a carbon price
... • A uniform global carbon price (and prices on other greenhouse gases in proportion to their warming potential), delivered either by carbon taxes or carbon trading, would be an ideal tool to reduce greenhouse gas emissions sharply in a cost-effective way, based on the principle that the ‘polluter p ...
... • A uniform global carbon price (and prices on other greenhouse gases in proportion to their warming potential), delivered either by carbon taxes or carbon trading, would be an ideal tool to reduce greenhouse gas emissions sharply in a cost-effective way, based on the principle that the ‘polluter p ...
A CARBON EMISSIONS TAX AS A MITIGATING STRATEGY FOR
... an increase in the quantity of goods and services that need to be provided, thereby increasing production and hence GHGs (IMF, 2008). ...
... an increase in the quantity of goods and services that need to be provided, thereby increasing production and hence GHGs (IMF, 2008). ...
Climate Change, Political Truth, and the Marketplace of Ideas
... based on the “polluter pays” principle, similar to that found in the Comprehensive Environmental Response Cleanup and Liability Act (CERCLA),5 could eliminate the uncertainties associated with common law liability, leaving only whatever legitimate scientific uncertainty exists. Like CERCLA, such lia ...
... based on the “polluter pays” principle, similar to that found in the Comprehensive Environmental Response Cleanup and Liability Act (CERCLA),5 could eliminate the uncertainties associated with common law liability, leaving only whatever legitimate scientific uncertainty exists. Like CERCLA, such lia ...
Maize migration: key crop expands to higher altitudes
... Ramos, & Rhoades, 2012). Local observations are compatible with scientific analyses of recent climatic trends in the Andean region, to the extent that these exist. Analyses of precipitation data often yield varied and insignificant results (Vuille, Bradley, Werner, & Keimig, 2003; Vuille et al., 2008) ...
... Ramos, & Rhoades, 2012). Local observations are compatible with scientific analyses of recent climatic trends in the Andean region, to the extent that these exist. Analyses of precipitation data often yield varied and insignificant results (Vuille, Bradley, Werner, & Keimig, 2003; Vuille et al., 2008) ...
GEOGRAPHY
... Africa, Middle and South America. Geographic concepts, such as map reading and spatial analysis, are first introduced. Then, the world is classified into geographic realms and regions using both physical and social criteria. Each region results from a unique interaction between the human societies a ...
... Africa, Middle and South America. Geographic concepts, such as map reading and spatial analysis, are first introduced. Then, the world is classified into geographic realms and regions using both physical and social criteria. Each region results from a unique interaction between the human societies a ...
Climate change information for adaptation: Climate trends and
... However, for many purposes, planning horizons are less than a century and modelled results are not very divergent out to 2050. In addition, anthropogenic factors, i.e. greenhouse gas increases, have been overwhelmingly dominant in driving changes in global and large scale regional, climate since abo ...
... However, for many purposes, planning horizons are less than a century and modelled results are not very divergent out to 2050. In addition, anthropogenic factors, i.e. greenhouse gas increases, have been overwhelmingly dominant in driving changes in global and large scale regional, climate since abo ...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CANTABRIA
... climate could reduce the number of people visiting small islands in low latitudes, it could have the reverse effect in middle and high latitude islands. However, water shortages and increased incidence of vector-borne diseases may also deter tourists” ([IPCC, 2007b]). Under this scenario, climate ch ...
... climate could reduce the number of people visiting small islands in low latitudes, it could have the reverse effect in middle and high latitude islands. However, water shortages and increased incidence of vector-borne diseases may also deter tourists” ([IPCC, 2007b]). Under this scenario, climate ch ...
Weather Files and Future Climate
... temperatures at a given location. This is partly due to the relatively small number of files available for the UK and also the locations of the weather stations used to create the CIBSE TRYs and DSYs are generally located next to cities. This may seem to be a good idea since this is where the majori ...
... temperatures at a given location. This is partly due to the relatively small number of files available for the UK and also the locations of the weather stations used to create the CIBSE TRYs and DSYs are generally located next to cities. This may seem to be a good idea since this is where the majori ...
kenya national climate change policy
... and the budget making process. Enabling Regulatory Framework Kenya requires appropriately designed legislative, policy and institutional frameworks that provide a regulatory architecture comprising the vital components of climate change governance. It is imperative to ensure compliance with the cons ...
... and the budget making process. Enabling Regulatory Framework Kenya requires appropriately designed legislative, policy and institutional frameworks that provide a regulatory architecture comprising the vital components of climate change governance. It is imperative to ensure compliance with the cons ...
Climate Change curriculum
... with an oli (chant). The oli sets a tone of respect and reverence for the elements as we seek to understand the changes to climate that are occurring all around us. Climate change is a complex topic that provides opportunities for students to explore many interrelationships, including the connection ...
... with an oli (chant). The oli sets a tone of respect and reverence for the elements as we seek to understand the changes to climate that are occurring all around us. Climate change is a complex topic that provides opportunities for students to explore many interrelationships, including the connection ...
Aalborg Universitet Uncertainty in Impact Assessment – EIA in Denmark
... reports have actively been sought out. The reason for this may be the way the cases were collected, since they were found through searching the internet, and reports from before 2001 are not ...
... reports have actively been sought out. The reason for this may be the way the cases were collected, since they were found through searching the internet, and reports from before 2001 are not ...
WCRP Grand Challenge: Regional Sea Level Change and Coastal
... of anthropogenic climate warming, with the detailed pace and final amount of rise depending substantially on future greenhouse gas emissions. It is especially the coastal SL rise that i ...
... of anthropogenic climate warming, with the detailed pace and final amount of rise depending substantially on future greenhouse gas emissions. It is especially the coastal SL rise that i ...
Climate Adaptation in Asia: Knowledge Gaps and Research
... This is a summary of a longer report that has been commissioned by DFID (UK) and IDRC (Canada). These two donor agencies are considering support for a programme of applied research on climate adaptation in Asia. In preparation for that programme, they have commissioned a study of climate change adap ...
... This is a summary of a longer report that has been commissioned by DFID (UK) and IDRC (Canada). These two donor agencies are considering support for a programme of applied research on climate adaptation in Asia. In preparation for that programme, they have commissioned a study of climate change adap ...
Linkages between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols
... with, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances (ODS) like halons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, HCFCs and methyl bromide are also powerful GHGs with Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) far higher than CO2 (see Table). In the 1980s, halocarbons have been found to have c ...
... with, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting substances (ODS) like halons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, HCFCs and methyl bromide are also powerful GHGs with Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) far higher than CO2 (see Table). In the 1980s, halocarbons have been found to have c ...
Farmer Resiliency in a Changing Climate
... sense of awareness surrounding food and its production and quality that he passed on to her. What I never realized until I came to the University of Vermont and began studying the environment and food systems was that so many people do not have that same awareness. Unfortunately, ignorance concernin ...
... sense of awareness surrounding food and its production and quality that he passed on to her. What I never realized until I came to the University of Vermont and began studying the environment and food systems was that so many people do not have that same awareness. Unfortunately, ignorance concernin ...
Review of the White Paper on the contribution of the GFCS to
... The overall availability of food is affected by changes in agricultural yields (impacted by climate and weather) as well as changes in arable land. Changes in food production, together with other factors, could impact food prices, which would affect the ability of poor households to access food mark ...
... The overall availability of food is affected by changes in agricultural yields (impacted by climate and weather) as well as changes in arable land. Changes in food production, together with other factors, could impact food prices, which would affect the ability of poor households to access food mark ...
Climate Change in Zimbabwe - Konrad-Adenauer
... caused by the release of greenhouse gases – such as carbon dioxide [CO2] and methane [CH4]) – which trap heat in the atmosphere, causing the planet to become hotter (global warming). Greenhouse gases are released by human activities which use of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) as well as by ...
... caused by the release of greenhouse gases – such as carbon dioxide [CO2] and methane [CH4]) – which trap heat in the atmosphere, causing the planet to become hotter (global warming). Greenhouse gases are released by human activities which use of fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) as well as by ...
Australia`s carbon budget based on global effort sharing
... As the graph shows, the difference is small between the two data sets. Using official Australian data will lead to a slightly lower carbon budget spent in the past, and will thus be a little more generous regarding future budgets. 2.2.2 Determining spent budgets under the different scenarios Some sp ...
... As the graph shows, the difference is small between the two data sets. Using official Australian data will lead to a slightly lower carbon budget spent in the past, and will thus be a little more generous regarding future budgets. 2.2.2 Determining spent budgets under the different scenarios Some sp ...
Implications of Recent Climate Change on Conservation Priorities in
... make better informed decisions and to take action in the near-term by identifying the potential vulnerability of habitat types, priority conservation sites and species to climate change. Our approach not only provides a new perspective and information for planning and management, it also diminishes ...
... make better informed decisions and to take action in the near-term by identifying the potential vulnerability of habitat types, priority conservation sites and species to climate change. Our approach not only provides a new perspective and information for planning and management, it also diminishes ...
A Practitioner`s Guide to Climate Change Adaptation
... 2011). During this period, average temperatures across Ontario increased by 0.7 to 1.1oC, with higher temperatures occurring in the Boreal and Hudson Bay Lowlands regions (Environment Canada, 2011). Projections for Ontario suggest that average annual air temperature will increase, but given the unce ...
... 2011). During this period, average temperatures across Ontario increased by 0.7 to 1.1oC, with higher temperatures occurring in the Boreal and Hudson Bay Lowlands regions (Environment Canada, 2011). Projections for Ontario suggest that average annual air temperature will increase, but given the unce ...
global climate change and health – a new theme for research in
... Environmental medicine research is missing in the field of climate change and health The recently published report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) as well as a number of books, films and mass-media programs have put the issue of climate change in the spotlight. Resear ...
... Environmental medicine research is missing in the field of climate change and health The recently published report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) as well as a number of books, films and mass-media programs have put the issue of climate change in the spotlight. Resear ...
pdf
... become dominant in boreal soils. In addition, microbial communities could adapt to warming through physiological adjustments in rates of metabolism, or evolution of proteins ...
... become dominant in boreal soils. In addition, microbial communities could adapt to warming through physiological adjustments in rates of metabolism, or evolution of proteins ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.