The morphology and growth of the vegetative and reproductive
... cells of each file meristem row are of this appearance and then vacuolation promotes cell extension, mainly in the lateral direction. Little vertical extension occurs. The collection of the fist few dense flattened cells of the file meristem has been referred to as a ‘cambium-like’ zone. A character ...
... cells of each file meristem row are of this appearance and then vacuolation promotes cell extension, mainly in the lateral direction. Little vertical extension occurs. The collection of the fist few dense flattened cells of the file meristem has been referred to as a ‘cambium-like’ zone. A character ...
tissue culture as a method for vegetative
... Research in propagation and breeding has made tree breeders more aware of their inability to propagate many common tree species vegetatively. At the same time, failure to produce a number of desirable interspecific and intergeneric crosses due to inadequate development of ovules or ovaries has raise ...
... Research in propagation and breeding has made tree breeders more aware of their inability to propagate many common tree species vegetatively. At the same time, failure to produce a number of desirable interspecific and intergeneric crosses due to inadequate development of ovules or ovaries has raise ...
Powerpoint Seven - Kaskaskia College
... Flowers = type of organ (many tissues and parts working for one function Parts: Floral shoot (at tip of shoot) Receptacle = region of shoot where parts are attached Sepals = base leaves, outermost, still green Calyx = collective term for all sepals Petals = next layer of leaves, colored, highly modi ...
... Flowers = type of organ (many tissues and parts working for one function Parts: Floral shoot (at tip of shoot) Receptacle = region of shoot where parts are attached Sepals = base leaves, outermost, still green Calyx = collective term for all sepals Petals = next layer of leaves, colored, highly modi ...
Occurence of Aster amellus L. in Penza region is noted both for the
... Columnar mesophyll cells are adjacent to the upper epidermis in a single layer, tightly folded; its length is greater than the diameter. The lower epidermis of the leaf is adjacent to spongy mesophyll containing a significant amount of intercellular spaces (3-4 layers). Vascular tissue is represente ...
... Columnar mesophyll cells are adjacent to the upper epidermis in a single layer, tightly folded; its length is greater than the diameter. The lower epidermis of the leaf is adjacent to spongy mesophyll containing a significant amount of intercellular spaces (3-4 layers). Vascular tissue is represente ...
Plant Structure and function
... his assessment guide contains all necessary activities and instructions that will enable the assessor and learner to gather evidence of the learner’s competence as required by the unit standard. This guide was designed to be used by a trained and accredited assessor whom is registered to assess this ...
... his assessment guide contains all necessary activities and instructions that will enable the assessor and learner to gather evidence of the learner’s competence as required by the unit standard. This guide was designed to be used by a trained and accredited assessor whom is registered to assess this ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN: 2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676.
... Orchid mycorrhiza is the well known symbiotic relationship between orchid roots and a variety of fungi belonging to Fungi Imperfecti like Rhizoctonia and Basidiomycetes like Tulasnella, Sebacina, Ceratobasidium and Thanetophorus [ 1 ].Orchid seeds are very minute , dust like and need symbiotic assoc ...
... Orchid mycorrhiza is the well known symbiotic relationship between orchid roots and a variety of fungi belonging to Fungi Imperfecti like Rhizoctonia and Basidiomycetes like Tulasnella, Sebacina, Ceratobasidium and Thanetophorus [ 1 ].Orchid seeds are very minute , dust like and need symbiotic assoc ...
Chrysanthemums
... High light intensity Short days for flowers Long days for vegetative growth Night interuption is used to create long days 10 fc of light from 10pm-2am Short days can be created by pulling a black cloth from 5pm-8am ...
... High light intensity Short days for flowers Long days for vegetative growth Night interuption is used to create long days 10 fc of light from 10pm-2am Short days can be created by pulling a black cloth from 5pm-8am ...
1. The plant cell
... • vacuolar products of the cytoplasm • definite shape and size • solid: e.g. aleurone grains, crystals • liquid: oils, essential oils Significance: • storage of reserve substances • by- or end-products of metabolic processes Chemical character: • proteins, carbohydrates,oils and fats, essential oils ...
... • vacuolar products of the cytoplasm • definite shape and size • solid: e.g. aleurone grains, crystals • liquid: oils, essential oils Significance: • storage of reserve substances • by- or end-products of metabolic processes Chemical character: • proteins, carbohydrates,oils and fats, essential oils ...
bio 3 general botany lecture manual
... Introduction and Evolution of the Angiosperms Chapters 19, 20 Seed Plants: The Angiosperms and Fruits Topics 18, 19 ...
... Introduction and Evolution of the Angiosperms Chapters 19, 20 Seed Plants: The Angiosperms and Fruits Topics 18, 19 ...
Article Transcriptomic Evidence for the Evolution
... molecular genetic networks that describe a functional SAM in both the gametophytic ACs of model bryophytes and the sporophytic multicellular SAM of a model vascular plant? 3) What unique developmental genetic pathways evolved separately in ancient gametophyte-dominant lineages and in a recent sporop ...
... molecular genetic networks that describe a functional SAM in both the gametophytic ACs of model bryophytes and the sporophytic multicellular SAM of a model vascular plant? 3) What unique developmental genetic pathways evolved separately in ancient gametophyte-dominant lineages and in a recent sporop ...
Powerpoint - Colorado FFA
... material is limited Select single node Cut ½” above & below the node Apply rooting hormone ...
... material is limited Select single node Cut ½” above & below the node Apply rooting hormone ...
BIL 226, General Botany – Krempels Study Guide for Exam I
... Know the ploidy of the various parts of the angiosperm seed: seed coat, endosperm, embryo, etc. Review different modes of seed dispersal. Understand the concept of after-ripening, and what environmental factors can be involved in this process. Know the difference between epigeous and hypogeous growt ...
... Know the ploidy of the various parts of the angiosperm seed: seed coat, endosperm, embryo, etc. Review different modes of seed dispersal. Understand the concept of after-ripening, and what environmental factors can be involved in this process. Know the difference between epigeous and hypogeous growt ...
BIO 3 GENERAL BOTANY LECTURE MANUAL Section 1021, Fall 2014
... FINAL LECTURE EXAMINATION (3:00-6:00 PM) HERBARIA DUE ...
... FINAL LECTURE EXAMINATION (3:00-6:00 PM) HERBARIA DUE ...
Gibberellin on Flower Crops
... visible on the nontreated plants in September whereas the treated plants remained vegetative. Furthermore, where only one stem-on a plant which had several stems-was treated, the reaction to the gibberellin for both elongation and flowering was limited to the treated stem. Column stocks-Matthiola in ...
... visible on the nontreated plants in September whereas the treated plants remained vegetative. Furthermore, where only one stem-on a plant which had several stems-was treated, the reaction to the gibberellin for both elongation and flowering was limited to the treated stem. Column stocks-Matthiola in ...
Stems
... cambium layer on the outside which replaces the epidermis. • The outer region develops into the bark which protects the outside of the woody dicot. • Secondary Xylem is known as heartwood, while secondary phloem is known as sapwood. ...
... cambium layer on the outside which replaces the epidermis. • The outer region develops into the bark which protects the outside of the woody dicot. • Secondary Xylem is known as heartwood, while secondary phloem is known as sapwood. ...
04 Soybean Growth and Development_0
... Stress and crop yield loss • At each growth stage of soybean, certain aspects of management must be considered. • Various problems are associated with each stage and can interfere with growth at that stage. • Problems include adverse soil conditions, weeds, insects, diseases, and other disorders. • ...
... Stress and crop yield loss • At each growth stage of soybean, certain aspects of management must be considered. • Various problems are associated with each stage and can interfere with growth at that stage. • Problems include adverse soil conditions, weeds, insects, diseases, and other disorders. • ...
04 Soybean Growth and Development
... Stress and crop yield loss • At each growth stage of soybean, certain aspects of management must be considered. • Various problems are associated with each stage and can interfere with growth at that stage. • Problems include adverse soil conditions, weeds, insects, diseases, and other disorders. • ...
... Stress and crop yield loss • At each growth stage of soybean, certain aspects of management must be considered. • Various problems are associated with each stage and can interfere with growth at that stage. • Problems include adverse soil conditions, weeds, insects, diseases, and other disorders. • ...
TEXT Bryophyta is a group of the simplest and primitive plants of
... branched (mosses). Rhizoids are analogous to the roots of higher plants. 7. The plant body is composed of parenchymatous cells and lacks differentiated xylem and phloem characteristic of true vascular plants. 8. The plan body of bryophytes is devoid of filaments as seen in many algae, but rather of ...
... branched (mosses). Rhizoids are analogous to the roots of higher plants. 7. The plant body is composed of parenchymatous cells and lacks differentiated xylem and phloem characteristic of true vascular plants. 8. The plan body of bryophytes is devoid of filaments as seen in many algae, but rather of ...
Keeping Everyone Safe in the Ag Lab
... primary root: the single main root secondary roots: small roots that branch off the main root root hairs: many tiny roots that increase the surface area of the root for absorption root cap: protects the growing tip of roots www.OneLessThing.net ...
... primary root: the single main root secondary roots: small roots that branch off the main root root hairs: many tiny roots that increase the surface area of the root for absorption root cap: protects the growing tip of roots www.OneLessThing.net ...
test plants and animal
... b. guard cells d. vascular tissue ____ 29. Which structure transports water? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 30. Which structure surrounds the stomata? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 31. Which structure allows carbon dioxide to enter? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 32. Which structure allows water and oxygen to exit t ...
... b. guard cells d. vascular tissue ____ 29. Which structure transports water? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 30. Which structure surrounds the stomata? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 31. Which structure allows carbon dioxide to enter? a. A c. C b. B d. D ____ 32. Which structure allows water and oxygen to exit t ...
ANATOMY OF INNER EAR
... • Inner phalangeal cells & border cells enclose inner hair cells • Deiters’ cells enclose outer hair cells & send phalangeal processes to the adjacent cells • Hensen’s cells & Claudius’ cells are present on the outer edge of basilar membrane ...
... • Inner phalangeal cells & border cells enclose inner hair cells • Deiters’ cells enclose outer hair cells & send phalangeal processes to the adjacent cells • Hensen’s cells & Claudius’ cells are present on the outer edge of basilar membrane ...
PDF ( 29 )
... located above and below the bundle, near epidermis. There are 2 vittae, one below the phloem, one above the xylem. ...
... located above and below the bundle, near epidermis. There are 2 vittae, one below the phloem, one above the xylem. ...
Lecture Handouts
... The study of growth rings is called ________________ . The oldest individual organism is _________________ . Their individual age may be _________________ years. Periderm Cambium differentiates between_________ _________ The cambium is called __________________________ The parenchyma derivative is c ...
... The study of growth rings is called ________________ . The oldest individual organism is _________________ . Their individual age may be _________________ years. Periderm Cambium differentiates between_________ _________ The cambium is called __________________________ The parenchyma derivative is c ...
Comparing Monocot and Dicot Pants
... • Find out what a monocot plant and a dicot plant is. • Create a table to compare the structures of these two classes of plant. • In your table you should compare seeds (cotyledons), stem (vascular bundles), flower, leaf (vein pattern) and ...
... • Find out what a monocot plant and a dicot plant is. • Create a table to compare the structures of these two classes of plant. • In your table you should compare seeds (cotyledons), stem (vascular bundles), flower, leaf (vein pattern) and ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.