Leaf Structure and Function
... Compare leaf anatomy in eudicots and monocots (page 716). ❚ Monocot leaves have parallel venation, whereas eudicot leaves have netted venation. ❚ Some monocots (corn and other grasses) do not have mesophyll differentiated into distinct palisade and spongy ...
... Compare leaf anatomy in eudicots and monocots (page 716). ❚ Monocot leaves have parallel venation, whereas eudicot leaves have netted venation. ❚ Some monocots (corn and other grasses) do not have mesophyll differentiated into distinct palisade and spongy ...
Chapter 1 - UNH Cooperative Extension
... During the first winter, the plant is vernalized. That is, it is stimulated to produce reproductive structures during the following growing season. In the second season, flowers, fruit, and seeds develop to complete the life cycle, and the plant dies. Carrots, beets, cabbage, celery, onions, hollyho ...
... During the first winter, the plant is vernalized. That is, it is stimulated to produce reproductive structures during the following growing season. In the second season, flowers, fruit, and seeds develop to complete the life cycle, and the plant dies. Carrots, beets, cabbage, celery, onions, hollyho ...
How to Propagate Indoor Plants
... schefflera, fiddle-leaf fig, and laurel fig, which root more slowly, can be air layered. This is a good way to reduce the height of a plant that has outgrown its space and to obtain new plants. vA notch is cut into the woody stem below the part to be removed. vThis cut is propped open with a matchst ...
... schefflera, fiddle-leaf fig, and laurel fig, which root more slowly, can be air layered. This is a good way to reduce the height of a plant that has outgrown its space and to obtain new plants. vA notch is cut into the woody stem below the part to be removed. vThis cut is propped open with a matchst ...
Aarssen Lectures 1-12 + Grogan Fungus Lectures Lecture 1
... Advantage of sex required getting ‘small’ during some point( for genetic recombination and dispersal of propagules) since combining genes happens during the fusion of two gametes ( haploid) to form the zygote(diploid) . They also need to get tall for success in competition for light and greater disp ...
... Advantage of sex required getting ‘small’ during some point( for genetic recombination and dispersal of propagules) since combining genes happens during the fusion of two gametes ( haploid) to form the zygote(diploid) . They also need to get tall for success in competition for light and greater disp ...
Lab - Comparing Monocots and Dicots
... Both monocot and dicot seeds develop in similar ways and have the same parts. There are a few minor differences: monocots start out with one seed leaf, while dicots have two. The technical word for seed leaf is cotyledon: you can find it on the coloring sheet; it is the first leaf to emerge from a d ...
... Both monocot and dicot seeds develop in similar ways and have the same parts. There are a few minor differences: monocots start out with one seed leaf, while dicots have two. The technical word for seed leaf is cotyledon: you can find it on the coloring sheet; it is the first leaf to emerge from a d ...
chapter23
... supply to (a) Microphyll evolution enation Thicker main Dichotomous stem end branches Equal branches Vascular tissue ...
... supply to (a) Microphyll evolution enation Thicker main Dichotomous stem end branches Equal branches Vascular tissue ...
Taxonomy of Angiosperms
... female flower, stands for bisexual flower, K for calyx, C for corolla, P for perianth, A for androecium and G for Gynoecium. G stands for superior ovary G stands for inferior ovary. Floral formula also indicates the number of free or united (within brackets) numbers of each whorl and also show coh ...
... female flower, stands for bisexual flower, K for calyx, C for corolla, P for perianth, A for androecium and G for Gynoecium. G stands for superior ovary G stands for inferior ovary. Floral formula also indicates the number of free or united (within brackets) numbers of each whorl and also show coh ...
Practice Questions MidT I-with answers Oct 14
... have apparently arisen spontaneously in most taxa and often seem to be quite successful, in some cases persisting for millions of years. d) there is no one striking advantage to sex that can clearly offset the apparent disadvantages e) all of these are true. Diploid cells have two copies of their ge ...
... have apparently arisen spontaneously in most taxa and often seem to be quite successful, in some cases persisting for millions of years. d) there is no one striking advantage to sex that can clearly offset the apparent disadvantages e) all of these are true. Diploid cells have two copies of their ge ...
bambusa - DELTA/Intkey
... Excluding Guadua Kunth,, Holttumochloa K.M. Wong, Kinabaluchloa K.M. Wong, Maclurochloa K.M. Wong, Soejatmia K.M. Wong, Habit, vegetative morphology. Perennial. The flowering culms leafless, or leafy. Culms (200–)500–3500 cm high; woody and persistent; to 12(–17) cm in diameter; scandent, or not sca ...
... Excluding Guadua Kunth,, Holttumochloa K.M. Wong, Kinabaluchloa K.M. Wong, Maclurochloa K.M. Wong, Soejatmia K.M. Wong, Habit, vegetative morphology. Perennial. The flowering culms leafless, or leafy. Culms (200–)500–3500 cm high; woody and persistent; to 12(–17) cm in diameter; scandent, or not sca ...
LABORATORY EXERCISE - PCC Spaces
... form of plants and animals) among the early biologists concerned with taxonomy, the great bulk of criteria used for identifying plants and animals is their form. While in some respects this narrow view of species determination by morphological characteristics is declining in importance among biologi ...
... form of plants and animals) among the early biologists concerned with taxonomy, the great bulk of criteria used for identifying plants and animals is their form. While in some respects this narrow view of species determination by morphological characteristics is declining in importance among biologi ...
View Full Text-PDF - International Journal of Current Research in
... better in arid regions producing leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds (Bardi and Burkinshaw, 1993). L. inermis is a much-branched glabrous shrub with tipped branchlets in most cases. Young branches are quadrangular green but turn red with age. The leaves are opposite in arrangement, entire in margin, e ...
... better in arid regions producing leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds (Bardi and Burkinshaw, 1993). L. inermis is a much-branched glabrous shrub with tipped branchlets in most cases. Young branches are quadrangular green but turn red with age. The leaves are opposite in arrangement, entire in margin, e ...
Isolation and Characterization of a TERMINAL FLOWER Homolog
... CsTFL, was isolated from the hybrid perennial tree crop Washington navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). The deduced amino acid sequence of CsTFL was 65% identical to the Arabidopsis TFL1 protein. Wild-type Arabidopsis plants ectopically expressing CsTFL showed late-flowering phenotypes similar ...
... CsTFL, was isolated from the hybrid perennial tree crop Washington navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). The deduced amino acid sequence of CsTFL was 65% identical to the Arabidopsis TFL1 protein. Wild-type Arabidopsis plants ectopically expressing CsTFL showed late-flowering phenotypes similar ...
- The Aquila Digital Community
... diameter than older parts, which become somewhat constricted with age. Rhizomes range in diameter from 2 to 18 mm, the average ones being about 9 mm. The internode length may vary from a millimeter or less to over a centimeter. The rhizome bud is formed periodically in the axil of a scale leaf which ...
... diameter than older parts, which become somewhat constricted with age. Rhizomes range in diameter from 2 to 18 mm, the average ones being about 9 mm. The internode length may vary from a millimeter or less to over a centimeter. The rhizome bud is formed periodically in the axil of a scale leaf which ...
Calpain-Mediated Positional Information Directs Cell Wall
... The effects of lack of specificity in cell identity during development in dek1 embryos were investigated by mRNA in situ hybridization and monitoring of the expression of genes essential for early embryo patterning. WOX8 expression is correctly restricted to the suspensor after the 16-cell stage in ...
... The effects of lack of specificity in cell identity during development in dek1 embryos were investigated by mRNA in situ hybridization and monitoring of the expression of genes essential for early embryo patterning. WOX8 expression is correctly restricted to the suspensor after the 16-cell stage in ...
The Maize MADS Box Gene ZmMADS3 Affects
... additionally expressed in synergids and in central and antipodal cells. During early somatic embryogenesis, ZmMADS1 expression is restricted to cells with the capacity to form somatic embryos, and to globular embryos at later stages. ZmMADS3 is detectable only by more sensitive reverse transcriptase ...
... additionally expressed in synergids and in central and antipodal cells. During early somatic embryogenesis, ZmMADS1 expression is restricted to cells with the capacity to form somatic embryos, and to globular embryos at later stages. ZmMADS3 is detectable only by more sensitive reverse transcriptase ...
Monocot and Dicot Lab2
... Dicotyledonae (aka Dicots). Monocots include palms, orchids, irises, and lilies. Dicots include oaks, mustards, cacti, blackberries, and sunflowers. Dicots are more diverse and include many more species than Monocots. Monocots are mostly herbaceous (green) plants with long, narrow leaves that have p ...
... Dicotyledonae (aka Dicots). Monocots include palms, orchids, irises, and lilies. Dicots include oaks, mustards, cacti, blackberries, and sunflowers. Dicots are more diverse and include many more species than Monocots. Monocots are mostly herbaceous (green) plants with long, narrow leaves that have p ...
09_chapter 2
... specific genes has been shown to affect the cotyledon development in plant model system Arabidopsis. In the last decade, the examination of embryo development defective mutants has facilitated the genetic dissection to study pattern formation during Arabidopsis embryo development (Jurgens et al., 1 ...
... specific genes has been shown to affect the cotyledon development in plant model system Arabidopsis. In the last decade, the examination of embryo development defective mutants has facilitated the genetic dissection to study pattern formation during Arabidopsis embryo development (Jurgens et al., 1 ...
Lesson Plan - New Mexico FFA
... 2. Cell specialization is the presence of cells that perform unique activities for a plant. (Flowers, leaves, roots, and stems are made of specialized cells.) C. Cells are formed into groups that work together. 1. Tissue is formed by groups of cells that are alike in activity and structure. 2. An or ...
... 2. Cell specialization is the presence of cells that perform unique activities for a plant. (Flowers, leaves, roots, and stems are made of specialized cells.) C. Cells are formed into groups that work together. 1. Tissue is formed by groups of cells that are alike in activity and structure. 2. An or ...
Introduction to Botany - Materials of Alexey Shipunov
... primary tissues tissues originated from RAM or SAM (optionally through intermediate meristems) procambium intermediate meristem developing into cortex, pith and procambium, primary meristem which makes vascular tissues protoderm ...
... primary tissues tissues originated from RAM or SAM (optionally through intermediate meristems) procambium intermediate meristem developing into cortex, pith and procambium, primary meristem which makes vascular tissues protoderm ...
The Structure and Development of Eriocaulon septangulare With.
... Eriocaulon septangulare With., the subject of the present study, is a small, submerged aquatic plant, the sole European representative of a large genus of well over two hundred species, the great majority of which are plants of swampy soils, with a wide distribution in the tropical and subtropical r ...
... Eriocaulon septangulare With., the subject of the present study, is a small, submerged aquatic plant, the sole European representative of a large genus of well over two hundred species, the great majority of which are plants of swampy soils, with a wide distribution in the tropical and subtropical r ...
Bougainvillea spp. - Environmental Horticulture
... acid soils, Bougainvillea can tolerate hot, dry locations fairly well but flowers bountifully in full sun with regular watering. Chlorosis can be a problem in alkaline soil. Regular pruning may be necessary to shape the plant or direct its growth since shoots often grow vigorously, but Bougainvillea ...
... acid soils, Bougainvillea can tolerate hot, dry locations fairly well but flowers bountifully in full sun with regular watering. Chlorosis can be a problem in alkaline soil. Regular pruning may be necessary to shape the plant or direct its growth since shoots often grow vigorously, but Bougainvillea ...
The Root Hair Specific SYP123 Regulates the Localization of Cell
... Root hairs are important for nutrient and water uptake and are also critically involved the interaction with soil inhabiting microbiota. Root hairs are tubular-shaped outgrowths that emerge from trichoblasts. This polarized elongation is maintained and regulated by a robust mechanism involving the e ...
... Root hairs are important for nutrient and water uptake and are also critically involved the interaction with soil inhabiting microbiota. Root hairs are tubular-shaped outgrowths that emerge from trichoblasts. This polarized elongation is maintained and regulated by a robust mechanism involving the e ...
Meristem
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place.Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of the plant and keep the plant growing. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) gives rise to organs like the leaves and flowers, while the root apical meristem (RAM) provides the meristematic cells for the future root growth. SAM and RAM cells divide rapidly and are considered indeterminate, in that they do not possess any defined end status. In that sense, the meristematic cells are frequently compared to the stem cells in animals, which have an analogous behavior and function.The term meristem was first used in 1858 by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli (1817–1891) in his book Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik. It is derived from the Greek word merizein (μερίζειν), meaning to divide, in recognition of its inherent function.In general, differentiated plant cells cannot divide or produce cells of a different type. Therefore, cell division in the meristem is required to provide new cells for expansion and differentiation of tissues and initiation of new organs, providing the basic structure of the plant body.Meristematic cells are incompletely or not at all differentiated, and are capable of continued cellular division (youthful). Furthermore, the cells are small and protoplasm fills the cell completely. The vacuoles are extremely small. The cytoplasm does not contain differentiated plastids (chloroplasts or chromoplasts), although they are present in rudimentary form (proplastids). Meristematic cells are packed closely together without intercellular cavities. The cell wall is a very thin primary cell wall.Maintenance of the cells requires a balance between two antagonistic processes: organ initiation and stem cell population renewal.Apical meristems are the completely undifferentiated (indeterminate) meristems in a plant. These differentiate into three kinds of primary meristems. The primary meristems in turn produce the two secondary meristem types. These secondary meristems are also known as lateral meristems because they are involved in lateral growth.At the meristem summit, there is a small group of slowly dividing cells, which is commonly called the central zone. Cells of this zone have a stem cell function and are essential for meristem maintenance. The proliferation and growth rates at the meristem summit usually differ considerably from those at the periphery.Meristems also are induced in the roots of legumes such as soybean, Lotus japonicus, pea, and Medicago truncatula after infection with soil bacteria commonly called Rhizobium. Cells of the inner or outer cortex in the so-called ""window of nodulation"" just behind the developing root tip are induced to divide. The critical signal substance is the lipo-oligosaccharide Nod-factor, decorated with side groups to allow specificity of interaction. The Nod factor receptor proteins NFR1 and NFR5 were cloned from several legumes including Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula and soybean (Glycine max). Regulation of nodule meristems utilizes long distance regulation commonly called ""Autoregulation of Nodulation"" (AON). This process involves a leaf-vascular tissue located LRR receptor kinases (LjHAR1, GmNARK and MtSUNN), CLE peptide signalling, and KAPP interaction, similar to that seen in the CLV1,2,3 system. LjKLAVIER also exhibits a nodule regulation phenotype though it is not yet known how this relates to the other AON receptor kinases.