Climate impacts threatening Japan today and tomorrow
... of Japan (Mizuta et al., 2005). The frequency, duration, and intensity of summer heatwaves and the number of hot days are also expected to increase throughout East Asia (Gao et al., 2002; Meehl, 2004; Cruz et. al, 2007). Similarly, a large increase in the probability of extreme warm seasons in Japan ...
... of Japan (Mizuta et al., 2005). The frequency, duration, and intensity of summer heatwaves and the number of hot days are also expected to increase throughout East Asia (Gao et al., 2002; Meehl, 2004; Cruz et. al, 2007). Similarly, a large increase in the probability of extreme warm seasons in Japan ...
Water: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and
... Rigid, expensive, and irreversible actions in climate-sensitive areas can increase vulnerability and long-term costs. Water managers and policymakers must start considering climate change as a factor in all decisions about water investments and the operation of existing facilities and systems. A con ...
... Rigid, expensive, and irreversible actions in climate-sensitive areas can increase vulnerability and long-term costs. Water managers and policymakers must start considering climate change as a factor in all decisions about water investments and the operation of existing facilities and systems. A con ...
What the Framework Convention on Climate Change
... what they know they can deliver at home. Frankly, most of the world’s emissions come from countries that aren’t centrally worried (yet) about global climate change. Take China, the world’s biggest emitter. Its leaders have learned more about the dangers of unchecked climate warming, and that has mad ...
... what they know they can deliver at home. Frankly, most of the world’s emissions come from countries that aren’t centrally worried (yet) about global climate change. Take China, the world’s biggest emitter. Its leaders have learned more about the dangers of unchecked climate warming, and that has mad ...
2013 Canada-US Comparative Climate Opinion
... al. 2013), the IPCC’s Working Group I published its highly anticipated Fifth Assessment report in September 2013, concluding with more certainty than ever that climate change is primarily driven by human activity (IPCC 2013). In the same year, other scientific reports warned that the widely agreed u ...
... al. 2013), the IPCC’s Working Group I published its highly anticipated Fifth Assessment report in September 2013, concluding with more certainty than ever that climate change is primarily driven by human activity (IPCC 2013). In the same year, other scientific reports warned that the widely agreed u ...
Box 1.3
... ΔTs = λΔF The reason surface temperature changes in different models are not usually compared directly is that the climate sensitivity is poorly known and varies by a factor of three between different climate models (IPCC, 2001, Chapter 9). Further, climate model studies have shown that, for many fo ...
... ΔTs = λΔF The reason surface temperature changes in different models are not usually compared directly is that the climate sensitivity is poorly known and varies by a factor of three between different climate models (IPCC, 2001, Chapter 9). Further, climate model studies have shown that, for many fo ...
Community-Based Adaptation to a Changing Climate
... Adaptation in Action: The “Pennsylvania Climate Adaptation Planning Report: Risks and Practical Recommendations” includes tourism and outdoor recreation as one of its four areas of focus for statewide adaptation planning. A state-level working group assessed the risks and vulnerabilities of the sect ...
... Adaptation in Action: The “Pennsylvania Climate Adaptation Planning Report: Risks and Practical Recommendations” includes tourism and outdoor recreation as one of its four areas of focus for statewide adaptation planning. A state-level working group assessed the risks and vulnerabilities of the sect ...
Development of GCM Based Climate Scenarios Presentation
... Develop Future Climate Variable Database for Consistent Evaluation in the Region ...
... Develop Future Climate Variable Database for Consistent Evaluation in the Region ...
AT: Transportation Infrastructure
... comprising CCS. In a previous work on transportation of C02 [1] the costs and capacities have been investigated by means of analysing type scenarios for different means of transportation, i.e. truck, train, ship and pipeline. It was concluded that transportation by means of pipeline and ship gave fe ...
... comprising CCS. In a previous work on transportation of C02 [1] the costs and capacities have been investigated by means of analysing type scenarios for different means of transportation, i.e. truck, train, ship and pipeline. It was concluded that transportation by means of pipeline and ship gave fe ...
Biodiversity baselines, thresholds and resilience: testing predictions
... Rates and nature of changes in ecological processes in response to climate change Predicted climate changes over the next 50–70 years suggest that global temperatures may increase by up to 48C and atmospheric CO2 concentrations may rise from today’s 380 ppmv to >1000 ppmv [19,20]. Furthermore, the r ...
... Rates and nature of changes in ecological processes in response to climate change Predicted climate changes over the next 50–70 years suggest that global temperatures may increase by up to 48C and atmospheric CO2 concentrations may rise from today’s 380 ppmv to >1000 ppmv [19,20]. Furthermore, the r ...
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
... of estimates of end-of-century sea level rise in the 2007 report, wherein new model results suggested much higher rates of change than previous assessments. However, the unreliability of these results, owing to their comparatively new underlying methodology, meant that consensus could not be reached ...
... of estimates of end-of-century sea level rise in the 2007 report, wherein new model results suggested much higher rates of change than previous assessments. However, the unreliability of these results, owing to their comparatively new underlying methodology, meant that consensus could not be reached ...
Climate Change in Hamilton City, New Zealand - UN
... Climate change throughout New Zealand has been occurring throughout the 20th century. Air temperatures have increased 0.4-0.7 degrees Celsius since 1950, sea level has risen 70mm and alpine snow mass has decreased7 . In general, winters have been warmer and diurnal temperature ranges have decreased ...
... Climate change throughout New Zealand has been occurring throughout the 20th century. Air temperatures have increased 0.4-0.7 degrees Celsius since 1950, sea level has risen 70mm and alpine snow mass has decreased7 . In general, winters have been warmer and diurnal temperature ranges have decreased ...
Policymakers Summary
... included in climate models The concentration of ozone is changing both in the stratosphere and the troposphere due to human activities, but it is difficult to quantify the changes from present observations For a thousand years prior to the industrial revolution, abundances of the greenhouse gases we ...
... included in climate models The concentration of ozone is changing both in the stratosphere and the troposphere due to human activities, but it is difficult to quantify the changes from present observations For a thousand years prior to the industrial revolution, abundances of the greenhouse gases we ...
NOTICE: This is an open access article distributed under the
... southern locations when the three GCMs were applied to the bioclimate model for M. sanguinipes. The percent of area (on a regional basis) with EI ≥ 20 varied across North America. For example, under current climate conditions (CRU), the model predicted that 0% of the Fairbanks region had EI ≥ 20 (Ta ...
... southern locations when the three GCMs were applied to the bioclimate model for M. sanguinipes. The percent of area (on a regional basis) with EI ≥ 20 varied across North America. For example, under current climate conditions (CRU), the model predicted that 0% of the Fairbanks region had EI ≥ 20 (Ta ...
PowerPoint presentation (PPT file)
... Alongi DM. 2008. Mangrove forests: Resilience, protection from tsunamis, and 446 responses to global climate change. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 76:1–13. [FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2007. The world’s mangroves 1980-2005. FAO For. Pap. 153:89. Hooijer A, Silvius M, Wösten H, and ...
... Alongi DM. 2008. Mangrove forests: Resilience, protection from tsunamis, and 446 responses to global climate change. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 76:1–13. [FAO] Food and Agriculture Organization. 2007. The world’s mangroves 1980-2005. FAO For. Pap. 153:89. Hooijer A, Silvius M, Wösten H, and ...
climate change analysis - University of York File Library
... In the on-going commitment period described above, however, the Kyoto protocol excludes the preservation of forests from the list of project types eligible for emission reduction credits. 25 This means that the Kyoto Protocol does not give an annex 1 country any credit for implementing projects that ...
... In the on-going commitment period described above, however, the Kyoto protocol excludes the preservation of forests from the list of project types eligible for emission reduction credits. 25 This means that the Kyoto Protocol does not give an annex 1 country any credit for implementing projects that ...
5.6.2 Water temperature
... dilution of pollutants. Higher intensity and frequency of floods and more frequent extreme precipitation events is expected to increase the load of pollutants (organic matter, nutrients, hazardous substances) being washed from soils and from overflows of sewage systems to ...
... dilution of pollutants. Higher intensity and frequency of floods and more frequent extreme precipitation events is expected to increase the load of pollutants (organic matter, nutrients, hazardous substances) being washed from soils and from overflows of sewage systems to ...
Long Range Ensemble Streamflow Prediction
... Map: Single map for all western WS forecasts from 6 RFCs Forecast evolution: Plotting capability to show evolution of current year forecast and observed river flow Verification: Forecast evaluation from past forecasts and forecast tools Ensemble services: Interaction capability with ensemble ...
... Map: Single map for all western WS forecasts from 6 RFCs Forecast evolution: Plotting capability to show evolution of current year forecast and observed river flow Verification: Forecast evaluation from past forecasts and forecast tools Ensemble services: Interaction capability with ensemble ...
Analysis of winter and summer warming rates in
... correspondence between observed patterns of temperature change and modeled patterns of temperature change (e.g. Santer et al. 1996) find strong similarities using data only from 1963-1987. As our analysis reveals, this was a period when the pattern of temperature departures was rather similar to the ...
... correspondence between observed patterns of temperature change and modeled patterns of temperature change (e.g. Santer et al. 1996) find strong similarities using data only from 1963-1987. As our analysis reveals, this was a period when the pattern of temperature departures was rather similar to the ...
Document
... zones have revealed that the system can fit tropical vegetation zones (e.g. Holdridge 1967), mediterranean zones (Steila 1966), as well as the boreal zones, but that it is less applicable to cold oceanic or cold arid climates (Hamet-Ahti et al. 1974) where moisture becomes the determining factor. Th ...
... zones have revealed that the system can fit tropical vegetation zones (e.g. Holdridge 1967), mediterranean zones (Steila 1966), as well as the boreal zones, but that it is less applicable to cold oceanic or cold arid climates (Hamet-Ahti et al. 1974) where moisture becomes the determining factor. Th ...
The potential impacts of climate change on the mid
... techniques described by Gibson & Najjar (NGVD). The first column on the left is the storm-surge level achieved (unpubl.). We found Bay temperature to be during the specific event. Each event has a corresponding number highly correlated (r2 from 0.68 to 0.93) with repeated in the remaining columns. T ...
... techniques described by Gibson & Najjar (NGVD). The first column on the left is the storm-surge level achieved (unpubl.). We found Bay temperature to be during the specific event. Each event has a corresponding number highly correlated (r2 from 0.68 to 0.93) with repeated in the remaining columns. T ...
Biodiversity and climate change
... measures as cost-effective instruments for climate change adaptation and mitigation as well as disaster risk reduction, and that increased investment for management and conservation will have positive economic, social and environmental effects; (g) To develop and implement ecosystem-based approaches ...
... measures as cost-effective instruments for climate change adaptation and mitigation as well as disaster risk reduction, and that increased investment for management and conservation will have positive economic, social and environmental effects; (g) To develop and implement ecosystem-based approaches ...
Biodiversity, climate change, and ecosystem services
... particularly changes in the composition of the atmosphere, such as increasing CO2, affect organisms directly, as does the action of some of the other greenhouse gases, particularly nitrogenous compounds resulting from combustion and crop fertilization. The primary indirect effect of these drivers is ...
... particularly changes in the composition of the atmosphere, such as increasing CO2, affect organisms directly, as does the action of some of the other greenhouse gases, particularly nitrogenous compounds resulting from combustion and crop fertilization. The primary indirect effect of these drivers is ...
Draft Resolution X - The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
... those natural systems especially vulnerable to climate change because of their limited adaptive capacity and that they may therefore undergo significant and irreversible damage, and AWARE that the IPCC is conducting a Fifth Assessment Report to provide in 2013/2014 an update of knowledge on the scie ...
... those natural systems especially vulnerable to climate change because of their limited adaptive capacity and that they may therefore undergo significant and irreversible damage, and AWARE that the IPCC is conducting a Fifth Assessment Report to provide in 2013/2014 an update of knowledge on the scie ...
View/Open
... regressed on positive deviation in maximum temperature, square of positive deviation of temperature and also on the time trend for the period from 1980 to 2003. The study shows that increase in maximum temperature from the long run average had negative effect on wheat yields. The analysis shows that ...
... regressed on positive deviation in maximum temperature, square of positive deviation of temperature and also on the time trend for the period from 1980 to 2003. The study shows that increase in maximum temperature from the long run average had negative effect on wheat yields. The analysis shows that ...
Transportation & Climate Change in Manitoba – A Primer
... Current research suggests that by 2080, summer temperatures in Manitoba could rise by 3-4oC, and that winter temperatures could rise by 5-8 oC. These would be the largest and most rapid changes in our climate of the last 100,000 years.1 Manitoba and Climate Change: A Primer (2001) predicts that Mani ...
... Current research suggests that by 2080, summer temperatures in Manitoba could rise by 3-4oC, and that winter temperatures could rise by 5-8 oC. These would be the largest and most rapid changes in our climate of the last 100,000 years.1 Manitoba and Climate Change: A Primer (2001) predicts that Mani ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.