Yesterday`s dinner, tomorrow`s weather, today`s news? US
... nutritional public health community can play an important role in communication and can take advantage of ‘co-benefits’ in opportunities to improve nutrition and mitigate climate change through individual and social food choices. To better shape and improve communication efforts, we need to understa ...
... nutritional public health community can play an important role in communication and can take advantage of ‘co-benefits’ in opportunities to improve nutrition and mitigate climate change through individual and social food choices. To better shape and improve communication efforts, we need to understa ...
Understanding the Links between Climate Change and Development
... product (GDP), at least in poor countries. An examination of year-to-year variations in temperature (relative to a country’s average) shows that anomalously warm years reduce both the current level and subsequent growth rate of GDP in developing countries.19 Consecutive warm years might be expecte ...
... product (GDP), at least in poor countries. An examination of year-to-year variations in temperature (relative to a country’s average) shows that anomalously warm years reduce both the current level and subsequent growth rate of GDP in developing countries.19 Consecutive warm years might be expecte ...
GSA presentation 2012
... significant risks for – and in many cases is already affecting – a broad range of human and natural systems.” ...
... significant risks for – and in many cases is already affecting – a broad range of human and natural systems.” ...
litreview12forword_wm_review_9feb2012
... December 2009. It uses the CRU TS 2.1 data set (CRU), which is a database of monthly climatic variables constructed from observational data [Mitchell and Jones, 2005] and interpolated to a 0.5◦ grid. Due to the relative scarcity of the observational stations network in West Africa, compared to Europ ...
... December 2009. It uses the CRU TS 2.1 data set (CRU), which is a database of monthly climatic variables constructed from observational data [Mitchell and Jones, 2005] and interpolated to a 0.5◦ grid. Due to the relative scarcity of the observational stations network in West Africa, compared to Europ ...
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... profound consequences for ecosystems. Paleolimnological investigations of remote mountain lakes can provide details of past environmental change, especially where monitoring data are absent. Here, we reconstruct fossil diatom and chironomid communities spanning the last several hundred years from an ...
... profound consequences for ecosystems. Paleolimnological investigations of remote mountain lakes can provide details of past environmental change, especially where monitoring data are absent. Here, we reconstruct fossil diatom and chironomid communities spanning the last several hundred years from an ...
Assessing the effects of climate and volcanism on diatom and
... profound consequences for ecosystems. Paleolimnological investigations of remote mountain lakes can provide details of past environmental change, especially where monitoring data are absent. Here, we reconstruct fossil diatom and chironomid communities spanning the last several hundred years from an ...
... profound consequences for ecosystems. Paleolimnological investigations of remote mountain lakes can provide details of past environmental change, especially where monitoring data are absent. Here, we reconstruct fossil diatom and chironomid communities spanning the last several hundred years from an ...
Heat capacity, time constant, and sensitivity of Earth`s climate system
... [2] Changes in Earth’s radiation budget due to human influences are of major current concern [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007]. Of principal concern is the change in climate due to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide because of the long lifetime of excess CO2 in the atm ...
... [2] Changes in Earth’s radiation budget due to human influences are of major current concern [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2007]. Of principal concern is the change in climate due to increased concentrations of carbon dioxide because of the long lifetime of excess CO2 in the atm ...
Climate change impacts, adaptive capacity, and
... photosynthesis rates, but vary with plant nitrogen status and species (Saxe et al., 1998; Norby et al., 1999; Ainsworth and Long, 2005). For example, mature Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petratea responded more than Carpinus betulus, Prunus avium, and Tilia platyphyllos in a central European free air ...
... photosynthesis rates, but vary with plant nitrogen status and species (Saxe et al., 1998; Norby et al., 1999; Ainsworth and Long, 2005). For example, mature Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petratea responded more than Carpinus betulus, Prunus avium, and Tilia platyphyllos in a central European free air ...
Alberto Montanari - University of Bologna
... suggest that global sea level did not change significantly: the average rate of change from 2000 years ago to about 100 years ago is near zero. • Although regional variability in coastal sea level change had been reported from tide gauge analyses, the global coverage of satellite altimetry provides ...
... suggest that global sea level did not change significantly: the average rate of change from 2000 years ago to about 100 years ago is near zero. • Although regional variability in coastal sea level change had been reported from tide gauge analyses, the global coverage of satellite altimetry provides ...
Climate Change Policy
... These climate change risks and opportunities have the potential to impact investment risks and returns and as such, considering these issues alongside traditional financial and business risk factors in making investment decisions can improve long-term risk-adjusted returns to members. In this way, ...
... These climate change risks and opportunities have the potential to impact investment risks and returns and as such, considering these issues alongside traditional financial and business risk factors in making investment decisions can improve long-term risk-adjusted returns to members. In this way, ...
Sahelian climate
... al. (2002) reveals that the intraseasonal migration of rainfall maxima is a discontinuous and nonlinear process with three main phases: (i) the preonset or arrival of the intertropical front (ITF) at 15ºN in May, bringing enough moisture for isolated convective system to develop over the Sahel; (ii) ...
... al. (2002) reveals that the intraseasonal migration of rainfall maxima is a discontinuous and nonlinear process with three main phases: (i) the preonset or arrival of the intertropical front (ITF) at 15ºN in May, bringing enough moisture for isolated convective system to develop over the Sahel; (ii) ...
Forecasting the End of Climate Change Litigation: Why Expert
... adverse consequence of climate change9 is rising sea levels.10 The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC)11 has noted that “[o]bservations since 1961 show that the average temperature of the global ocean has increased to depths of at least 3000 m and that the ocean has been absorbing more ...
... adverse consequence of climate change9 is rising sea levels.10 The Intergovernmental Panel On Climate Change (IPCC)11 has noted that “[o]bservations since 1961 show that the average temperature of the global ocean has increased to depths of at least 3000 m and that the ocean has been absorbing more ...
Toward Climate Resilience - Union of Concerned Scientists
... capabilities necessary to prevent, protect against, and ameliorate negative effects (USGCRP 2016). Risk. The potential for consequences to life, health and safety, the environment, economic well-being, and other things of value when the outcome is uncertain. Risks are often evaluated in terms of how ...
... capabilities necessary to prevent, protect against, and ameliorate negative effects (USGCRP 2016). Risk. The potential for consequences to life, health and safety, the environment, economic well-being, and other things of value when the outcome is uncertain. Risks are often evaluated in terms of how ...
Climate change impacts on Australia`s alpine ecosystems
... In one large-scale study, areas with greater summer snowdrift persistence had a lower number and diversity of vascular plants (Edmonds et al. 2006). However, loss of this habitat under global warming is likely to result in diminution of plant species associated with persistent summer snow (Edmonds e ...
... In one large-scale study, areas with greater summer snowdrift persistence had a lower number and diversity of vascular plants (Edmonds et al. 2006). However, loss of this habitat under global warming is likely to result in diminution of plant species associated with persistent summer snow (Edmonds e ...
Response of subarctic vegetation to transient climatic change on the
... Blackwell Science Ltd, Global Change Biology, 6, 541±555 ...
... Blackwell Science Ltd, Global Change Biology, 6, 541±555 ...
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... niche models and as a complement to model projections (Hallegatte et al., 2007). The approach proposes that for most target locations on earth, the projected future climate can already be observed today, albeit in another location (Arnbjerg-Nielsen, 2012). In analogue analysis, the projected future ...
... niche models and as a complement to model projections (Hallegatte et al., 2007). The approach proposes that for most target locations on earth, the projected future climate can already be observed today, albeit in another location (Arnbjerg-Nielsen, 2012). In analogue analysis, the projected future ...
An updated view of tipping points and the relevance for long
... (2011), and it has been approximately 2 years (18 months) since the submission deadlines for literature for the IPCC AR5 working group I (working group II); the corresponding deadlines for acceptance of literature were 18 months (1 year) ago. The key findings are summarised in Table 1. Overall, this ...
... (2011), and it has been approximately 2 years (18 months) since the submission deadlines for literature for the IPCC AR5 working group I (working group II); the corresponding deadlines for acceptance of literature were 18 months (1 year) ago. The key findings are summarised in Table 1. Overall, this ...
Altai Sayan Ecoregion
... During the last century the change in surface air temperature for January in the ecoregion amounted to approximately 3 4 OC. This means that the warming that occurred in winter was 6 times higher as compared with the warming that occurred on a global basis, while summer tempera tures increased ins ...
... During the last century the change in surface air temperature for January in the ecoregion amounted to approximately 3 4 OC. This means that the warming that occurred in winter was 6 times higher as compared with the warming that occurred on a global basis, while summer tempera tures increased ins ...
crTanzania - University of York File Library
... Communication, Vice-President’s Office, 2003) and a 2003 report by OECD. While OECD predicts an average annual increase of 2.2°C by 2100, Tanzanian Initial National Communication predicts mean annual temperatures to rise by 3-5°C by 2075. Both studies agree, however, that the rise in temperature wil ...
... Communication, Vice-President’s Office, 2003) and a 2003 report by OECD. While OECD predicts an average annual increase of 2.2°C by 2100, Tanzanian Initial National Communication predicts mean annual temperatures to rise by 3-5°C by 2075. Both studies agree, however, that the rise in temperature wil ...
Assessing the Effect of Rising Temperatures
... a 1-in-20 risk that demand rises over 12%. Across the Middle Atlantic – the region with the highest median jump in demand - we find likely increases of 4-15%, with a 1-in-20 risk of an over 20% increase in electricity demand across the region on average by 2040. Even under a low global greenhouse ga ...
... a 1-in-20 risk that demand rises over 12%. Across the Middle Atlantic – the region with the highest median jump in demand - we find likely increases of 4-15%, with a 1-in-20 risk of an over 20% increase in electricity demand across the region on average by 2040. Even under a low global greenhouse ga ...
A blind expert test of contrarian claims about climate data
... 2010)—climate scientists’ rejection of contrarian claims may not be considered strong evidence by a notable segment of the public (Lewandowsky et al., 2013a,b; Smith and Leiserowitz, 2012). The present article therefore reports a blind expert test of contrarian claims about climate data. Blind exper ...
... 2010)—climate scientists’ rejection of contrarian claims may not be considered strong evidence by a notable segment of the public (Lewandowsky et al., 2013a,b; Smith and Leiserowitz, 2012). The present article therefore reports a blind expert test of contrarian claims about climate data. Blind exper ...
The influence of dynamic vegetation on the present
... includes tropospheric chemistry and an interactive terrestrial and oceanic carbon cycle), to investigate whether such components affect the way in which the monsoon changes. We focus particularly on the role of interactive vegetation in the simulations from these model configurations. Using an atmos ...
... includes tropospheric chemistry and an interactive terrestrial and oceanic carbon cycle), to investigate whether such components affect the way in which the monsoon changes. We focus particularly on the role of interactive vegetation in the simulations from these model configurations. Using an atmos ...
From convergence to contention: United States mass media representations of
... may be a way of counteracting society’s currently excessive reliance on technical assessment and the displacement of explicit values-based arguments from public life. However, when this occurs without the benefit of a clear understanding of the importance of the substantial areas where scientists do ...
... may be a way of counteracting society’s currently excessive reliance on technical assessment and the displacement of explicit values-based arguments from public life. However, when this occurs without the benefit of a clear understanding of the importance of the substantial areas where scientists do ...
Understanding and predicting the combined effects of climate
... from 2006 to 2031, its population is expected to grow from 28 to 44 million people and 754 000 additional dwellings will be required (OUM 2009). Predicted population increases in the region are likely to further impact on the ecological health of its waterways. Projected changes in climate will th ...
... from 2006 to 2031, its population is expected to grow from 28 to 44 million people and 754 000 additional dwellings will be required (OUM 2009). Predicted population increases in the region are likely to further impact on the ecological health of its waterways. Projected changes in climate will th ...
SEACAMd
... • Medium confidence in an moderate increase in rainfall over continental Southeast Asia. • To the south there is generally a drying although this may not be significant relative to the natural decadal variations in this region. ...
... • Medium confidence in an moderate increase in rainfall over continental Southeast Asia. • To the south there is generally a drying although this may not be significant relative to the natural decadal variations in this region. ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.