Module 1: Review of General and Organic Chemistry
... glucose + ATP glucose-6-phosphate + ADP A form of hexokinase called hexokinase D has a KM for glucose of 0.1 mM; the form called glucokinase has a KM for glucose of 10 mM. Normal blood glucose level is 4-5 mM. e. Will either isozyme work near its maximal rate under normal blood glucose levels? If ...
... glucose + ATP glucose-6-phosphate + ADP A form of hexokinase called hexokinase D has a KM for glucose of 0.1 mM; the form called glucokinase has a KM for glucose of 10 mM. Normal blood glucose level is 4-5 mM. e. Will either isozyme work near its maximal rate under normal blood glucose levels? If ...
Biochemistry I, Spring Term 2000 - Third Exam
... Note: The concentration difference gives the same amount of free energy difference for protons and phosphate ions. In both cases it would be favorable for the proton or the phosphate to diffuse back into the cell. In the case of the electrostatic contribution, the effect is just the opposite. Not su ...
... Note: The concentration difference gives the same amount of free energy difference for protons and phosphate ions. In both cases it would be favorable for the proton or the phosphate to diffuse back into the cell. In the case of the electrostatic contribution, the effect is just the opposite. Not su ...
Biochemical Pathways – Legends General Remarks for
... Intermediates are likely D-galacturonolactone and L-galactonolactone. The latter compound, in turn, is oxidized by galactonolactone dehydrogenase or L-galactonolactone oxidase. RNA-directed RNA polymerase (replicase) is active in RNA-virus infected cells. Choline oxidase also oxidizes betaine aldehy ...
... Intermediates are likely D-galacturonolactone and L-galactonolactone. The latter compound, in turn, is oxidized by galactonolactone dehydrogenase or L-galactonolactone oxidase. RNA-directed RNA polymerase (replicase) is active in RNA-virus infected cells. Choline oxidase also oxidizes betaine aldehy ...
Section 2.5
... 1. Both contain carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. In glucose, the carbonyl group forms an aldehyde and in fructose, the carbonyl group forms a ketone. 2. (a) In animals, starch is used for energy and glycogen is used for energy storage. The orientation of the glucose–glucose linkages favours intrachain ...
... 1. Both contain carbonyl and hydroxyl groups. In glucose, the carbonyl group forms an aldehyde and in fructose, the carbonyl group forms a ketone. 2. (a) In animals, starch is used for energy and glycogen is used for energy storage. The orientation of the glucose–glucose linkages favours intrachain ...
KEY Glycolysis True or false. If false, indicate why 1. ____F___
... 5. ____T___ sugar + NAD+ pyruvate + NADH + 2 ATP represents glycolysis – approximate reaction! 6. ____T___ Glycolysis leads to fermentation in some bacteria and yeast 7. ___F____ Glycolysis involves an energy pay-off and then an energy investment phase 8. ____F___ A net of 4 ATP are produced in gl ...
... 5. ____T___ sugar + NAD+ pyruvate + NADH + 2 ATP represents glycolysis – approximate reaction! 6. ____T___ Glycolysis leads to fermentation in some bacteria and yeast 7. ___F____ Glycolysis involves an energy pay-off and then an energy investment phase 8. ____F___ A net of 4 ATP are produced in gl ...
1st bio 1 exam
... -Refer to the following five terms to answer the following questions. Choose the most appropriate term for each phrase. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lysosome B. tonoplast C. mitochondrion D. Golgi apparatus E. peroxisome 18) helps to recycle the cell's organic materi ...
... -Refer to the following five terms to answer the following questions. Choose the most appropriate term for each phrase. Each term may be used once, more than once, or not at all. A. lysosome B. tonoplast C. mitochondrion D. Golgi apparatus E. peroxisome 18) helps to recycle the cell's organic materi ...
Integration of Metabolism: Glucose Synthesis
... http://www.wiley.com/college/fob/quiz/quiz16/16-15.html ...
... http://www.wiley.com/college/fob/quiz/quiz16/16-15.html ...
Moonlighting and pleiotropy among regulators of the degradation
... cellular activity: the CSN promotes the function of a large family of ubiquitin E3 ligases known as CRLs, while the proteasome lid is required for ubiquitin hydrolysis from proteasome substrates before degradation. Both complexes determine the fate of hundreds of proteins, and therefore, malfunction ...
... cellular activity: the CSN promotes the function of a large family of ubiquitin E3 ligases known as CRLs, while the proteasome lid is required for ubiquitin hydrolysis from proteasome substrates before degradation. Both complexes determine the fate of hundreds of proteins, and therefore, malfunction ...
Cellular Respiration
... • The mitochondria are the engines of our cells where sugar is burned for fuel and the exhaust is CO2 and H2O. ...
... • The mitochondria are the engines of our cells where sugar is burned for fuel and the exhaust is CO2 and H2O. ...
Macromolecules Worksheet #2 - Bi-YOLO-gy
... Part E. Which food molecule (monosaccharide, polysaccharide, lipid, protein) would you eat if… 68. …you needed a quick boost of energy? ...
... Part E. Which food molecule (monosaccharide, polysaccharide, lipid, protein) would you eat if… 68. …you needed a quick boost of energy? ...
digestion of carbohydrates
... Only monosaccharides are absorbed by the intestine. Glucose has specific transporters: 1. Co-transport of glucose from Lumen to Intestinal Cell This process is mediated by Sodium Dependent Glucose Transporter-1 (SGluT-1) , which carries glucose along with sodium. This sodium is later expelled by the ...
... Only monosaccharides are absorbed by the intestine. Glucose has specific transporters: 1. Co-transport of glucose from Lumen to Intestinal Cell This process is mediated by Sodium Dependent Glucose Transporter-1 (SGluT-1) , which carries glucose along with sodium. This sodium is later expelled by the ...
Sample preparation and analytical strategies for
... for at least 30% of eukaryotic proteomes [22], and that approximately 100,000 sites could be present in human proteins [22,23]. Furthermore, the extent to which a site is phosphorylated is highly variable, and a large majority of sites identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have occupancies less than ...
... for at least 30% of eukaryotic proteomes [22], and that approximately 100,000 sites could be present in human proteins [22,23]. Furthermore, the extent to which a site is phosphorylated is highly variable, and a large majority of sites identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have occupancies less than ...
Bioenergetics - Eastern Michigan University
... The Krebs Cycle • pyruvate enters the Krebs from glycolysis • fatty acids also enter the Krebs cycle • together pyruvate and fatty acids drive the Krebs to produce a lot of ATP ...
... The Krebs Cycle • pyruvate enters the Krebs from glycolysis • fatty acids also enter the Krebs cycle • together pyruvate and fatty acids drive the Krebs to produce a lot of ATP ...
What Are Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
... As their name suggests, CDKs require the presence of cyclins to become active. Cyclins are a family of proteins that have no enzymatic activity of their own but activate CDKs by binding to them. CDKs must also be in a particular phosphorylation state — with some sites phosphorylated and others depho ...
... As their name suggests, CDKs require the presence of cyclins to become active. Cyclins are a family of proteins that have no enzymatic activity of their own but activate CDKs by binding to them. CDKs must also be in a particular phosphorylation state — with some sites phosphorylated and others depho ...
ReadingStudyGuide1.W97
... most energy (i.e. the greatest ATP yield)? Give the specific NET ATP yields for both metabolic pathways. 5. What are the stages of aerobic respiration? Briefly summarize the major events in each stage. 6. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? What chemical compound “enters” glycolysis (i.e. the s ...
... most energy (i.e. the greatest ATP yield)? Give the specific NET ATP yields for both metabolic pathways. 5. What are the stages of aerobic respiration? Briefly summarize the major events in each stage. 6. Where in the cell does glycolysis occur? What chemical compound “enters” glycolysis (i.e. the s ...
Notes - Learner
... Further processing of pyruvate depends on the aerobic or anaerobic nature of an organism. In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is further processed to produce either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. There is incomplete oxidation of glucose in anaerobic respiration. In aerobic respiration, pyruvate is fur ...
... Further processing of pyruvate depends on the aerobic or anaerobic nature of an organism. In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is further processed to produce either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. There is incomplete oxidation of glucose in anaerobic respiration. In aerobic respiration, pyruvate is fur ...
Chp. 8
... metabolic pathway metabolism noncompetitive inhibitor phosphorylated potential energy substrate ...
... metabolic pathway metabolism noncompetitive inhibitor phosphorylated potential energy substrate ...
CH 3: The Molecules of Life
... Tertiary structure descries the overall 3D shape of single polypeptide Most polypeptides can be described as either: Globular Fibrous most enzymes hair, spider silk ...
... Tertiary structure descries the overall 3D shape of single polypeptide Most polypeptides can be described as either: Globular Fibrous most enzymes hair, spider silk ...
Lecture 6
... • Those 4 enzymes are either nonexistent or in small supply in skeletal muscle • Found in large amts in liver and kidneys • Pyruvate kinase (last step of glycolysis): – virtually irreversible in skeletal muscle – In liver, can be inhibited by cAMP and phosphorylation (Ca2+-dependent protein kinase) ...
... • Those 4 enzymes are either nonexistent or in small supply in skeletal muscle • Found in large amts in liver and kidneys • Pyruvate kinase (last step of glycolysis): – virtually irreversible in skeletal muscle – In liver, can be inhibited by cAMP and phosphorylation (Ca2+-dependent protein kinase) ...
Bacterial Physiology Lec-8 Catabolism: Tricarboxylic acid cycle
... Many bacteria have electron transport chains that can operate with exogenous electron acceptors other than O2. The major electron acceptors are nitrate , sulfate and CO2 but metals and a few organic molecules can also be reduced. Some bacteria can use nitrate as the electron acceptor at the end of t ...
... Many bacteria have electron transport chains that can operate with exogenous electron acceptors other than O2. The major electron acceptors are nitrate , sulfate and CO2 but metals and a few organic molecules can also be reduced. Some bacteria can use nitrate as the electron acceptor at the end of t ...
The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include
... C) of CO2 the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release D) energy photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in separate, specialized organelles; E) the two processes cannot occur in t ...
... C) of CO2 the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release D) energy photosynthesis and cellular respiration occur in separate, specialized organelles; E) the two processes cannot occur in t ...
Chapter 13
... ΔG° = height difference between flask bottoms ΔG = height difference between water levels ...
... ΔG° = height difference between flask bottoms ΔG = height difference between water levels ...
Nutrition & Metabolism
... Relationship of height and weight Formula: weight (lb) / [height (in)]2 x 703 ...
... Relationship of height and weight Formula: weight (lb) / [height (in)]2 x 703 ...
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to a protein or other organic molecule. Phosphorylation and its counterpart, dephosphorylation, turn many protein enzymes on and off, thereby altering their function and activity. Protein phosphorylation is one type of post-translational modification.Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes. Its prominent role in biochemistry is the subject of a very large body of research (as of March 2015, the Medline database returns over 240,000 articles on the subject, largely on protein phosphorylation).