible nature means that the institutions of modernity can not ‘comprehend or legitimize’ them (Beck 1994, 10; 1996a, 32). The politics of risk socie ...
Climate impacts of ozone-depleting substances and their
... Increased HCFC consumption developing countries Atmospheric observations of HCFCs and HFCs Observed replacements patterns: HCFCs to HFCs IPCC-SRES: growth rates GDP and population Provisions Montreal Protocol Increases in HFC-134a use in mobile AC Saturation of HFC consumption ...
... Increased HCFC consumption developing countries Atmospheric observations of HCFCs and HFCs Observed replacements patterns: HCFCs to HFCs IPCC-SRES: growth rates GDP and population Provisions Montreal Protocol Increases in HFC-134a use in mobile AC Saturation of HFC consumption ...
Tropical reforestation and climate change
... climate-adaptation services will be influenced by the type of reforestation and associated level of biodiversity as well as by forest age, although these relationships are in need of further study. For example, non-timber forest products are scarce in industrial monoculture plantations but can be ab ...
... climate-adaptation services will be influenced by the type of reforestation and associated level of biodiversity as well as by forest age, although these relationships are in need of further study. For example, non-timber forest products are scarce in industrial monoculture plantations but can be ab ...
22nd conference of parties to the united nations
... 1. High-level contributions to the process: IOM Director General, Ambassador William Lacy Swing, is committed to supporting the negotiation process through his attendance to high-level events. 2. One UN Action: IOM takes an active part in the UN High-level Committee for Programmes Working Group on ...
... 1. High-level contributions to the process: IOM Director General, Ambassador William Lacy Swing, is committed to supporting the negotiation process through his attendance to high-level events. 2. One UN Action: IOM takes an active part in the UN High-level Committee for Programmes Working Group on ...
Climate Models: An Assessment of Strengths and Limitations
... evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, with very few recent models below 2°. Difficulties in simulating Earth’s clouds and their response to climate change are the fundamental reasons preventing a reduction in this range in model-generated climate sensitivity. Othe ...
... evolved very slowly. The lower limit has been nearly unchanged over time, with very few recent models below 2°. Difficulties in simulating Earth’s clouds and their response to climate change are the fundamental reasons preventing a reduction in this range in model-generated climate sensitivity. Othe ...
LCARL362_en.pdf
... potential impact climate change on investment, household consumption, government saving, exports and imports can be evaluated. Specifically, the authors adopt the 1-2-3 CGE model of Devarajan and others (1997) to simulate the expected changes in real output and commodity prices on the macroeconomy. ...
... potential impact climate change on investment, household consumption, government saving, exports and imports can be evaluated. Specifically, the authors adopt the 1-2-3 CGE model of Devarajan and others (1997) to simulate the expected changes in real output and commodity prices on the macroeconomy. ...
Public views on climate change: European and USA Perspectives
... in this same study (i.e. BSE, genetically-modified food, crime, nuclear power, smoking and radiation from mobile phones), climate change bears more connotations of worry and concern. Zwick (2002) found it difficult to explain this discrepancy, given the paucity of media coverage of the issue precedi ...
... in this same study (i.e. BSE, genetically-modified food, crime, nuclear power, smoking and radiation from mobile phones), climate change bears more connotations of worry and concern. Zwick (2002) found it difficult to explain this discrepancy, given the paucity of media coverage of the issue precedi ...
A Geographic Mosaic of Climate Change Impacts on Terrestrial
... Much of this uncertainty reflects socio-economic uncertainty regarding trajectories of population growth, land use change, and especially the rate and total amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere [1]. In addition, global climate models vary in their sensitivity to greenhouse gases and ...
... Much of this uncertainty reflects socio-economic uncertainty regarding trajectories of population growth, land use change, and especially the rate and total amount of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere [1]. In addition, global climate models vary in their sensitivity to greenhouse gases and ...
Commentary of Adaptation Cost-Curves
... investments should be prioritised and how policies should be designed to incentivise appropriate individual (autonomous) adaptation. The cost-curves presented provide one input to this decision making, but they contain only a small set of the information needed by a decision maker interested in mana ...
... investments should be prioritised and how policies should be designed to incentivise appropriate individual (autonomous) adaptation. The cost-curves presented provide one input to this decision making, but they contain only a small set of the information needed by a decision maker interested in mana ...
151725 Public Policy Text - A Convention For Persons Displaced By
... terms of human movement: sea level rise; increasing severe weather events; and drought and desertification (Docherty and Giannini 2009: 355). The IPCC has highlighted small island states, the continent of Africa, mega-deltas (particularly those in Asia) and the polar regions as areas most exposed to ...
... terms of human movement: sea level rise; increasing severe weather events; and drought and desertification (Docherty and Giannini 2009: 355). The IPCC has highlighted small island states, the continent of Africa, mega-deltas (particularly those in Asia) and the polar regions as areas most exposed to ...
Dynamic model for the disinfection process
... and at the effluent, and recorded approximately for 8 hours • The flow rate of the wastewater was obtained online, and recorded during the investigation • To fit the simulation results to the experimental data, various trial values of kDisinfection were used in the simulation model changing from 0.0 ...
... and at the effluent, and recorded approximately for 8 hours • The flow rate of the wastewater was obtained online, and recorded during the investigation • To fit the simulation results to the experimental data, various trial values of kDisinfection were used in the simulation model changing from 0.0 ...