Assessment of climate change impact on hydrological extremes in
... temperature for both catchments under study were obtained from specific meteorological stations within the catchments. The period 1961–2000 was taken as the baseline period that represents the current condition, while the 2050s (2046– 2065) were considered for the future climate scenario. Observed d ...
... temperature for both catchments under study were obtained from specific meteorological stations within the catchments. The period 1961–2000 was taken as the baseline period that represents the current condition, while the 2050s (2046– 2065) were considered for the future climate scenario. Observed d ...
Global changes in seasonal means and extremes of precipitation
... [2] Changes in extreme weather and climate events have significant impacts and are among the most serious challenges to society in coping with a changing climate [U.S. Climate Change Science Program, 2008]. Indeed, “confidence has increased that some extremes will become more frequent, more widespre ...
... [2] Changes in extreme weather and climate events have significant impacts and are among the most serious challenges to society in coping with a changing climate [U.S. Climate Change Science Program, 2008]. Indeed, “confidence has increased that some extremes will become more frequent, more widespre ...
Global and regional climate changes due to black carbon
... significant enhancement of lower atmosphere (from the surface to about 3 km altitude) solar heating, by as much as 50% in the hotspots (that is, regions with 15 W m–2 forcing) (see Fig. 1b). Direct measurement of this solar heating has evaded us until now as it requires multiple aircraft flying over ...
... significant enhancement of lower atmosphere (from the surface to about 3 km altitude) solar heating, by as much as 50% in the hotspots (that is, regions with 15 W m–2 forcing) (see Fig. 1b). Direct measurement of this solar heating has evaded us until now as it requires multiple aircraft flying over ...
Establishing Accountability for Climate Change Damages: Lessons
... Humphrey, made it a goal from the start of the lawsuit to use the process of legal discovery to gain access to Philip Morris’s internal documents and make them part of the public domain. Walburn noted that Humphrey was mocked and scorned by many of his colleagues for this emphasis, but it proved cri ...
... Humphrey, made it a goal from the start of the lawsuit to use the process of legal discovery to gain access to Philip Morris’s internal documents and make them part of the public domain. Walburn noted that Humphrey was mocked and scorned by many of his colleagues for this emphasis, but it proved cri ...
Mean, interannual variability and trends in a regional climate
... water vapor loadings. In summer, a decrease in precipitation is found over most of western and southern Europe in response to a blocking-like anticyclonic circulation over the northeastern Atlantic which deflects summer storms northward. The precipitation changes in the intermediate seasons (spring a ...
... water vapor loadings. In summer, a decrease in precipitation is found over most of western and southern Europe in response to a blocking-like anticyclonic circulation over the northeastern Atlantic which deflects summer storms northward. The precipitation changes in the intermediate seasons (spring a ...
Chapter 7 CLIMATE CHANGE, SOCIAL POLICY AND GLOBAL
... distance between the preventive programme and the beneficial outcome is relatively close in time and in space facilitating collective counter-measures. However others are ‘transboundary’, crossing or spilling over country borders. O’Neill (2009: 34-36) distinguishes eleven major groups here: climate ...
... distance between the preventive programme and the beneficial outcome is relatively close in time and in space facilitating collective counter-measures. However others are ‘transboundary’, crossing or spilling over country borders. O’Neill (2009: 34-36) distinguishes eleven major groups here: climate ...
Beyond generic adaptive capacity: exploring the adaptation space of
... stability and management resources. Smit et al. (2001: 879) argue that “[an] enhancement of adaptive capacity reduces vulnerabilities” Developments over the last decade have however shown that possessing high adaptive capacity based on these metrics may not in itself necessarily lead to a reduction ...
... stability and management resources. Smit et al. (2001: 879) argue that “[an] enhancement of adaptive capacity reduces vulnerabilities” Developments over the last decade have however shown that possessing high adaptive capacity based on these metrics may not in itself necessarily lead to a reduction ...
Combined biogeophysical and biogeochemical
... Studies of the net effect of historical land cover change on global temperature have shown that biogeophysical and biogeochemical mechanisms are of the same order of magnitude (Matthews et al., 2004; Brovkin et al., 2006). Therefore, in order to quantifiy the impacts of large scale land cover change ...
... Studies of the net effect of historical land cover change on global temperature have shown that biogeophysical and biogeochemical mechanisms are of the same order of magnitude (Matthews et al., 2004; Brovkin et al., 2006). Therefore, in order to quantifiy the impacts of large scale land cover change ...
The Abrahamic Religions and Climate Change - e
... rise in the sea level, for example, can create extremely serious situations, if we consider that a quarter of the world’s population lives on the coast or nearby, and that the majority of our megacities are situated in coastal areas (§24). For Pope Francis, climate change persists as “one of the pri ...
... rise in the sea level, for example, can create extremely serious situations, if we consider that a quarter of the world’s population lives on the coast or nearby, and that the majority of our megacities are situated in coastal areas (§24). For Pope Francis, climate change persists as “one of the pri ...
Rapid climate variability during warm and cold periods in
... conducted on these deep ice cores offer temporal resolutions of typically 4 yr during the Holocene [23] and 50 yr during the last glacial period. Until a new precise dating of NorthGRIP can be derived from ongoing high-resolution continuous optical and chemical measurements, a preliminary common tim ...
... conducted on these deep ice cores offer temporal resolutions of typically 4 yr during the Holocene [23] and 50 yr during the last glacial period. Until a new precise dating of NorthGRIP can be derived from ongoing high-resolution continuous optical and chemical measurements, a preliminary common tim ...
6. Climate change in the Arctic: A discussion of the impact on
... happen before 2090. To what extent and when the climate effects will become visible depend on how the Arctic adapts to climate change. Climate change in the Arctic might make some economic activities in the region more profitable and others less profitable or non-viable. As an example of the former, ...
... happen before 2090. To what extent and when the climate effects will become visible depend on how the Arctic adapts to climate change. Climate change in the Arctic might make some economic activities in the region more profitable and others less profitable or non-viable. As an example of the former, ...
Global change and marine communities: Alien species and climate
... include vertical stability of the water column and upwelling. Changes in atmospheric circulation might also change storm frequency and precipitation patterns and alter circulation (Astraldi et al., 1995), and hence the dispersion routes of introduced species. Together, increases in global mean tempe ...
... include vertical stability of the water column and upwelling. Changes in atmospheric circulation might also change storm frequency and precipitation patterns and alter circulation (Astraldi et al., 1995), and hence the dispersion routes of introduced species. Together, increases in global mean tempe ...
Climatic Change --Manuscript Draft--
... estimates using as weights the area of each grid cell within a county. Daily county-level estimates of all-source PM2.5 were calculated using the same method. To characterize prolonged air pollution episodes from wildfires, we defined the term “Smoke Wave” (SW) as >2 consecutive days with wildfire-s ...
... estimates using as weights the area of each grid cell within a county. Daily county-level estimates of all-source PM2.5 were calculated using the same method. To characterize prolonged air pollution episodes from wildfires, we defined the term “Smoke Wave” (SW) as >2 consecutive days with wildfire-s ...
A PRIMER ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN THE
... Home to over two billion people living in some 100 countries, drylands cover almost 40 per cent of the world’s land area. While not as arid as deserts, drylands are characterized by their limited water supply, low and highly variable rainfall, and recurrent drought (IUCN, 2003). It is estimated that ...
... Home to over two billion people living in some 100 countries, drylands cover almost 40 per cent of the world’s land area. While not as arid as deserts, drylands are characterized by their limited water supply, low and highly variable rainfall, and recurrent drought (IUCN, 2003). It is estimated that ...
Potential Threats from Climate Change to Human
... people, who are dependent on the biological resources. Realising the importance of mountains as ecosystems of crucial significance, the Convention on Biological Diversity specifically developed a Programme of Work on Mountain Biodiversity in 2004 aimed at reducing the loss of mountain biological div ...
... people, who are dependent on the biological resources. Realising the importance of mountains as ecosystems of crucial significance, the Convention on Biological Diversity specifically developed a Programme of Work on Mountain Biodiversity in 2004 aimed at reducing the loss of mountain biological div ...
Motivated for Action and Collaboration
... rise in the sea level, for example, can create extremely serious situations, if we consider that a quarter of the world’s population lives on the coast or nearby, and that the majority of our megacities are situated in coastal areas (§24). For Pope Francis, climate change persists as “one of the pri ...
... rise in the sea level, for example, can create extremely serious situations, if we consider that a quarter of the world’s population lives on the coast or nearby, and that the majority of our megacities are situated in coastal areas (§24). For Pope Francis, climate change persists as “one of the pri ...
PDF
... description of all model variables and sources can be found in appendix A. Farm level data is linked with the regional data on district level using NUTS3. In order to generate estimates of coefficients that are less sensitive to outliers we use a median regression. Furthermore, we weight each observ ...
... description of all model variables and sources can be found in appendix A. Farm level data is linked with the regional data on district level using NUTS3. In order to generate estimates of coefficients that are less sensitive to outliers we use a median regression. Furthermore, we weight each observ ...
Draft Interim Climate Change Guidelines
... as antecedent wetness, baseflow, tailwater levels and oceanic processes (e.g. wind, waves and tides) are not considered. Recommended Procedure for Design Flood Estimation and Planning in Australia A six-step procedure for the incorporation of climate change in flood designs or planning decisions wil ...
... as antecedent wetness, baseflow, tailwater levels and oceanic processes (e.g. wind, waves and tides) are not considered. Recommended Procedure for Design Flood Estimation and Planning in Australia A six-step procedure for the incorporation of climate change in flood designs or planning decisions wil ...
From Impacts Towards Adaptation—Mississippi Watershed
... Warming of the climate system is unequivocal and recent warming is very likely due to humans. Climate is and will continue to change irrespective of initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: even if global emissions could be capped tomorrow at 2000 levels an additio ...
... Warming of the climate system is unequivocal and recent warming is very likely due to humans. Climate is and will continue to change irrespective of initiatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: even if global emissions could be capped tomorrow at 2000 levels an additio ...
Apocalypse soon? Dire messages reduce belief in global warming by
... A total of 45 (10 male, 34 female, and 1 did not indicate) participants were recruited to the study via an advertisement posted on the Craigslist.org websites of 30 different American cities. The recruitment advertisement offered a chance to win a new iPod or $50 gift certificate in exchange for par ...
... A total of 45 (10 male, 34 female, and 1 did not indicate) participants were recruited to the study via an advertisement posted on the Craigslist.org websites of 30 different American cities. The recruitment advertisement offered a chance to win a new iPod or $50 gift certificate in exchange for par ...
Poverty and climate change: assessing impacts in developing
... will affect the frequency of extreme weather events and how particular regions will be drastically affected by even small temperature increases. It is known that both temperature increases and precipitation changes will vary from region to region, affecting higher and lower latitudes differently. Du ...
... will affect the frequency of extreme weather events and how particular regions will be drastically affected by even small temperature increases. It is known that both temperature increases and precipitation changes will vary from region to region, affecting higher and lower latitudes differently. Du ...
Impact of Climate Change on Indian Agriculture: A Review
... and the farmers have to apply more fertilizers to get the same yield, they were getting with less fertilizers 20–30 years ago. Climate change will further affect soil conditions. Changes in temperature and in precipitation patterns and amount will influence soil water content, run-off and erosion, s ...
... and the farmers have to apply more fertilizers to get the same yield, they were getting with less fertilizers 20–30 years ago. Climate change will further affect soil conditions. Changes in temperature and in precipitation patterns and amount will influence soil water content, run-off and erosion, s ...
Metabolic theory explains latitudinal variation in common carp
... fish population responses to climate change. To understand how climate change may alter freshwater fish life history, we measured population characteristics (e.g., recruitment, growth, body size, and mortality) of 21 North American common carp Cyprinus carpio populations spanning a latitudinal gradi ...
... fish population responses to climate change. To understand how climate change may alter freshwater fish life history, we measured population characteristics (e.g., recruitment, growth, body size, and mortality) of 21 North American common carp Cyprinus carpio populations spanning a latitudinal gradi ...
- Pacific Disaster Net
... these resources and they have been around for a long time providing various services to these same communities. An example of a service is shoreline protection. Climate change poses threats to communities which do not have shoreline protection, threats so devastating which can leave communities or c ...
... these resources and they have been around for a long time providing various services to these same communities. An example of a service is shoreline protection. Climate change poses threats to communities which do not have shoreline protection, threats so devastating which can leave communities or c ...
Problems with making and governing global kinds of knowledge
... Subjecting scientific knowledge to geographical enquiry helps us to distinguish between the universalising drive of scientific enquiry and what I call here the instinct to make global kinds of knowledge. Universal knowledge claims to be ‘true’ irrespective of scale and place, for example our understan ...
... Subjecting scientific knowledge to geographical enquiry helps us to distinguish between the universalising drive of scientific enquiry and what I call here the instinct to make global kinds of knowledge. Universal knowledge claims to be ‘true’ irrespective of scale and place, for example our understan ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.