Luczak, 2015 - University of Lethbridge
... Specifically, spike-time coding may be used primarily by early firing neurons, whereas firing‑rate coding may be used predominantly by late-firing neurons (FIG. 2b). In support of this idea, studies in multiple cortical regions suggest that, for many neurons, the timing of the first spike is much mo ...
... Specifically, spike-time coding may be used primarily by early firing neurons, whereas firing‑rate coding may be used predominantly by late-firing neurons (FIG. 2b). In support of this idea, studies in multiple cortical regions suggest that, for many neurons, the timing of the first spike is much mo ...
Intention, Action Planning, and Decision Making in Parietal
... PPC, such as area 5. In the final section, we will show examples of ‘‘proof of concept’’ in which the action-related activity in the PPC and PMd cortex can be decoded and used to provide control signals for neural prosthetic applications. Movement Planning An important property of the cerebral corte ...
... PPC, such as area 5. In the final section, we will show examples of ‘‘proof of concept’’ in which the action-related activity in the PPC and PMd cortex can be decoded and used to provide control signals for neural prosthetic applications. Movement Planning An important property of the cerebral corte ...
Some Analogies Between Visual Cortical and Genetic Maps
... are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X chromosome and have a 96% sequence homology.32 Many individuals have up to three slightly different versions of the gene for the green receptor pro ...
... are replicas of an ancient gene for a receptor protein. 31 The genes for the red and green receptor proteins are located adjacent to each other on the X chromosome and have a 96% sequence homology.32 Many individuals have up to three slightly different versions of the gene for the green receptor pro ...
A Symmetric Approach Elucidates Multisensory Information Integration
... Traditional research on the basic science of sensation asks what types of information the brain receives from the external world. To elucidate the classical view, as an example we will go through the visual system, the best known and the most relevant among sensory systems in Primates. The retinal r ...
... Traditional research on the basic science of sensation asks what types of information the brain receives from the external world. To elucidate the classical view, as an example we will go through the visual system, the best known and the most relevant among sensory systems in Primates. The retinal r ...
Full version (PDF file)
... and primates. The density of CR+ neurons decreases with increasing depth in neocortex and therefore they are quite rare in infragranular layers, when compared to the supragranular ones. The CR+ neurons most commonly possess bipolar or bitufted (two tufts of dendrites originating from the opposite ce ...
... and primates. The density of CR+ neurons decreases with increasing depth in neocortex and therefore they are quite rare in infragranular layers, when compared to the supragranular ones. The CR+ neurons most commonly possess bipolar or bitufted (two tufts of dendrites originating from the opposite ce ...
Mechanisms of Visual Attention in the Human Cortex
... feature properties, such as line orientation or color of the stimulus (Treisman & Gelade 1980, Treisman & Gormican 1988), perceptual grouping of stimulus features by Gestalt principles (Prinzmetal 1981, Duncan 1984, Driver & Baylis 1989, Lavie & Driver 1996), and the dissimilarity between the stimul ...
... feature properties, such as line orientation or color of the stimulus (Treisman & Gelade 1980, Treisman & Gormican 1988), perceptual grouping of stimulus features by Gestalt principles (Prinzmetal 1981, Duncan 1984, Driver & Baylis 1989, Lavie & Driver 1996), and the dissimilarity between the stimul ...
Searle on Emergence
... either from the sheer structure of neurons or from their mutual causal relations. I think that in speaking of an additional account of causal relations, Searle means not only mutual interactions between individual neurons but also those causal relations which occur only at the macrolevel and need no ...
... either from the sheer structure of neurons or from their mutual causal relations. I think that in speaking of an additional account of causal relations, Searle means not only mutual interactions between individual neurons but also those causal relations which occur only at the macrolevel and need no ...
Optic Glomeruli and Their Inputs inDrosophilaShare an
... Animal preparation. Our animal setup (Fig. with converging axons to its corresponding Col A glomerulus. This lies ventral and medial to a glomerulus receiving terminals of neurons 2) is adapted from that reported by Wilson and with dendrites in both the lobula plate and the lobula (LPL neurons), bel ...
... Animal preparation. Our animal setup (Fig. with converging axons to its corresponding Col A glomerulus. This lies ventral and medial to a glomerulus receiving terminals of neurons 2) is adapted from that reported by Wilson and with dendrites in both the lobula plate and the lobula (LPL neurons), bel ...
A COMMON REFERENCE FRAME FOR MOVEMENT PLANS IN
... effectors. The posterior parietal cortex has an important role in these transformations. Recent work indicates that a significant proportion of parietal neurons in two cortical areas transforms the sensory signals that are used to guide movements into a common reference frame. This common reference ...
... effectors. The posterior parietal cortex has an important role in these transformations. Recent work indicates that a significant proportion of parietal neurons in two cortical areas transforms the sensory signals that are used to guide movements into a common reference frame. This common reference ...
Chapter 15 Perceptual Development
... The habituation method would be a good way to study the infant's ability to discriminate between stimuli. For example, if a researcher is interested in how different to colors need to be discriminated by an infant, the researcher can present one color and then for the novel color present colors that ...
... The habituation method would be a good way to study the infant's ability to discriminate between stimuli. For example, if a researcher is interested in how different to colors need to be discriminated by an infant, the researcher can present one color and then for the novel color present colors that ...
invariant face and object recognition in the visual system
... been obtained that the information available about which visual stimulus (which of 20 equiprobable faces) had been shown increases linearly with the number of neurons in the sample (Rolls et al., 1996a; Abbott et al., 1996). Because information is a logarithmic measure, this indicates that the numbe ...
... been obtained that the information available about which visual stimulus (which of 20 equiprobable faces) had been shown increases linearly with the number of neurons in the sample (Rolls et al., 1996a; Abbott et al., 1996). Because information is a logarithmic measure, this indicates that the numbe ...
The Nervous System Introduction Organization of Neural Tissue
... Cerebral Motor Activity • Primary motor cortex – Most of the neurons here control muscles with the most precise motor control – the face, tongue, and hands – Individual neurons must work together to coordinate movement – Neurons that control related movements intermingle ...
... Cerebral Motor Activity • Primary motor cortex – Most of the neurons here control muscles with the most precise motor control – the face, tongue, and hands – Individual neurons must work together to coordinate movement – Neurons that control related movements intermingle ...
Analysis of Firing Correlations Between Sympathetic Premotor
... Currently there is little information regarding the nature of the driving inputs to sympathetic premotor neurons. We reasoned that there were two main possibilities. First the sympathetic premotor neurons may themselves form part of the generator network, in which case the premotor neurons must dire ...
... Currently there is little information regarding the nature of the driving inputs to sympathetic premotor neurons. We reasoned that there were two main possibilities. First the sympathetic premotor neurons may themselves form part of the generator network, in which case the premotor neurons must dire ...
Adaptive neural coding: from biological to behavioral decision
... A critical question then is how neural circuits implement the relative information coding evident in contextual modulation. At the neural level, spatial and temporal context effects are evident as a form of gain control, modifying the input–output function that relates value information to firing ra ...
... A critical question then is how neural circuits implement the relative information coding evident in contextual modulation. At the neural level, spatial and temporal context effects are evident as a form of gain control, modifying the input–output function that relates value information to firing ra ...
Understanding Structural-Functional Relationships in the Human
... generating association matrices, including all pairwise associations between nodes. Then, the SC-FC relationship can be explored through different aspects, which includes quantitative predictions or relations of SC and FC between nodes, connectivity patterns in specific systems (e.g., default-mode n ...
... generating association matrices, including all pairwise associations between nodes. Then, the SC-FC relationship can be explored through different aspects, which includes quantitative predictions or relations of SC and FC between nodes, connectivity patterns in specific systems (e.g., default-mode n ...
Variance and invariance of neuronal long
... approximately 15% per day in primary somatosensory cortex [10] (but see [6,11,12] for potential pitfalls of these quantifications). How, then, is the brain able to maintain stable computational capabilities, stable representations of external and internal features and stable behavioural performance ...
... approximately 15% per day in primary somatosensory cortex [10] (but see [6,11,12] for potential pitfalls of these quantifications). How, then, is the brain able to maintain stable computational capabilities, stable representations of external and internal features and stable behavioural performance ...
Information processing in a neuron ensemble with the multiplicative
... Provided the above multiplicative form as the first approximation, reports in the literature indicate some more details, particularly in relation to the term kij : One study (Zohary et al., 1994) suggested that the correlation between neurons, whose preferred stimuli are similar, is significantly hi ...
... Provided the above multiplicative form as the first approximation, reports in the literature indicate some more details, particularly in relation to the term kij : One study (Zohary et al., 1994) suggested that the correlation between neurons, whose preferred stimuli are similar, is significantly hi ...
18 Coordination in Behavior and Cognition
... must order themselves in new or different ways to accommodate current conditions. The patterns that emerge may be dened as attractor states of the collective variable dynamics; that is, the collective variable may converge in time to a certain limit set or attractor solution. Mathematically, system ...
... must order themselves in new or different ways to accommodate current conditions. The patterns that emerge may be dened as attractor states of the collective variable dynamics; that is, the collective variable may converge in time to a certain limit set or attractor solution. Mathematically, system ...
Dynamic Inertia Weight Binary Bat Algorithm with
... illustrated to be effective in enhancing the fine tuning performance of the PSO. Inspired by the idea of decreasing the inertia weight over time step, a nonlinear decreasing inertia weight strategy was proposed [16]. Gao et al. [17] presented a novel PSO variant which combined chaos mutation operato ...
... illustrated to be effective in enhancing the fine tuning performance of the PSO. Inspired by the idea of decreasing the inertia weight over time step, a nonlinear decreasing inertia weight strategy was proposed [16]. Gao et al. [17] presented a novel PSO variant which combined chaos mutation operato ...
fMR-adaptation reveals separate processing regions for the
... participants attended to the surface properties of the same objects, activation was present in more medial and anterior regions in the collateral sulcus (CoS) and the inferior occipital gyrus (IOG). We went on to demonstrate that attending explicitly to texture activated regions in the IOG and the C ...
... participants attended to the surface properties of the same objects, activation was present in more medial and anterior regions in the collateral sulcus (CoS) and the inferior occipital gyrus (IOG). We went on to demonstrate that attending explicitly to texture activated regions in the IOG and the C ...
Contributions of cortical feedback to sensory processing in primary
... The era of Mountcastle, Hubel and Wiesel had “profound physiological implications” for the study of cortical processing (see Kandel, 2014). Hubel and Wiesel (1959) characterized the response properties of visual cortical neurons in columns: V1 neurons respond to their selective stimulus (e.g., a lin ...
... The era of Mountcastle, Hubel and Wiesel had “profound physiological implications” for the study of cortical processing (see Kandel, 2014). Hubel and Wiesel (1959) characterized the response properties of visual cortical neurons in columns: V1 neurons respond to their selective stimulus (e.g., a lin ...
Human Neural Systems for Face Recognition and Social
... been found even in nonmammalian species, such as snakes and chickens, as well as in mammals. Shared attention, on the other hand, appears to be more exclusively found in higher primates and may have evolved to facilitate interactions in complex social groups. The superior bank of the superior tempor ...
... been found even in nonmammalian species, such as snakes and chickens, as well as in mammals. Shared attention, on the other hand, appears to be more exclusively found in higher primates and may have evolved to facilitate interactions in complex social groups. The superior bank of the superior tempor ...
A Brain Adaptation View of Plasticity: Is Synaptic Plasticity An Overly
... wild animals have for years confirmed that feral animal brains are larger than those of domestically reared animals (old german and other literature). Nevertheless, studying different degrees of environmental complexity can provide information about brain responses that are likely to generalize to h ...
... wild animals have for years confirmed that feral animal brains are larger than those of domestically reared animals (old german and other literature). Nevertheless, studying different degrees of environmental complexity can provide information about brain responses that are likely to generalize to h ...