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... autonomous energy efficiency improvements, and decarbonization of energy use (autonomous carbon efficiency improvements), as well as by emissions of carbon dioxide from land use change, methane emissions, and nitrous oxide emissions. The scenarios of economic and population growth are perturbed by t ...
... autonomous energy efficiency improvements, and decarbonization of energy use (autonomous carbon efficiency improvements), as well as by emissions of carbon dioxide from land use change, methane emissions, and nitrous oxide emissions. The scenarios of economic and population growth are perturbed by t ...
TOL/Yohe
... • Anderson‘s Analysis lacks the possible effects of higher energy prices, which will reduce energy demand w/o climate policies. (overestimating the costs) • Does not include the impacts on economic growth (underestimating) • Not include impacts on capital stock turnover (major factor in emission red ...
... • Anderson‘s Analysis lacks the possible effects of higher energy prices, which will reduce energy demand w/o climate policies. (overestimating the costs) • Does not include the impacts on economic growth (underestimating) • Not include impacts on capital stock turnover (major factor in emission red ...
Landscape Heritage, Biosphere Change, Climate Change
... to land that is managed by humans but not cultivated in the sense of being ploughed, or having the surface broken up or planted with non-local plants. Wilderness is a natural landscape in which the effects of human intervention are entirely absent or minimal. ‘Cultivated Rural Landscapes’ refers to ...
... to land that is managed by humans but not cultivated in the sense of being ploughed, or having the surface broken up or planted with non-local plants. Wilderness is a natural landscape in which the effects of human intervention are entirely absent or minimal. ‘Cultivated Rural Landscapes’ refers to ...
Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change for the
... southeastern Texas over the past few decades. Chinese tallow increased by a factor of 30 between 1981 and 1995,often out-competing native species when canopy gaps form in mesic (medium moisture) and wet sites (Harcombe,et.al.,1998). These kinds of interactions and changes in forest dynamics are diff ...
... southeastern Texas over the past few decades. Chinese tallow increased by a factor of 30 between 1981 and 1995,often out-competing native species when canopy gaps form in mesic (medium moisture) and wet sites (Harcombe,et.al.,1998). These kinds of interactions and changes in forest dynamics are diff ...
Presentation
... Continuation of Questions relating to: protection of telecommunication installations in order to reduce damages and achieve safety of telecom personnel and users of telecom services. achieve EMC of telecommunication installations and safety of telecom personnel and population against electromagnetic ...
... Continuation of Questions relating to: protection of telecommunication installations in order to reduce damages and achieve safety of telecom personnel and users of telecom services. achieve EMC of telecommunication installations and safety of telecom personnel and population against electromagnetic ...
Greenland
... • Greenland is the world’s largest island, consisting of 80% ice. It contains 10% of the world’s total supply of fresh water. • Arctic temperatures are rising twice as fast as elsewhere in the world. Average temperatures in this area have risen 2.7˚F over the past 30 years and may soon rise by up ...
... • Greenland is the world’s largest island, consisting of 80% ice. It contains 10% of the world’s total supply of fresh water. • Arctic temperatures are rising twice as fast as elsewhere in the world. Average temperatures in this area have risen 2.7˚F over the past 30 years and may soon rise by up ...
Global Climate Change and Biodiversity
... The EU-funded ATEAM project (http://www.pik-potsdam.de/ateam) is taking forward a methodology for vulnerability assessment, bringing all these factors together. Dialogue between scientists and stakeholders is central to the process. Multiple scenarios of change in climate, land use and nitrogen depo ...
... The EU-funded ATEAM project (http://www.pik-potsdam.de/ateam) is taking forward a methodology for vulnerability assessment, bringing all these factors together. Dialogue between scientists and stakeholders is central to the process. Multiple scenarios of change in climate, land use and nitrogen depo ...
Internally and Externally Caused Climate Change
... compiled for large portions of the globe for about the past 100 years (Mitchell, 1961; Budyko, 1969). They show that the Northern Hemisphere annual mean temperature has risen about 1°C from 1880 to about 1940 and has fallen about O.soC since then (Figs. 1-3). Various attempts to simulate this temper ...
... compiled for large portions of the globe for about the past 100 years (Mitchell, 1961; Budyko, 1969). They show that the Northern Hemisphere annual mean temperature has risen about 1°C from 1880 to about 1940 and has fallen about O.soC since then (Figs. 1-3). Various attempts to simulate this temper ...
full text ( 360kb) - USF College of Marine Science
... found in the Byrd ice core (Johnsen et al., 1972). The Orca Basin data do not appear to track Greenland air temperatures. Gulf of Mexico warming while the North Atlantic remained cold is consistent with weakened cross-equatorial heat transport (e.g., Manabe and Stouffer, 1997) and may indicate that ...
... found in the Byrd ice core (Johnsen et al., 1972). The Orca Basin data do not appear to track Greenland air temperatures. Gulf of Mexico warming while the North Atlantic remained cold is consistent with weakened cross-equatorial heat transport (e.g., Manabe and Stouffer, 1997) and may indicate that ...
The paradox of Anthony Giddens
... not a professional politician; instead, he’s a writer and a thinker (and will ever remain thus). He has a seemingly compulsive need to publish books, evident throughout his long career. In light of all this, one can see that he’s gradually become less a public intellectual and more of a policy intel ...
... not a professional politician; instead, he’s a writer and a thinker (and will ever remain thus). He has a seemingly compulsive need to publish books, evident throughout his long career. In light of all this, one can see that he’s gradually become less a public intellectual and more of a policy intel ...
Changes in extreme temperature and precipitation in the
... ABSTRACT: A workshop was held in Casablanca, Morocco, in March 2012, to enhance knowledge of climate extremes and their changes in the Arab region. This workshop initiated intensive data compilation activities of daily observational weather station data from the Arab region. After conducting careful ...
... ABSTRACT: A workshop was held in Casablanca, Morocco, in March 2012, to enhance knowledge of climate extremes and their changes in the Arab region. This workshop initiated intensive data compilation activities of daily observational weather station data from the Arab region. After conducting careful ...
Uncertainties in future projections of extreme precipitation in the
... To assess the range of projections in the regional distribution of Indian summer monsoon subseasonal rainfall extremes at time of CO2 doubling, we calculate various upper percentiles at each gridpoint and for each season, before averaging over the number of available years. We emphasize that in this ...
... To assess the range of projections in the regional distribution of Indian summer monsoon subseasonal rainfall extremes at time of CO2 doubling, we calculate various upper percentiles at each gridpoint and for each season, before averaging over the number of available years. We emphasize that in this ...
Assessment Synthesis Slides OEWG 3Aug2011
... The impact of ozone hole on surface climate has become more evident. There are many influences on climate from the ozone hole. The Antarctic ozone hole has caused wind pattern changes in the Southern Hemisphere lower atmosphere. Because of these changes, for example, the surface climate has wa ...
... The impact of ozone hole on surface climate has become more evident. There are many influences on climate from the ozone hole. The Antarctic ozone hole has caused wind pattern changes in the Southern Hemisphere lower atmosphere. Because of these changes, for example, the surface climate has wa ...
1 - Utrecht University Repository
... with respect to the reference period. Only for the dry and warm scenario a decrease (−5%) in runoff is projected (Fig. 1) primarily resulting from a precipitation decrease (Supplementary Fig. 7). For RCP8.5 three ensemble members project a 2–8% increase in runoff whereas the dry and warm scenario pr ...
... with respect to the reference period. Only for the dry and warm scenario a decrease (−5%) in runoff is projected (Fig. 1) primarily resulting from a precipitation decrease (Supplementary Fig. 7). For RCP8.5 three ensemble members project a 2–8% increase in runoff whereas the dry and warm scenario pr ...
eastern US - American Meteorological Society
... affect growth over multiple consecutive growing seasons. These low-frequency effects on tree growth often cause autocorrelation within RWI records. To isolate only year-to-year variability in the ring-width record, this autoregressive component is often removed prior to analysis in tree-ring studies ...
... affect growth over multiple consecutive growing seasons. These low-frequency effects on tree growth often cause autocorrelation within RWI records. To isolate only year-to-year variability in the ring-width record, this autoregressive component is often removed prior to analysis in tree-ring studies ...
Climate change and livestock production in Ethiopia
... communities engaged in extensive livestock production systems in dry-lands (Saidu and Omedo, 2010). According to ONRS (2011), climate change and variability in Ethiopia poses particular risks to poor farmers and pastoralists who have an immediate daily dependence on climate sensitive livelihoods and ...
... communities engaged in extensive livestock production systems in dry-lands (Saidu and Omedo, 2010). According to ONRS (2011), climate change and variability in Ethiopia poses particular risks to poor farmers and pastoralists who have an immediate daily dependence on climate sensitive livelihoods and ...
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LARGE SCALE OCEAN
... In the Atlantic at 25°N (roughly between the Canaries and the Bahamas) there is a northward transport of heat of 1.3 PW (1 PW is 10 to the power 15 Watts, which is roughly the same as the power output from one million power stations). The heat transport is a balance of the northward flow of a warm ...
... In the Atlantic at 25°N (roughly between the Canaries and the Bahamas) there is a northward transport of heat of 1.3 PW (1 PW is 10 to the power 15 Watts, which is roughly the same as the power output from one million power stations). The heat transport is a balance of the northward flow of a warm ...
Environment and Development (UNCED)
... 10 cm per decade. This could lead to as much as a 1-meter rise in sea level by 2100. If greenhouse gases are reduced or stabilized by 2030, the level of change would still be an estimated 44cm by 2100, because of the lag between warming in the atmosphere and its effect on the oceans. (IPCC, 1990a) T ...
... 10 cm per decade. This could lead to as much as a 1-meter rise in sea level by 2100. If greenhouse gases are reduced or stabilized by 2030, the level of change would still be an estimated 44cm by 2100, because of the lag between warming in the atmosphere and its effect on the oceans. (IPCC, 1990a) T ...
A ricardian analysis of the distribution of climate change impacts on
... data from satellites operated by the Department of Defense (Basist et al. 2001). The Defense Department uses a set of polar orbiting satellites that pass above each location on earth between 6am and 6pm every day. These satellites are equipped with sensors that measure surface temperature by detecti ...
... data from satellites operated by the Department of Defense (Basist et al. 2001). The Defense Department uses a set of polar orbiting satellites that pass above each location on earth between 6am and 6pm every day. These satellites are equipped with sensors that measure surface temperature by detecti ...
Resilience
... adaptive strategies. We deal with the adaptation of the integrated social-ecological system, and we analyze change through the lens of resilience. To clarify our terminology, we use the term “adaptive” in the usual evolutionary ecological sense to mean any response that increases a population's prob ...
... adaptive strategies. We deal with the adaptation of the integrated social-ecological system, and we analyze change through the lens of resilience. To clarify our terminology, we use the term “adaptive” in the usual evolutionary ecological sense to mean any response that increases a population's prob ...
Extreme Weather and Climate Change
... normal range of weather intensity. It is therefore, by definition, infrequent or rare. Extreme weather is also potentially destructive, although not all extreme weather events end in disasters. For some weather events, the idea of what constitutes an extreme can vary from place to place. It often de ...
... normal range of weather intensity. It is therefore, by definition, infrequent or rare. Extreme weather is also potentially destructive, although not all extreme weather events end in disasters. For some weather events, the idea of what constitutes an extreme can vary from place to place. It often de ...
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... Nordhaus (1993, 2010), for example, formalize the impact of global warming as a multiplicative reduction of economic output which is produced by a standard neoclassical production function. The prevalent approach of summing up the damages from bottom up studies into one aggregate damage function whi ...
... Nordhaus (1993, 2010), for example, formalize the impact of global warming as a multiplicative reduction of economic output which is produced by a standard neoclassical production function. The prevalent approach of summing up the damages from bottom up studies into one aggregate damage function whi ...
An investigation into the impact of science communication and
... Climate Change Skepticism Scale. No statistically significant difference was identified in overall CCSS scores by level of cognitive strain, χ2(1)=0.335, p=0.563, with a mean rank score of 61.08 for the non-strained group and 64.83 for the strained group. No statistically significant difference was ...
... Climate Change Skepticism Scale. No statistically significant difference was identified in overall CCSS scores by level of cognitive strain, χ2(1)=0.335, p=0.563, with a mean rank score of 61.08 for the non-strained group and 64.83 for the strained group. No statistically significant difference was ...
Future Climate in the Yellowstone National Park Region and Its
... taxa (Overpeck et al. 1991; Huntley et al. 1995). Relationships between present distributions of tree taxa and climate were established on a 25-km grid covering North America by interpolating present climate and by digitizing species range maps from Little (1971) onto the grid. We used “response sur ...
... taxa (Overpeck et al. 1991; Huntley et al. 1995). Relationships between present distributions of tree taxa and climate were established on a 25-km grid covering North America by interpolating present climate and by digitizing species range maps from Little (1971) onto the grid. We used “response sur ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.