Potential climate-change impacts on the Chesapeake Bay
... CaCO3-secreting organisms, including shellfish. Orr et al. (2005) showed that [CO2 3 ] and pH decreases averaging about 10% and 0.1, respectively, have already taken place throughout the surface ocean due to the invasion of anthropogenic CO2. Under a greenhouse gas scenario similar to the Intergover ...
... CaCO3-secreting organisms, including shellfish. Orr et al. (2005) showed that [CO2 3 ] and pH decreases averaging about 10% and 0.1, respectively, have already taken place throughout the surface ocean due to the invasion of anthropogenic CO2. Under a greenhouse gas scenario similar to the Intergover ...
- White Rose Research Online
... compared to the past (by subtracting reported flood risks for 1963 from reported flood risks for 2013) and expected changes into the future (by subtracting reported flood risks for 2013 from reported flood risks for 2063) – which should show increases if participants are concerned about the role of ...
... compared to the past (by subtracting reported flood risks for 1963 from reported flood risks for 2013) and expected changes into the future (by subtracting reported flood risks for 2013 from reported flood risks for 2063) – which should show increases if participants are concerned about the role of ...
The Relationship between Land–Ocean Surface Temperature
... approached. In contrast, when climate is forced by prescribing changes in SSTs, the heat transport anomaly replaces ‘‘missing’’ radiative forcing over land by moving heat from ocean to land, warming the land surface. The heat transport anomaly remains substantial in steady state. These results are c ...
... approached. In contrast, when climate is forced by prescribing changes in SSTs, the heat transport anomaly replaces ‘‘missing’’ radiative forcing over land by moving heat from ocean to land, warming the land surface. The heat transport anomaly remains substantial in steady state. These results are c ...
Climate warming and Bergmann`s rule through time: is
... and temporal scales can be achieved by studying the relations between a trait such as body size and an environmental factor such as temperature (Polly et al. 2011). It is assumed that the functional relation between this trait and the environmental factor does not vary across scales. In other words, ...
... and temporal scales can be achieved by studying the relations between a trait such as body size and an environmental factor such as temperature (Polly et al. 2011). It is assumed that the functional relation between this trait and the environmental factor does not vary across scales. In other words, ...
Climate Change in the South Caucasus
... the direct penetration of cold air. The circulation of these air masses has mainly determined the precipitation regime all over the region. Precipitation decreases from west to east and mountains generally receive higher amounts than low-lying areas. The ...
... the direct penetration of cold air. The circulation of these air masses has mainly determined the precipitation regime all over the region. Precipitation decreases from west to east and mountains generally receive higher amounts than low-lying areas. The ...
Format PDF press here
... index. They found also that the relation was the strongest with a lag of two months, the time necessary for the cooling signal to propagate from North Africa to Central Asia, in a quasi-barotropic structure for the whole troposphere. The mechanism responsible for this linkage is however still unclea ...
... index. They found also that the relation was the strongest with a lag of two months, the time necessary for the cooling signal to propagate from North Africa to Central Asia, in a quasi-barotropic structure for the whole troposphere. The mechanism responsible for this linkage is however still unclea ...
Tropospheric adjustment induces a cloud component in
... The separation into forcing and feedback may appear to be arbitrary, since both the radiative forcing F and the radiative response H = α∆T are consequences of imposing the forcing agent. The radiative forcing is sometimes defined as global-mean net downward change in radiative flux at the tropopause ...
... The separation into forcing and feedback may appear to be arbitrary, since both the radiative forcing F and the radiative response H = α∆T are consequences of imposing the forcing agent. The radiative forcing is sometimes defined as global-mean net downward change in radiative flux at the tropopause ...
Explaining Public Support for Climate Change Mitigation Policies
... their study did not examine any specific set of actual policies in operationalising their „Policy Support‟ construct. This severely affects the content validity of the construct as it attempts to measure the policy support behaviour of the general public using the concept of „willingness to pay‟ is ...
... their study did not examine any specific set of actual policies in operationalising their „Policy Support‟ construct. This severely affects the content validity of the construct as it attempts to measure the policy support behaviour of the general public using the concept of „willingness to pay‟ is ...
as a PDF
... showed that, Barangay Dayap is one of the highest in malnutrition rates which is indicative of high sensitivity to the impact of climate change – led threats; it also has low adaptive capacity as a result of low scores on technological, social and human indicators. ...
... showed that, Barangay Dayap is one of the highest in malnutrition rates which is indicative of high sensitivity to the impact of climate change – led threats; it also has low adaptive capacity as a result of low scores on technological, social and human indicators. ...
Potential Arctic tundra vegetation shifts in
... by mosses and lichens due to the extremely low summer temperatures. Southwards, with increasing summer temperatures, graminoids and dwarf shrubs increase in abundance (Walker et al., 2005). Climate change influences the tundra vegetation in multiple ways. Warming experiments in tundra ecosystems sho ...
... by mosses and lichens due to the extremely low summer temperatures. Southwards, with increasing summer temperatures, graminoids and dwarf shrubs increase in abundance (Walker et al., 2005). Climate change influences the tundra vegetation in multiple ways. Warming experiments in tundra ecosystems sho ...
Chapter 12
... and assume no specific climate policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. For the first time, wide ranging impacts of changes in current climate have been documented in Europe (very high confidence). ...
... and assume no specific climate policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. For the first time, wide ranging impacts of changes in current climate have been documented in Europe (very high confidence). ...
PDF
... Hence, it may be anticipated that a decline in annual, and more particularly growing season rainfall, caused by climate change would lessen grain yield. However, other features of the future climate scenario, such as higher concentrations of CO2 and changes in temperatures, also affect plant growth ...
... Hence, it may be anticipated that a decline in annual, and more particularly growing season rainfall, caused by climate change would lessen grain yield. However, other features of the future climate scenario, such as higher concentrations of CO2 and changes in temperatures, also affect plant growth ...
GLOCHAMORE Research Strategy - Mountain Research Initiative
... extent, mountain climates differ from those in nearby lower elevations, as do the essential natural resources, such as water, associated with them.Their verticality also generates tremendous habitat and species diversity over short horizontal distances. Human societies – not only within the mountain ...
... extent, mountain climates differ from those in nearby lower elevations, as do the essential natural resources, such as water, associated with them.Their verticality also generates tremendous habitat and species diversity over short horizontal distances. Human societies – not only within the mountain ...
Reports of Phase 2 Activity, January 2005
... variability. WA managers were keen to see if such techniques could be profitably deployed in southwest Western Australia, possibly linked to cyclic phases affecting the Indian Ocean. In this general decision environment the Indian Ocean Climate Initiative (IOCI) was formed in 1998. Its mission was t ...
... variability. WA managers were keen to see if such techniques could be profitably deployed in southwest Western Australia, possibly linked to cyclic phases affecting the Indian Ocean. In this general decision environment the Indian Ocean Climate Initiative (IOCI) was formed in 1998. Its mission was t ...
Making the Connection: Population Dynamics and Climate
... would put the world on a path to slower population growth, leading to substantial reductions in future carbon dioxide emissions.5 Furthermore, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the leading intergovernmental body for the assessment of climate change, in their 5th assessment report ...
... would put the world on a path to slower population growth, leading to substantial reductions in future carbon dioxide emissions.5 Furthermore, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the leading intergovernmental body for the assessment of climate change, in their 5th assessment report ...
Climate Change and College Students
... thinking astray on the issue of global climate change, such as the distinction between weather and climate (Lombardi and Sinatra 2010). As an example, when students are asked about their views on climate change, they often recall from their personal experience very cold periods and use their recolle ...
... thinking astray on the issue of global climate change, such as the distinction between weather and climate (Lombardi and Sinatra 2010). As an example, when students are asked about their views on climate change, they often recall from their personal experience very cold periods and use their recolle ...
Chapter 6- Canada in a Changing Climate: Sector Perspectives on
... and function. It also interacts with other factors that influence biodiversity, such as pollution and land use change. As a result, many ecological studies include modeled or observed evaluations of relationships between biodiversity and climate change. Current evidence indicates that climatically s ...
... and function. It also interacts with other factors that influence biodiversity, such as pollution and land use change. As a result, many ecological studies include modeled or observed evaluations of relationships between biodiversity and climate change. Current evidence indicates that climatically s ...
climate futures responses to climate change in 2030 October 2008
... The most immediate question in this area is whether there will be a successor to the Kyoto Protocol. We have found a very wide range of views on this topic in our expert interviews. In the medium term if there is no settlement, then the separate initiatives of countries and regions such as the Europ ...
... The most immediate question in this area is whether there will be a successor to the Kyoto Protocol. We have found a very wide range of views on this topic in our expert interviews. In the medium term if there is no settlement, then the separate initiatives of countries and regions such as the Europ ...
The Potential Impacts of Climate Change Factors
... Abstract: Water eutrophication has become one of the most serious aquatic environmental problems around the world. More and more research has indicated climate change as a major natural factor that will lead to the acceleration of eutrophication in rivers and lakes. However, understanding the mechan ...
... Abstract: Water eutrophication has become one of the most serious aquatic environmental problems around the world. More and more research has indicated climate change as a major natural factor that will lead to the acceleration of eutrophication in rivers and lakes. However, understanding the mechan ...
responses to climate change in 2030
... The most immediate question in this area is whether there will be a successor to the Kyoto Protocol. We have found a very wide range of views on this topic in our expert interviews. In the medium term if there is no settlement, then the separate initiatives of countries and regions such as the Europ ...
... The most immediate question in this area is whether there will be a successor to the Kyoto Protocol. We have found a very wide range of views on this topic in our expert interviews. In the medium term if there is no settlement, then the separate initiatives of countries and regions such as the Europ ...
Climate Change: what do we know about the IPCC?
... Hiramatsu et al. (2008) followed a different methodology, but reached a similar conclusion. They developed a mapping framework for climate change research content based on the relationships between nature and human society. This framework comprised seven elements: (1) socioeconomic activity and gree ...
... Hiramatsu et al. (2008) followed a different methodology, but reached a similar conclusion. They developed a mapping framework for climate change research content based on the relationships between nature and human society. This framework comprised seven elements: (1) socioeconomic activity and gree ...
From headwater tributaries to international river
... high flows have enabled Egypt to pursue opportunistic policies to expand irrigation. These policies are embedded in wider sociopolitical and economic considerations but increase Egypt’s exposure and sensitivity to climate driven fluctuations in Nile flows. Analysis of climate change projections for the ...
... high flows have enabled Egypt to pursue opportunistic policies to expand irrigation. These policies are embedded in wider sociopolitical and economic considerations but increase Egypt’s exposure and sensitivity to climate driven fluctuations in Nile flows. Analysis of climate change projections for the ...
Philippine N ational Grassroots C onferenc e on Climate C hange
... Climate change is expected to adversely and disproportionately impact on the lives of poor communities throughout the globe. As one of the countries where both poverty incidence and increasing gap between the rich and the poor remain high, and where climate change is expected to bring about more ext ...
... Climate change is expected to adversely and disproportionately impact on the lives of poor communities throughout the globe. As one of the countries where both poverty incidence and increasing gap between the rich and the poor remain high, and where climate change is expected to bring about more ext ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.